List of defunct automobile manufacturers of the United States

This is a list of defunct automobile manufacturers of the United States. They were discontinued for various reasons, such as bankruptcy of the parent company, mergers, or being phased out.

A

'Blue & Gold, Red John, model[1] Moved to Cleveland and renamed to 'Abbott' in 1917.[2] Renamed to 'Zehr' after departure of S. Abeln in 1912.[3] tzero model Ace model 'Adams-Farwell' model Airscoot model Based in Seattle Based in New York City Sampson model Also known as Aldo Based in Ohio[6] Based in Philadelphia[7] 'Aluminum' model[9] Jonz and American models. Based in Indiana. Populaire model Based in New York Renamed to 'American Bantam' in 1935[10] Based in Michigan Based in Chicago Also known as Alco Juvenile model Junior model Also known as AMC Balanced Six model. Based in New Jersey Amco model. Based in New York Renamed to Amplex in 1910 Based in Massachusetts Based in Illinois Car-Nation models Renamed to 'Ames Body Corporation' in 1915[10][16] Also known as A.E.C. Fuller model Built in St. Louis by the beer company Based in Saginaw, Michigan. Based in Jackson, Michigan. Based in Pittsburgh Based in Massachusetts. Renamed to 'Atlas-Knight' in 1912. Based in Indiana Formerly 'Aurora Carriage Top Company' King-Remick model

• A Automobile Company (1910–1913)

• Abbott-Detroit (1909–1918)

• Abeln-Zehr (1911–1912)

• AC Propulsion (1997–2003)

• Apex Motor Car Company (1920–1922)

• Acme Motor Car Company (1903–1911)
• Adams Company (1905–1912)

• Anger Engineering Company (1913–1915)[4] (also known as A.E.C., but not the same company as the British A.E.C.)
• Aerocar Company (1905–1908)
• Aerocar International (1946–1987)
• Aircraft Products (1947)

• Airway (1949–1950)[5]
• Ajax Motors Co. (1914–1915)

• Ajax Motor Vehicle Company (1901–1903)

• Aland Motor Car Company (1916–1917)
• Albany Automobile Company (1907–1908)
• Alden Sampson Company (1904)

• Albaugh-Dover Co. (1910–1911)

• All-Steel Motor Car Co. (1915–1916)
• Allen Motor Company (1913–1922)

• Allen Iron & Steel Company (1913–1914)

• Alpena Motor Company (1910–1914)[8]
• Alter Motor Car Company (1914–1917)
• Altham (1896–1899)
• Alcoa (1920–1922)

• Amalgamated Machinery Corp (1917–1919)
• Ambassador (1921–1925)[10][11]
• American Automobile Manufacturing Company (1911–1912)[10]

• American Automobile and Power Company (1904–1905)

• American Automobile Co. (1899–1901)[10]

• American Cyclecar Co. (1914)[10]
• American Austin (1929–1941)

• American Beauty (1918–1920)[12]
• American Electric (1913–1914)

• American Electric Vehicle Co. (1896–1902)

• American Locomotive Automobile Company (1908–1913)[10]

• American Metal Wheel & Auto Co (1907)

• American Mors (1906–1909)[10]
• American Motor Car Company (1906–1914)
• American Motor Company (1895–1902) [13]
• American Motor Carriage Co. (1902–1904)[10]
• American Motor Vehicle Co. (1916–1920)

• American Motors (1954–1987)

• American Motors Co. (1906–1924)[10][14]

• American Motors Incorporated (1917–1922)

• American Power Carriage (1899–1900)[10]
• American Simplex (1906–1913)

• American Steam Automobile Co. (1924–1931)

• American Steam Truck Co. (1922–1924)

• American Voiturette (1913–1914)[3]

• American Waltham (1898–1899)
• American Wheelock[15]
• Ames, F.A. Co. (1910–1922)

• Ams-Sterling (1917)[10]
• Anchor Buggy & Carriage Co. (1910–1911)
• Anderson Automobile Co. (1916–1925)[10]
• Anderson Carriage Manufacturing Co. (1907–1910)[17][18][19][20]
• Anderson Machine Co. (1906)[17]
• Anger Engineering Company (1912–1915)[21]

• Angus (1907–1910)[10]

• Anheuser-Busch (1905)[22]

• Anhut (1909–1910)[23]
• Ansted (1926–1927)
• Ansted-Lexington (1922)
• Anthony (1899–1900)[10]
• Apperson (1902–1926)
• Apple Automobile Company (1917–1918)
• Arabian (1915–1917)[24]
• ArBenz (1911–1918)[10]
• Ardsley Motor Car Co. (1905–1906)
• Argo Electric Vehicle Co. (1912–1916)

• Argo Motor Co. (1914–1916)

• Ariel Company (1905–1907)
• Aristos[10]
• Armstrong Electric (1885–1902)
• Arnolt, S.H. Inc. (1953–1954)[5]
• Artzberger (1904)[25]
• Atlas Automobile Co. (1906–1907)

• Atlas Motor Car Co. (1907–1913)

• Auburn Automobile Co. (1900–1936)

• Auburn Motor Chassis (1912–1915)[26]
• Aultman (1901)
• Aurora Automobile Co. (1905–1906)[10][26]

• Aurora Automatic Machinery Co. (1907–1909)[26]
• Austen[10]
• Austin Automobile Company (1901–1921)[10]
• Auto-Bug (1909–1910)[10]
• Auto Cub (1956)
• Auto Cycle (1906–1907)[10]
• Auto Dynamic (1900–1902)[10]
• Autoette Electric Car Co. (1948–1970)
• Automatic Transportation Co. (1921)[10]
• Automobile Fore Carriage (1900)[27]
• Automobile Voiturette[10]
• Automotor (1901–1904)[10]
• Autoparts Manufacturing Co. (1910)

• Auto Tricar (1914)[10]
• Auto Vehicle[10]
• Avanti Motor Co. (1963–2007)
• Avery Company (1891–1928) Tractor, truck and car manufacturer

B

Based in Wisconsin Based in Cleveland Distinct from American Bantam Hudson model Based in Pennsylvania Based in Cleveland Based in Cleveland Gyroscope model, based in Michigan. Distinct from the British brand Smith Flyer model Based in Cleveland Based in Indiana Based in Chicago Cannon model

• Babcock, H.H. Company (1909–1913)[10] H.H. Babcock Company
• Babcock Electric Carriage Co. (1906–1912)
• Baby Moose (1914)
• Bachelle Electric (1900–1903)[10]
• Bacon (1901, 1919–1920)[10] Bacon (Automobilhersteller)
• Badger (1910–1911)[28]

• Bailey (1907–1910)[10] Bailey Automobile Company
• Baker Electric (1899–1916)[29]

• Balboa (1924–1925)[10]
• Baldner (1900–1903)[10]
• Baldwin (1899–1901)[10]
• Ball Steam (1868, 1902)[10]
• Balzer (1894–1900)
• Banker (1905)[10]
• Bantam (1914)[12]

• Barbarino (1923–1925)[10]
• Barley Motor Car Co. (1916–1929)
• Barrows Electric (1895–1899)[30]
• Bates Automobile Company (1904–1905)
• Bauer (1914–1916)[10]
• Bay State (1907–1908)[10]
• Bean-Chamberlain Manufacturing Co. (1901–1902)

• Beardsley (1914–1917)[10]
• Beechcraft (1946)[5]
• Beggs (1919–1923)[10][31]
• Belden (1907–1911)[10]
• Bell Motor Car Company (1916–1922)[32]

• Belmont Electric Auto Co. (1909–1910)
• Belmont (1916)[10]
• Bendix (1908–1909)[10]
• Benham Manufacturing Co. (1914)
• Ben Hur (1917–1918)[29]

• Benner (1909)[10]
• Berg (1903–1905)[2]

• Bergdoll (1910–1913)[10]
• Berwick Auto Car Co. (1904)
• Berkshire (1905–1912)[10]
• Berliet (1906-1913)[10]
• Bertolet (1908–1910)[10]
• Bethlehem (1917-1926) cars from (1919-1920)[22]
• Beverly (1904)[10]
• Bi-Autogo (1908–1912)[33]
• Biddle (1915–1922)
• Beisel Motorette Company (1914)
• Bimel (1916–1917)[10]
• Binghamton Electric (1920)
• Binney & Burnham (1901–1902)
• Birch Motor Cars (1916–1923)[12]
• Birmingham Motors (1921–1923)[10]
• Black (1893, 1896–1900)
• Black Motor Company (1908–1910)[34] Renamed to 'Black-Crow' in 1909
• Blackhawk (1903)[10]
• Blackhawk (1929–1930)
• Bliss (1906)
• B.L.M. (1906–1907)[10]
• Blomstrom (C.H.) Motor Co. (1902–1903)[10]
• Blomstrom Manufacturing Co. (1907–1908)[10]

• Blood Brothers Auto and Machine Company (1902–1906)
• BMC (1952)[5]

• Boardman (1946)[5]
• Bobbi-Kar (1945–1947)[5]
• Boisselot (1901)[10]
• Borbein Electric (1900, 1904–1909)[10]
• Borland Electric (1910–1916)[10]
• Boss Steam Car (1897–1909)[35]
• Boston-Amesbury (1902–1903)[10]
• Boston High Wheel (1907)[10]
• Bour-Davis Co. (1915–1922)
• Bournonville[10]
• Bowman Motor Car Company (1921–1922)[10]
• Bramwell (1904–1905)[10]
• Bramwell-Robinson (1899–1902)[10]
• Brasie (1914–1916)[10]
• Brazier (1902–1903)[10]
• Brecht (1901–1903)[35]
• Brennan (1902–1908)[10]
• Brew-Hatcher (1904–1905)
• Brewster & Co. (1915–1925, 1934–1937)
• Briggs and Stratton (1919–1923)[10]

• Briggs-Detroiter Motor Car Co. (1912–1917)
• Brightwood[10]
• Briscoe Motor Co. (1913–1923)
• Bristol (1903–1904)[35]
• Broc Electric (1909–1916)[29]

• Brogan (1946–1950)[5]
• Brook (1920–1921)[10]
• Brooks Steamer (1927)[10]
• Brown (1914)[10]
• Brownie (1916)[36]
• Browniekar (1908–1911)[36]
• Brush Motor Car Company (1907–1912)
• Bryan Steam Car (1918–1923)
• Buckeye (1895)[37]

• Buckmobile (1903–1905)
• Buffalo Automobile and Auto-Bi Company (1900–1902)[10]
• Buffalo Electric (1912–1915)
• Buffum (1901–1907)
• Buggy Car Company (1908–1909)[10]
• Bugmobile (1907–1909)[38]

• Burdick (1909)[36]
• Burg (1910–1913)[36]
• Burns (1908–1912)[36]
• Burrows (1914–1915)
• Burtt Manufacturing Co. (1902–1906)[10]

• Bush (1916–1924)
• B-Z-T Car Company (1924–1915)

C

Distinct from Carrol Based in Wisconsin Based in Chicago 'Tourist' model Renamed to 'Century Electric Car Company' in 1915 Renamed to Chalmers in 1911 Apollo model Lenawee model Clarkmobile model Built in Cleveland Based in Missouri Based in Denver Based in Indianapolis Based in New York Distinct from 'Columbia Electric' Based in Ohio Based in Illinois Based in Ohio Based in Minneapolis and Chicago Gas-au-lec model Distinct from the Nash Cosmopolitan 'Clermont' model Renamed to Crane-Simplex in 1915 Renamed to 'Crowther-Duryea' in 1917 Renamed to 'Croxton' in 1911 Renamed to Cutting Motor Car Company in 1911; defunct c. 1912; last model year 1913.

• C-A-C (1914–1915)
• Cady Automobile Company (1899)[39]
• California (1900–1902, 1910)[40]
• Caloric (1903–1904)
• Camelot Motors (1981)[39]
• Cameron (1903–1920)[41]
• Campbell (1918–1919)[36]
• Canda (1900–1902)[36]
• Cannon (1902–1906)
• Canoo (2017–2025)[42]
• Cantono Electric (1904–1907)[36]
• Car de Luxe (1906–1910)
• Carbon Motors Corporation (2003–2013)
• Cardway (1923–1924)[36]
• Carhart (1871)[36]
• Carhartt Automobile Company (1910–1912)
• Carlson (1904)[36]
• Carrol[36]
• Carroll (1908)[36]

• Carroll Six (1921–1922)
• Carter Twin-Engine (1907–1908)
• Cartercar (1905–1916)
• Carthage (1914–1915)[36]
• Case (1911–1927)[43]

• C.B (1917–1918)[36]
• Ceco (1914–1915)[44]

• Centaur (1902–1903)[36]
• Central (1905–1906)[36]
• Century (1900–1903)[36]

• Century Motor Company (1911–1915)[36]

• Century Steamer (1906)[35]
• Chadwick Engineering Works (1904–1916, 1960)[36]
• Chalfant (1905–1912)[36]
• Chalmers-Detroit (1908–1914)

• Champion (1916)[36]
• Chandler (1913–1929)
• Chapman Electric (1899–1901)[36]
• Charles Abresch Company (1899–circa 1965)
• Chase (1907–1912)[36]
• Checker Motors Corporation (1922–1982)
• Chelsea (1914)[36]
• Chicago (1902)[45]
• Chicago Electric (1899–1901)[36]
• Chicago Motor Buggy (1908)
• Chicago Recording Scale Co (1906–1907)

• Chicago Steam Car (1905–1907)[36]
• Chief (1908)[12]
• Christie (1904–1910)[36]
• Christman (1901–1905, 1907)[36]
• Church-Field (1912–1913)
• Church Manufacturing Co (1903–1904)

• Cincinnati Steamer (1903–1904)[35]
• CinO (1910–1913)[36]
• Citicar (1974–1976)
• Clark (1901)[35]
• Clark Electric (1903–1905)[36]
• Clark & Company (1903–1904)[46]

• Classic (1916–1917, 1920)[36]
• Cleburne[36]
• Clénet Coachworks (1975–1980)
• Clermont[35]
• Cleveland (1902–1904)[2]

• Cleveland (1905–1909)
• Cleveland (1914)[2]
• Cleveland (1919–1926)[2]
• Climber (1919–1924)[47]
• Clinton E. Woods Electric (1897–1901)[48]
• Clipper (1956)[49][50]
• Clough Steamer (1869)[48]
• Cloughley (1896–1903)[36]
• Club Car (1910–1911)[36]
• Clyde Special[36]
• Clymer (1908)[38]

• Coates-Goshen (1908–1910)
• Coats Steam Car (1921–1923)
• Coda (2009–2013)
• Coey-Mitchell Automobile Company (1901-1902) + (1913–1917)
• Coggswell (1910–1911)[36]
• Colburn (1906–1911)[51]

• ColbyDenver (1911–1914)[36]
• Cole Motor Car Company (1909–1925)[52]

• Colonial Motors Corporation (1921–1922)[36]
• Colonial Electric Car Company (1912)
• Colt (1907)[53]

• Columbia (1897–1913)
• Columbian Electric[36]
• Columbia Motors (1916–1924)[36]
• Columbian Electric (1914–1917)[36]

• Columbus Buggy Company (1907–1908)[36]
• Columbus Electric (1903–1915)[54]

• Comet (1917–1922)[36]

• Comet (1946–1951)[5]
• Commerce (1907–1908)[36]
• Commercial Motor Truck Company[55]

• Commodore Motors Corporation (1921–1922)[36]
• Commonwealth (1917–1922)[36]
• Commuter Cars (1998)
• Comuta-Car (1979–1982)[56] (See its predecessor, the Citicar)
• Conrad (1900–1903)[35]
• Continental (1907–1908)
• Continental (1914)[57]

• Continental (1933–1934)[36]
• Continental (1956–1957)
• Corbin (1904–1912)
• Corbin (1999–2003)
• Corbitt (1907–1914)[36]
• Cord (1929–1932,1936–1937)
• Corinthian (1922–1923)[36]
• Cornelian (1914–1915)[36]
• Cornish-Friedberg[36]
• Cornish-Friedberg Motor Car Co (1907–1909)
• Correja (1909–1914)
• Corwin (1905–1906)[58]

• Cosmopolitan (1907–1910)[36]

• Cotta Steam (1901–1903)[35]
• Country Club (1903–1904)[36]
• Courier (1904–1905)
• Courier (1909–1911)[36]
• Courier Car Co (1912)

• Covert (1902–1907)
• Coyote Special (1909–1910)
• C.R. Patterson and Sons (1915–1939), maker of the Patterson-Greenfield automobile and later buses and trucks.[59]
• Craig-Toledo (1907)[36]
• Crane (1912–1920)[36]

• Crane & Breed (1912–1917)
• Crawford (1904–1923)
• Crescent (1913–1914)[36]
• Crestmobile (1901–1905)
• Cricket Cyclecar Company (1913–1914)
• Criterion[36]
• Crompton (1902–1905)[35]
• Crosley (1939–1952)
• Crouch (1894–1900)[35]
• Crow-Elkhart (1911–1923)[60]
• Crowdus Electric (1899–1902)[36]
• Crown (1905–1907)[36]
• Crowther (1915–1917)[36]

• Croxton-Keeton (1909–1914)[61]

• Cruiser (1917–1919)[36]
• Culver (1905)[36]
• Cunningham (1907–1936)[36]
• Cunningham Sports Cars (1951–1955)[5]
• Clark-Carter Automobile Co (1909–1913)

• C.V.I. Motor Car Co (1907–1908)[36]

D

• Detroit Air-Cooled Car Company (1922–1923)
• Dagmar (1922–1927)
• Dale (1974)
• Daniels (1916–1924)[62]
• Dan Patch (1910–1911)[63]
• Darby Motor Car Company (1909–1910)[64]
• Darling (1901–1902)[65]
• Darrin (1946, 1955–1958)[5]
• Davenport (1902)[12]
• Davis (1908–1929)
• Davis Cyclecar Company (1914)
• Davis (1947–1949)[5]
• Davis Steam Car (1921)[66]
• Davis Totem (1921–1922)
• Dawson (1904)[36]
• Dawson Auto-Mobile (1899–1901)[67]
• Day Automobile Company (1911–1914)
• Dayton (1914)
• Dayton Cyclecar (1914) Dayton Cyclecar
• Dayton Electric (1911–1915)[68]
• Deal (1905–1911)[69]
• Decatur (1910–1911)[70]
• Decatur (1914–1915)[71]
• Decker (1902–1903)[36]
• Deere-Clark (1906; Deere 1907)[72]
• Deering Magnetic (1918–1919)[36]
• Defiance Motor Truck (1915–1920)/>
• De La Vergne (1895–1896)
• Delling (1924–1927)[35]
• Delmore (1921–1923)[36]
• DeLorean Motor Company (1975–1982)
• De Luxe Motor Car Company (1906–1908)
• De Mars Electric (1905–1906; Blakeslee Electric 1906; Williams Electric 1906–1907; Byrider Electric 1907–1910)[2]
• DeMot or DeMotCar (1910–1911)[36]
• De Motte (1904)
• Denneed (1916)[2]
• Derain (1908–1911)[73]
• Desberon (1901–1904)[36]
• De Schaum (1908–1909)
• Des Moines (1902)
• De Soto Motor Car Company (1913–1914)[74]
• DeSoto (1928–1961)[75]
• De Tamble (1908–1913)[36]
• Detroit Automobile Company (1899–1901)
• Detroit Automobile Manufacturing Company (1905)[59]
• Detroit Auto Vehicle Company (1904–1908)
• Detroit Cyclecar Company (1913–1914)[36]
• Detroit-Dearborn Motor Car Company (1910–1911)
• Detroit Electric (1907–1939)
• Detroiter (1912–1917)[36]
• Detroit-Oxford Motor Car Company (1905–1906)
• Detroit Steam Motors Corporation (1922)
• De Vaux-Hall Motors Company (1931–1932; Continental-De Vaux 1932)
• De Vaux Continental (1932–1934)
• DeWitt (1909–1910)
• Dewabout (1900–1901)[36]
• Dey Electric (1917–1919)[36]
• Dey Griswold (1895–1898)[76]
• Diamond (1914–1915)[77]
• Diamond T (1905–1967)
• Diana (1925–1928)
• Dile (1914–1917)
• Dingfelder Motor Company (1903)
• Disbrow (1917–1918)[2]
• Dispatch (1910)[36]
• Dixie (1908–1910)[78]
• Dixie (1916)[36]
• Dixie Flyer (1916–1923)[36]
• Doble steam car (1914–1918, 1922–1931)
• Dodge (A.M.) Company (1914–1915)
• Dodgeson Motors (1926)
• DODO (1912)[22]
• Dolson (J.L.) & Sons (1904–1907)
• Dorris Motors Corporation (1906–1926)
• Dort Motor Car Company (1915–1924)
• Douglas (1918–1919)[36]
• Downing Motor Company (1913–1915)[2]
• Dragon Automobile Company (1906–1908)
• Drake (1921–1922)[36]
• Drexel (1916–1917)[36]
• Driggs-Seabury (1915; Driggs 1921–1923)[36]
• Drummond (1916–1917)[36]
• Dual-Ghia (1956–1958)[5]
• Duck (Jackson model)[79]
• Dudly Tool Company (1913–1915)[36]
• Dudgeon Steam (1857, 1866)[35]
• Duer (1907–1910)[36]
• Duesenberg (1920–1937)
• Dumont[80]
• Dunn (1916–1918)[36]
• Duplex (1908–1909)[36]
• Du Pont (1919–1931)
• Duquesne (1904–1906)[36]
• Durant Motors (1921–1931)
• Durocar (1906–1911)[36]
• Duryea (1893–1917) First American automobile manufacturer
• Dyke (or St Louis) (1899–1901; Dyke-Britton 1904)[81]
• Dymaxion (1933)[82]

E

'Compound' model 'Wayne' model

• Eagle (1905–1909)[65]
• Eagle (1988–1998)
• Eagle Cycle Car (1914–1918)
• Eagle Electric (1915–1916)[36]
• Eagle Rotary (1914–1915; Eagle-Macomber 1916–1918)[36][83][84][85]
• Earl Motors Incorporated (1907–1908)[86]
• Earl (1921–1923)
• Eastman (1898–1900)[35]
• Eastman (1901–1902)[87]
• Eaton Electric (1898–1900)[88]
• Eck[36]
• Eclipse Steam (1900–1903)[35]
• Economy (1916–1919; Economy-Vogue 1920; Vogue 1921–1922)[36]
• Eddy Electric (1900–1901)[36]
• Edsel (1958–1960)
• Edwards-Knight (1912–1913)[36]
• Edwards (1954–1955)[5]
• E.H.V. (see Compound)[36]
• Eichstaedt (1898–1902)[36]
• Eisenhuth (1904–1908)

• Elberg[89]
• Elberon (Columbia model)[35]
• Elbert (1914–1915)[36]
• Elcar (1915–1931)
• Elco (1915–1917)[90]
• Eldredge (1903–1906)
• Electra (1914–1915)[36]
• Electric Vehicle (1897–1907)
• Electronomic[36]
• Elgin (1916–1924)[36]
• Elite[91]
• Elite (1901–1902)[35]
• Elkhart (see Crow-Elkhart or Komet)[92]
• Elliott (1897–1899)[92]
• Ellis[92]
• Ellsworth (1907)[92]
• Elmore (1893–1912)
• El Morocco (1956–1957)[5]
• Emancipator (1909)[92]
• Emerson (1917)[93]
• E-M-F (1909–1912)[92]

• Empire (1901–1902)
• Empire (1910–1919)
• Empire Steam Car (1925–1927)
• Empire Steamer (1899–1902)
• Empire Steamer (1904)
• Endurance Steam Car (1922–1924)
• Enger (1909–1917)[94]
• Engler (W.B.) Cyclecar Company (1914–1915)
• Entz (1914)[92]
• Erie (1899–1902)[95]
• Erskine (1927–1930)[92]
• Eshelman (1953–1961)
• Essex (1906)[35]
• Essex Motor Company (1919–1932)
• Etnyre (1910–1911)
• Euclid (1908)[2]
• Eureka (1900)
• Eureka (1907–1909)
• Evansville[92]
• Everitt (1909–1912)
• Everybody's (1907–1909)[92]
• Ewing (1908–1910)[96]
• Excalibur (1965–1997)
• Excel (1914)

F

Also known as F.A.L. Unrelated to Ford Falcon Unrelated to Fenton Headers Based in Michigan 'Flanders Six' model Manufactured as the Jewell beginning in 1906. Organized in Cleveland, Ohio, & named for the city nickname.[103] New York company, one of two of the same name, organized by Clarence Forth. No cars built.[104] Mansfield, Ohio, company, one of two of the same name, organized by Clarence Forth. Only one prototype car assembled; went bankrupt late 1911.[105] Organized in New Kensington, Pennsylvania; moved to Pittsburgh 1911. Always known as the Pittsburgh Six[106] Based in Wisconsin

• Fageol (1900, 1917)[92]
• Fal-Car (1909–1914)[97]

• Falcon Engineering Company (1907–1909)[92]

• Falcon-Knight (1927–1929)[92]
• Famous (1908–1909)[92]
• Fanning (1901–1903)[92]
• Farmack (1915–1916)[92]
• Farner (1922–1923)[92]
• Faulkner-Blanchard (1910)
• Federal (1907–1909)[92]
• Federal Steam (1901–1902)[35]
• Fenton (1913–1914)[92]

• Ferris (1920–1922)[2]
• Fey Touring (1897–1906)[98][99]
• Fiberfab (1964–1983)
• Fidelia (1913–1914)[2]
• Field (1886, 1905)[35]
• Fina-Sport (1953–1954)
• Firestone-Columbus (1909–1915)[92]
• Fischer-Detroit (1914)
• Fisher (1901–1905)[92]
• Fisker Automotive (2007–2014)
• Fisker Inc. (2016–2024)[100]
• Flagler (1914)[101]

• Flanders 20 (1910–1912)[92]
• Flanders Manufacturing Company (1912–1914)[102]
• Flanders (1913)

• Flexbi (1904)[92]
• Flint (1923–1927)[92]
• Flyer Motor Car Company (1913–1914)
• Forest (1905–1906) Organized in Boston.[103]
• Forest City[53] (1905[103])

• Forsyth (circa 1896) Franklin, Minnesota; only a prototype built.[103]
• Forth (1905)

• Forth (1910–1911)

• Fort Pitt[92] (1908–1910, 1911)

• Foster (1889,1901–1904)[35]
• Fostoria (1906–1907)[92]
• Fournier-Searchmont[107]
• Fox (1921–1923)[92]
• Franklin (1902–1934)
• Frayer-Miller (1904–1910)[92]
• Frazer (1946–1951)
• Frederickson (1914)[92]
• Fredonia (1902–1904)
• Fremont (1920–1922)[92]
• Friedman Automobile Company (1900–1903)[108]
• Friend Motors Corporation (1920–1921)
• Fritchle Electric (1905–1920)[92]
• Frontenac (1906–1913)
• Frontenac Motor Corporation (1921–1925)[92]
• Frontmobile (1917–1918)[92]
• F.R.P. (1914–1916)[92]
• F.S. (1911–1912)[92][109]
• Fuller (1908–1910)[92]
• F.W.D. (1910–1912)[43]

G

• Gabriel (1910–1920)[110] Gabriel Auto Company
• Gadabout (1914–1916)
• Gaeth (1902–1911)
• Gage (1914–1915) Union Car Company
• Gale (1905–1907)[111]
• Galloway (1906–1920)[112] William Galloway Company
• Gardner (1920–1931)
• Garford (1908, 1911–1913)[92] Superior Coach Company
• Gary (1909) Gary Taxicab Company
• Gary Automobile Manufacturing Company (1914) Gary Automobile Manufacturing Company
• Gas-au-lec (1905–1906) Corwin Manufacturing Company
• Gaslight (1960–circa 1961)
• Gasmobile (1899–1902)
• Gatsby Coachworks (1979–1998) Gatsby Coachworks
• Gatts (1905) Gatts
• Gaylord Motor Car Company (1911–1913)
• Gaylord (1955–1956)
• Gladiator model
• Gearhart (1911–1912) Southern Motor Sales Company
• Gearless (1906–1909)[113] Gearless Motor Car Company
• Gearless Steamer (1919–1923)[35] Gearless Motor Corporation
• Gem Motor Car Company (1917–1919)
• GEM (1992–2022)
• General (1902–1904)[110]
• General Electric (1891–1898, 1902–1903)[114]
• General Electric (1898–1900)[115]
• General Motors Corporation (1908–2009)
• Geneva (1901–1904)[116]
• German-American (1902–1903)[92]
• Geo (1989–1997)
• Geronimo (1917–1920)[92]
• Ghent (1916–1918)[92]
• Gillette (1916)[92]
• Gillig (1890)
• G.J.G. (1909–1914)
• Glasspar (1949–1953)[117]
• Gleason (1909–1913)[92]
• Glide (1903–1920)[92]
• Globe Four (1921–1922)[2]
• Glover (1920–1921)[92]
• Golden Eagle (1906)[118]
• Graham-Paige (1928–1930; Graham 1930–1941)
• Gramm (1902)[92]
• Granite Falls[92]
• Grant (1913–1922)[119]
• Graves & Condon (1908–1910))[92]
• Gray Motor Corporation (1922–1926)
• Gray Light Car (1920)
• Great Eagle (1910–1918)
• Great Southern (1910–1914)
• Great Western (1910–1916)[38]
• Greenleaf Cycle Company (1902)
• GreenTech Automotive (2009–2018)
• Gregory (1920–1922)[92]
• Greyhound (1914–1916)[12]
• Grinnell Electric Car Company (1910–1915)
• Griswold Motor Car Company (1907)
• Grout (1900–1912)[120]
• Gurley (1899–1901)[92]
• G.V (1907)[121]
• Gyroscope (1908–1909)

H

Renamed to Hammer Motor Company for 1905–1906 Xenia model

• Haase (1902–1904)
• Hackett Motor Car Company (1916–1919)
• H.A.L. (1916–1918)[2]
• Hall (1903–1904)[92]
• Hall (1914–1915)
• Halladay (1905–1922)[122]
• Hamilton (1917)[92]
• Hamlin-Holmes (1919–1929; Hamlin 1930)[92]
• Hammer-Sommer (1902–1906)

• Handley Motors Incorporated (1921–1923; Handley 1923)[92]
• Hanger (1916)[123]
• Hanover (1921–1927)[92]
• Hanson (1918–1925)[92]
• Harding (1916–1917)[124]
• Hardy[92]
• Harper (1907–1908)[92]
• Harrie (1925)[92]
• Harris (1910)[92]
• Harrison Wagon Company (1905–1907; Harrison Motor Car Company 1907)
• Harroun Motor Sales Corporation (1917–1922)
• Harry S. Houpt Manufacturing Company: (See Houpt (1909); The "New Departure Manufacturing Company" (Bristol, Connecticut)[125] forming of Houpt-Rockwell in 1910) Covered in the German Wikipedia[126]
• Hartley (1895–1899)[35]
• Hartman (1914–1918)[92]
• Harvard (1915–1921)[127]
• Harwood-Barley (1911–1915)[128]
• Hasbrouck (1900–1902)[92]
• Hatfield (1907–1908)[129]
• Hatfield (1916–1924)[130]
• Havers Motor Car Company (1908–1914)
• Hawk Cyclecar Company (1914)
• Hawkins Cyclecar (1914)

• Hawley (1906–1908)[92]
• Hay-Berg (1907–1908)[131]
• Haydock[92]
• Haynes-Apperson (1896–1905; Haynes 1904–1925)
• Hayward (1913)[92]
• H.C.S. (1920–1925)[92]
• Healey (circa 1905–circa 1916)[92]
• Heine-Velox (1903–1908, 1921–1923)
• Hendel (1903–1904)[92]
• Henderson (1912–1914)[132]
• Henney (1921–1931)[92]
• Henney (1960–1964)
• Henry Motor Car Company (1910–1912)
• Hercules (1914–1915)[92]
• Herff-Brooks (1915–1916)
• Herreshoff Motor Company (1909–1914)
• Hertel (1895–1900)[92]
• Hertz (1924–1927)[92]
• Heseltine (1916–1917)[92]
• Hewitt (1906–1907)[133]
• Hewitt (1905–1914) [134]
• Hewitt-Lindstrom (1900–1901)
• Heymann (1898–1907)[92]
• Hidley Steam Car (1901)
• Highlander (1919–1922)[92]
• Hill (1904–1908)[92]
• Hines (1908–1910)[92]
• Hitchcock Motor Car Company (1909)
• Hobbie Accessible (1908–1909)
• Hoffman (1901–1904)[135]
• Hoffman (1931)
• Holden (1915)[136]
• Holland (1902–1903)[35]
• Holley (1900–1904)
• Hollier (1915–1921)
• Holly Six (1913–1915)[137]
• Holmes (1906–1907)[93]
• Holsman (1901–1911)
• Hol-Tan (1908)
• Holyoke (1899–1903)[138]
• Homer Laughlin (1916)[92]
• Hoosier Scout (1914)[92]
• Hoover (1913–1914)
• Hoskins (1920)[92]
• Houpt (1909; Houpt-Rockwell 1910)[92]
• House Steamer (1867)[139]
• Howard (1895–1903)[138]
• Howey (1907–1908)[92]
• Hudson Motor Car Company (1909–1957)
• Huffman (1919–1925)
• Hupp Motor Car Company (1909–1940)
• Hupp-Yeats Electric Car Company (1911–1919)
• Huron River Manufacturing Company (1911–1912)
• Hydromotor Car Manufacturing Company (1914–1917)[92]

I

'Economy' model

• Ideal Electric Co. (1909-c1911)
• Illinois Electric (1897–1901)[140]
• Imp (1913–1914)[92]
• Imperial Motor Car Company (1907–1908)
• Imperial Automobile Company (1908–1916)[92][141]
• Imperial (1955–1975, 1981–1983)
• Imperial Electric (1903–1904)[92]
• Independent Harvester (1910–1911)[92]
• Indiana (1901)[12]
• Indianapolis (see Black)[92]
• International (1899) (see Strathmore)[142]
• International (1899)[143]
• International (1900)[144]
• International Cyclecar Company (1914)[36]

• International Motor Cars (Apollo; 1962–1964)
• International Power Company (1900)[143]
• International (1901–1903)[145]
• International Cyclecar Company (1914)[146]
• International Harvester (1907–1980)
• Inter-State (1909–1919)[92]
• Iroquois (1903–1907)[22]

J

Argonne model

• Jackson Automobile Company (1903–1923)
• Jacquet Motor Corporation (1921)
• Jaeger Motor Car Company (1932–1933)
• James (1909–1911)[92]
• Janney Motor Company (1906)
• Jarvis-Huntington (1912)[92]
• Jaxon Steam (1903)[147]
• Jeffery (1902–1917)
• Jenkins (1907–1912)[92]
• Jersey City Machine Co. (1919–1920)

• Jewell (1906–1907; Jewel 1908–1909)[92]
• Jewett (1922–1927)
• Johnson (1905–1912)[148]
• Jones (1914–1920)[149]
• Jones-Corbin (1903–1907)[149][150]
• Jonz (1909–1912)[149]
• Jordan (1916–1931)
• J.P.L. Cyclecar Company (1913)[151]
• Julian (1918, 1925)[149]
• Junior R (1924)

K

Michigan model Yale model

• Kaiser-Frazer Corporation (1945–1955; Kaiser Motors 1951–1955)
• Kalamazoo (1908–1914)[149]

• Kane-Pennington[149]
• Kansas City (1906–1908; Kansas City Wonder 1909)[152]
• Kato (1907–1913)[149]
• Kauffman (1909–1912)[149]
• K-D (1912–1913)[149]
• Kearns (1909–1916)[149]
• Keene Steamobile (1900–1901)[35]
• Keeton Motor Company (1912–1914)[153]
• Keller (1948–1950)[5]
• Kelsey (1897–1902, 1920–1924)[154]
• Kenmore (1910–1912)[149]
• Kensington (1899–1904)[35]
• Kent (1916–1917)[149]
• Kent's Pacemaker (1900)
• Kenworthy (1920–1921)[149]
• Kermath Motor Car Company (1907–1908)
• Kessler Motor Company (1920–1921; Kess-Line 8 1922)
• Keystone (1899–1900)
• Keystone (1900)[155]
• Keystone (1914–1915)
• Kiblinger (1907–1909)[149]
• Kidder (1899–1903)[35]
• Kimball Electric (1910–1912)[149]
• King (1896, 1911–1923)[12]
• King Midget (1947–1970)[156]
• King-Remick (1910)
• Kinner[157]
• Kirk (1901–1905)[158]

• Kissel (1906–1930)
• Kleiber (1924–1929)[149][159]
• Kline Kar (1910–1923)[149]
• Klink (1907–1910)[149]
• Klock (1900–1901)[149]
• Knickerbocker (1901–1903)[149]
• Knox (1900–1914)
• Koehler (1910–1912)[149]
• Komet (1911)
• Konigslow[149]
• Koppin Motor Company (1914)
• Krastin Automobile Company (1901–1904), based in Cleveland[160] Produced Krastin Gasoline Automobile (1901)
• K-R-I-T Motor Car Company (1909–1915)
• Krueger (1905–1906)[149]
• Kunz (1902–1905)[161]
• Kurtis (1949–1950, 1954–1955)
• Kurtz-Automatic (1920–1925)[160]

L

• Laconia (1914)[149]
• Lad's Car (1912–1914)
• LaFayette (1919–1924)[149]
• La Marne (1919–1921)[160]
• Lambert (1906–1917)
• Lancamobile (1900–1901)[149]
• Lane (1900–1911)[147]
• Lanpher (1906–1916)[149]
• Lansden Electric (1901–1903, 1906–1910)[162]
• La Petite (1905)[149]
• LaSalle (1927–1940)
• La Salle-Niagara (1905–1906)[163]
• Laurel (1916–1920)[149]
• Lauth (1905; Lauth-Juergens 1908–1909)[149]
• L. C. Erbes (1915–1916)[149]
• L & E (1924–1934)[149]
• Leach (1899–1901)[139]
• Leach (1920–1923; Leach-Biltwell))[149]
• Leader (1905–1912)[149]
• Lende (1902–1909)[149]
• Lenox (1911–1917)[149]
• Lenox Electric[149]
• Leon Rubay (1923)[160]
• Lescina (1916)[149]
• Lewis (1914–1916)[164]
• Lewis Motocycle (1895)[165][166]
• Lexington (1909–1927)
• Liberty Motor Car Company (1916–1924)
• Light Steamer (1901–1902)[167][168]
• Light Motor Car Company (1914)
• Lincoln (1912–1913)[169] (see also Sears Roebuck)
• Lincoln Motor Car Company (1914)
• Lindsley (1908–1909)[149]
• Lion Motor Car Company (1909–1912)
• Liquid Air (1899–1902)
• Little Motor Car Company (1911–1913)
• Little Detroit Speedster (1913–1914)
• Littlemac (1930–1932)[149]
• Local Motors (2007–2022)
• Locke[35]
• Locomobile (1899–1929)
• Logan (1904–1908)[149][170]
• Logan (1903–1908)
• Logan (cyclecars; 1914)
• Lone Star (1919–1922)
• Longest (1906)[149]
• Loomis (1900–1904)[35]
• Lordstown Motors (2018–2023)
• Lorraine (1920–1922)[149]
• Los Angeles (1914)[149]
• Lowell-American (1908–1909)[149]
• Lozier Motor Company (1900–1918)[171]
• L.P.C.[149]
• LuLu (1914–1915)
• Luverne (1904–1917)
• Lyman (1904)[149]
• Lyman & Burnham (1903–1905)[149]
• Lyons-Knight (1913–1915)[35]

M

'Cyclomobile' model Autoette model 'Carter Steam' model Later renamed Clipper Automobile Company 'Warner' model

• Mackle-Thompson (1903)[149]
• Macomber (1913)[149]
• Macon (1915–1917)[149]
• Madison (1915–1919)[149]
• Magic[149]
• Mahoning (1904–1905)[149]
• Maibohm (1916–1922)[149]
• Malcolm (1900)[149]
• Malcolm Jones (or Malcolm) (1914–1915)
• Malden Steam (1898, 1902)[172]
• Manexall (1920)[149]

• Manistee Motor Car Company (1910–1913)[149]

• Manta (1974–1986)
• Marathon (1906–1914)
• Marble-Swift (1903–1905)
• Marion (1901)
• Marion (1904–1915; Marion-Handley 1916–1918)
• Marion Flyer (1910)
• Marmon (1902–1933)
• Marlboro (1900–1903)[149]
• Marquette (1912)[173]
• Marquette (1930)
• Marr (1903–1904)
• Marsh (1920–1923)[174]
• Martin (1898–1900)[149]
• Martin Wasp[149]
• Marvel Motor Car Company (1907)
• Maryland (1907–1910)
• Maryland Steamer (1900–1901)
• Mason (1898–1899)[35]
• Mason (1906–1914)[175]
• Massillon (1909)[149]
• Master (1907)[123]
• Matheson Motor Car Company (1903–1912)
• Maxim Motor Tricycle (1895; Maxim-Goodridge Electric 1908)[149]
• Maxwell-Briscoe (1904–1913; Maxwell Motor Company 1913–1925)
• Mayer (1899–1901)[149]
• Mayfair (1925)[149]
• Maytag-Mason (1910–1911)[176]
• McCue (1909–1911)[177]
• McCurdy (1922)[149]
• McFarlan (1909–1928)
• McGill (1917)[149]
• McIntyre (1909–1915)[149]
• McKay Steamer (1899–1902)[35]
• Mecca (1915–1916)[149]
• Med-Bow[149]
• Media (1899–1900)[149]
• Mel Special (1918–1924)[149]
• Menominee Electric Manufacturing Company (1915)
• Mercer (1909–1919)
• Mercury Cyclecar Company (1913–1914)[149]
• Mercury (1939–2011)
• Merit Motor Company (1921–1922)[160]
• Merkel (1905–1907)[178]
• Merkur (1985–1989)
• Merz (1914)[149]
• Meteor (1904–1905)[179]
• Metropol (1913–1914)[149]
• Metropolitan (1922–1923)[180]
• Metz (1909–1921)[181]
• Metzger (see Everitt)[149]
• Michigan Automobile Company (1901)[182]

• Michigan Automobile Company (1902)[48]

• Michigan Automobile Company (1903–1908)
• Michigan Buggy Company (1908–1914)
• Michigan Steamer (1901)[182]
• Michigan Yacht and Power Co. (1904- ?) [183]
• Middleby (1909–1913)[149]
• Midland (1908–1913)[184]
• Midwest[149]
• Mier (1908–1909)[149]
• Milac (1916)[149]
• Milburn Electric (1915–1923)[149]
• Miller Car Company (1911–1914)
• Mills (1876)[35]
• Milwaukee Steamer (1900–1902)[172]
• Minneapolis[149]
• Mino (1914)[149]
• Mitchell (1903–1923)[185]
• Mitchell-Lewis (see Mitchell)[149]
• Mobile (1900–1903)[172]
• Model (1903–1907)[186]
• Modoc (1912–1914)[149]
• Mohawk (1903–1905)[149]
• Moline[187]
• Moline (1904–1913; Moline-Knight 1914–1919)
• Moller (1920–1922)[149]
• Monarch Motor Car Company (1914–1917)
• Mondex-Magic (1914–1915)[149]
• Monitor (1915–1922)[149]
• Monroe Motor Company (1914–1923)[12]
• Moon (1905–1930)
• Mora Motor Car Company (1906–1911)[2][188]
• Morgan (1900–1902)[189]
• Morris & Salom (1895–1897)
• Morriss-London (1919–1923)[149]
• Morse (1902)[190]
• Mosler Automotive (1985–2013)
• Motor Bob (1914)
• Motor Buggy (1908–1911)
• Motorcar Company (1905–1907; Cartercar 1905–1915)
• Motorette (1911–1914)[149]
• Moyea (1903–1904)[149]
• Moyer (1911–1915)[149]
• Mount Pleasant Motor Company (MPM) (1914–1915)[149]
• Mutual Motors Company (1916–1919)
• Mueller (1896–1899; also Mueller-Benz)[191] (see Mueller Co., which was founded by the same person)
• Mueller Manufacturing Company (1893–1952) [192]
• Multiplex (1912–1913)[149]
• Muncie[149]

• Muntz (1950–1954)[193]
• Murdaugh (1901–1903)[149]
• Murray Motor Car Company (1916–1921; Murray-Mac 1921–1929)[149]

N

Also known as Neustadt. Allen Kingston model 'Haase' and Logan models

• Nance (1910–1912)[149][194] Nance Motor Car Company
• Napier Motor Car Company of America (1904–1912)
• Napoleon (1916–1919)[195]
• Nash Motors (1917–1957)
• Nash-Healey (1951–1954)
• National (1900–1924)
• Nelson (E.A.) Motor Car Company (1917–1921)[149]
• Neustadt-Perry (1901–1908, 1915)[149]

• New England Steamer (1898–1899)[172]
• New Era (1901–1902)[149]
• New Era (1916)
• New Era (1933–1934)[196]
• New Home (1899–1901)[149]
• New York Car & Truck Company (1907–1910)

• Niagara (1903–1905)[197]
• Nichols Shepard (1910–1911)[149]
• Nielson Motor Car Company (1906–1907)[198]
• Noble (1902)[160]
• Noma (1919–1923)[149]
• Northern Manufacturing Company (1902–1908)[199]
• Northway (1921–1922)[149][200]
• Northwestern[149]

• Norton (1901–1902)[199][201]
• Norwalk Underslung (1910–1922)[149][202]
• Nu-Klea Automobile Corporation (1959–1960)
• Nyberg (1911–1913)[199]

O

Also known as Ottokar

• Oakland Motor Car Company (1907–1931)
• Oakman-Hertel (1899–1900)[59]
• Ogren (1915–1917, 1919–1923)[203]
• Ohio (1900–1902) (see Packard)[204]
• Ohio (1909–1912)
• Ohio Electric Car Company (1910–1918)[205]
• Ohio Falls[59]
• Okey (1896–1907)[59]
• Oldsmobile (1897–2004)
• Olympian Motors Company (1917–1921)
• Omaha (1899)[59]
• Omar (see Browniekar)[59]
• Only (1909–1913)[59]
• Orient (1899–1908)
• Orlo (1904)
• Ormond Steamer (1904–1905)[172]
• Orr (1915)
• Orson (1910–1912)[59]
• Otto (1910–1911; Ottomobile 1912)[59]
• Otto-Kar (1902–1904)[206]

• Otto-mobile (1899)[59]
• Overholt[172]
• Overland (1903–1926, 1939)
• O-We-Go (1914)
• Owen (1899–1901)[207]
• Owen Motor Car Company (1910–1911)
• Owen Magnetic (1915–1922)
• Owen Schoeneck[59]
• Owen Thomas (1908–1910)[59]
• Oxford (1900)[172]

P

Renamed from Bour-Davis Havers model

• Paccar (1905)
• Pacific Motor Vehicle Company (1900–1904)[59]
• Packard (1895–1898)[208]
• Packard Motor Car Company (1899–1958)
• Paige-Detroit (1908–1911; Paige 1911–1928; Graham-Paige 1928–1930)
• Palmer (1905–1906)[160]
• Palmer-Singer (1908–1914)[59]
• Pan (1919–1921)[59]
• Panam (1902–1903)[59]
• Pan-American (1917–1922)[59]
• Paragon (1906)
• Parenti (1920–1922)[59]
• Parry (1910; New Parry 1911–1912)[209]
• Parsons Electric (1905–1906)[160]
• Partin (1913; Partin-Palmer 1913–1917)[210]
• Paterson (W. A.) Company (1909–1923)
• Pathfinder (1912–1917)[59]
• Pawtucket (1901–1902)[172]
• Payne-Modern (1907–1908)[59]
• Peerless (1900–1933)
• Peerless Steam (1901)[211]
• Pence Automobile Company (circa 1905)[212]
• Penn (1901)[213]
• Penn (1908)[213]
• Penn (1910–1913)[213]
• Pennant (1924–1925)
• Pennington (1894–1900)[214]
• Pennsy (1916–1918)[59]
• Pennsylvania (1907–1911)[12]
• People's (1900–1902)[215]
• Perfection (1907–1908)[59]
• Perfex (1912–1913)[59]
• Peter Pan (1914–1915)[79]
• Petrel (1909–1912)[216][217] Petrel Motor Car Company
• Phelps (1903–1905)
• Phianna (1917–1922)[59]
• Phillips (1980–198?)[218]
• Phipps-Grinnell (1911; Phipps Electric 1912)[59]
• Pickard (1909–1912)[59]
• Piedmont (1917–1922)
• Pierce-Arrow (1900–1938)
• Pierce-Racine (1904–1911)[161]
• Piggins (1908–1910)
• Pilgrim (1911)
• Pilgrim Motor Car Company (1915–1918)
• Pilliod (1915–1916)[59]
• Pilot (1909–1924)[59]
• Pioneer (1907–1912)[59]
• Planche[59]
• Plass (1897)
• Playboy (1947–1951)
• Plymouth (1910)[59]
• Plymouth (1928–2001)[59]
• Pneumobile (1914–1915)[59]
• Pomeroy (1920–1924)[206]
• Ponder (1923)[59]

• Pontiac Spring and Wagon Works (1907–1908)[219]
• Pontiac (1926–2010)
• Pope-Hartford (1904–1914)[59]
• Pope-Robinson (1903–1904)
• Pope-Toledo (1903–1909)
• Pope-Tribune (1904–1908)[59]
• Pope-Waverley (1903–1908)
• Port Huron[59]

• Porter (1900–1901)[220]
• Porter (1919–1922)[221]
• Portland (1914)[59]
• Postal (1906–1908)[59]
• Powell (1930s–1960s)
• Powell (1955–1956)[222]
• Powercar (1909–1911)[59]
• Pratt-Elkhart (1909–1911; Pratt 1911–1915)[59]
• Premier (1902–1926)
• Premocar (1920–1923)[59]
• Prescott (1901–1905)[172]
• Primo (1910–1912)[59]
• Princess Motor Car Company (1914–1918)[59]
• Princess Cyclecar Company (1913–1914)
• Prospect (1902, 1907–1908)[59]
• Pullman (1905–1917)[12]
• Pungs Finch (1904–1910)
• Puritan (1902–1905)[35]

Q

• Queen (1904–1907)
• Quick (1899–1900)
• Quinby (1899)

R

Also known as Raulang. Also known as Zebra Motors Inc. Steamobile model 'Tourist' model

• Railsbach (1914)[59]
• Rainier (1905–1911)[59]
• Raleigh (1921–1922)[59]
• Rambler (1900–1914)
• Rambler (1958–1969)
• Randall (1902–1903)[59]
• Ranger (1907–1910)[223]
• Rapid Motor Vehicle Company (1902–1909)[59]
• Rauch & Lang (1905–1932)[59][224]

• Rayfield (1911–1915)
• R.C.H (1912–1915)[59][225]
• Read Motor Company (1913–1914)[226]
• Reading (1910–1913)[227]
• Reading Steamer (1901–1903)[35]
• Real Cyclecar (1914; Real Light Car 1914–1915)[59]
• Reber (1902–1903)
• Red Bug (1924–1930)[228]
• Red Jacket (1904–1905)[59]
• Rees (1921)[59]
• Reeves (1896–1898, 1905–1912)[229]
• Regal Motor Car Company (1908–1918)[59]
• Regas (1903–1905)[59]
• Reliable Dayton (1906–1909)[59]
• Reliance Automobile Manufacturing Co (1904–1906)[59]
• Remington (1895, 1900–1904)[230]
• REO Motor Car Company (1905–1975)
• Renaissance Cars Inc (1994–1997)[231]

• Republic (1910–1916)[59]
• ReVere (1918–1926)[59]
• Rex Motor Co (1914)[59]
• RiChard (1914–1919)[206]
• Richelieu (1922–1923)[59]
• Richmond (1902–1903)
• Richmond (1904–1917)[59]
• Rickenbacker Motor Company (1922–1927)
• Ricketts Automobile Co (1909–1911)[59]
• Riddle (1916–1926)[59]
• Rider-Lewis (1908–1911)[59]
• Riker Electric (1897–1902)[59]
• Ritz (1914–1915)[59]
• Riviera (1907)[59]
• R-O[59]
• Roader (1911–1912)[59]
• Roamer (1916–1929)[59]
• Robe (1914–1915)[22]
• Robie Motor Car Co (1914)
• Robinson (1900–1902)[59]
• Robson (1909)[59]
• Rochester (1901)[232]
• Rock Falls (1919–1925)[59]
• Rockne (1932–1933)[59]
• Rockway (1910–1911)[59]
• Rockwell (1910–1911)[59]
• Rodgers (1921)[59]
• Roebling-Planche (1909)[59]
• Rogers (1899–1900)[233]

• Rogers Motor Car Co (1911–1912)[234]
• Rogers & Hanford (1899–1902)[160]
• Rollin (1924–1927)[160]
• Rolls-Royce (1921–1935)[59][235]
• Roosevelt (1929–1930)
• Roper (1860–1896)[59]
• Ross Steamer (1905–1909)
• Ross (1915–1918)
• Rotary (1921–1923)[59]
• Royal Motor Company (1904–1911)[160]

• Rubay[59]
• Rugby (1920s)
• Rushmobile[59]
• Russell (1903–1904)[160]
• Rutenber (1902)
• Ruxton (1929–1930)
• R&V Knight (1920–1924)[59]

S

'Kerosine Carriage' model Standard Steam Car model 'Arrow' model 'Fawick Flyer' model 'Silver' model Renamed to Great Smith for 1907–1911 Also known as S&M Simplex 'Dixie Junior' and 'Dixie Tourist' models. Steam cars Also known as Standard Electric Became Stearns-Knight for 1912–1929. Renamed to Stearns Steamer for 1901–1903 Originally called Erie Motor Carriage Co. Halladay model. Also known as S.R.K.

• Saginaw (1914)[59]
• Saginaw Eight (1916)[236]
• Salisbury (1895)[165][237]
• Salter (1909–1915)[59]
• Salvador (1914; S-J-R 1915–1916)[59]
• Sampson (1904, 1911)
• Sandusky (1902–1904)[59]
• Santos Dumont (1902–1904)[238]
• Saturn (1991–2010)
• Saxon Motor Car Company (1913–1923)
• Sayers (1917–1924)[59]
• Schacht (1904–1913)
• Schaum (1901–1905)[59]
• Schoening (1895)[165][239]

• Scott (1900–1901, 1903)[59]
• Scott-Newcomb (1920–1921)[35]

• Scripps-Booth Corporation (1913–1923)
• Searchmont (1900–1903)[107]
• Sears (1905–1915)[240]
• Sebring (1910–1912)[241]
• Sekine (1923)[59]
• Selden (1907–1914)
• Sellers (1909–1912)[59]
• Senator (1912)[59]
• Seneca (1917–1924)[59]
• Serpentina (1915)[59]
• Serrifile (1921–1922)[59]
• Seven Little Buffaloes (1909)[242]
• Severin (1920–1921)[59]
• S.G.V. (1911–1915)[59]
• Shad-Wyck (1917–1923)
• Shain[59]
• Sharon (1915)[59]
• Sharp (1908–1910)[243]

• Shawmobile (1908–1930)
• Shawmut (1906–1908)[59]
• Shay (1979–1982)[244]
• Shelby (1903)[59]
• Sheridan (1920–1921)[59]
• Shoemaker (1906–1908)[59]
• Sibley (1910–1911)[59]
• Signet (1913–1914)[59] 'Fenton' model
• Silent-Knight (1905–1907)[59]
• Silent Sioux[59]

• Silver-Knight[59]

• Simplex (1907–1919)[59]
• Simplicity (1907–1911)[59]
• Simplo (1908–1909)
• Sinclair-Scott (1904–circa 1907)
• Singer (1914–1920)[59]
• Single Center (1906–1908)
• Sintz (1899–1904)
• Skelton (1920–1922)[59]
• Skene (1900–1901)
• Skorpion (1952–1954)[5]
• S&M (1913)[59]
• Small Motor Car Company (1910)
• Smith Automobile Company (1902–1917)

• Smith & Mabley[59]

• Smith Flyer (1915–1919)
• Snyder (1908–1909)[59]
• Sommer (1904–1905)[59]
• Soules Motor Car Company (1905–1908)
• Southern (1908–1909)[59]
• Southern Motor Car Co (1908–1910)[245][246]

• Sovereign (1906–1907)[59]
• Spacke (1919)[3]
• Spaulding (1902–1903)
• Spaulding (1910–1916)[3]
• Speedway (1904–1905)[3]
• Speedwell (1907–1914)
• Spencer (1921–1922)[247]
• Spencer Steamer (1862, 1901–1902)[248]
• Sphinx (1914–1916)[3]
• Spoerer (1908–1914)[3][249]
• Springer (1903–1905)[3]
• Springfield (1900–1901)[35]

• Springfield (1903–1905)
• Sprite (1914)[3]
• Squier (1899)[35]
• Stafford (1908–1915)[3]
• Stammobile (1900–1901)[3]
• Standard (1904–1908)
• Standard (1912–1923)
• Standard Six (1909–1910)
• Standard Steel Car Company (1912–1923)[3]
• Standard Electrique (1911–1915)[3]

• Standard Steam Car (1920–1921)[250]
• Stanley (1907–1910)[251]
• Stanley Steamer (1897–1927)
• Stanley Whitney (1899)[3]
• Stanton (1900–1901)[35]
• Stanwood (1920–1922)
• Star (1908–1909)[3]
• Star (1922–1928)[3]
• Starin (1903–1904)[3]
• States (1916–1918)[3]
• Staver (1907–1914)
• Steamobile (1900–1902)
• Stearns (1898–1911)

• Stearns Electric (1899–1903)[252]

• Steco (1914)[3]
• Steel Swallow (1907–1908)[3]
• Stephens (1917–1924)[3]
• Sterling Steamer (1901–1902)[253][254]
• Sterling (1909–1911)[255]
• Sterling (1915–1916)[256]
• Sterling-Knight (1920–1926)[3]
• Stevens-Duryea (1901–1915,1919–1927)
• Stewart-Coats (1922)
• Stickney Motorette (1914)[3]
• Stilson (1907–1909)[3]
• St. Joe (1908)[3]
• St. Louis (1899–1907)[3]
• Stoddard-Dayton (1904–1913)
• Storck Steamer (1901–1902)[35]
• Storms Electric (1915)[3]
• Stout Motor Car Company (1932–1946)
• Strathmore (1899–1901)[35]
• Stratton (1909)[3]
• Streator (1905–1911)

• Stringer (1899–1902)[35]
• Strobel & Martin[3]
• Strong & Rogers Electric (1900–1901)[160]
• Strouse[35]

• Studebaker (1902–1963)[257]
• Studebaker-Garford (1903–1911)[35]
• Studebaker-Packard Corporation (1954–1962)
• Studillac (1953–1955)[258]
• Sturges Electric[259]
• Sturtevant (1905–1907)[35]
• Stutz Motor Car Company (1911–1935)
• Stutz Motor Car of America (1968–1987)
• Stuyvesant (1911–1912)[160]
• Suburban (1911–1912)[260]
• Success (1906–1909)[261]
• Sultan (1908–1912)[3]
• Summit (1907–1909)[262]
• Sun (1916–1917, 1921–1922)
• Sunset (1900–1913)[3]
• Synnestvedt Electric (1904–1905)[3]
• Syracuse (1899–1903)[3]

T

Steam cars Empire Steamer model Steam cars Also known as Tri-Motor

• Tarkington (1922–1923)[3]
• Taunton (1901–1903)[35]

• Templar (1917–1924)[263]
• Templeton-Dubrie (1910)[3]
• Terraplane (1932–1939)
• Terwilliger (1904)[35]

• Texan (1920–1922)[264]
• Thomas (1902–1919)[265]
• Thomas-Detroit (1906–1908)[3]
• Thompson (1901–1907)[35]

• Thresher Electric (1900)[3]
• Tiffany Electric (1913–1914)[3]
• Tiger (1914–1915)[3]
• Tincher (1903–1909)[266]
• Tinker & Piper Steam (1899)[267]
• Tinkham (1898–1899)[3]
• Toledo (1901–1903)[268]
• Tonawanda[3]
• Torbensen (1902–1906)[3]
• Touraine (1912–1916)[3]
• Tourist (1902–1910)[3]
• Tractmobile (1900–1902)[35]
• Trask-Detroit (1922–1923)[35]
• Traveler (1907–1908)[3]
• Trebert (1907–1908)[3]
• Trimoto (1900–1901)[3]

• Trinity Steamer[35]
• Triumph (1907–1912)[269]
• Trumbull (1914–1915)[3]
• Tucker (1946–1949)
• Tulsa (1918–1922)[3]
• Twentieth Century Motor Car Corporation (1974–1978)
• Twin City (1914)[3]
• Twombly (1913–1915)
• Twyford (1899–1902, 1904–1907)[3]

U

Electric cars

• US Automobile (1899–1901)
• Union (1902–1905)
• Union Sales Company (1911–1912) [270]
• United (1919–1920)[3]
• United States (1899–1903)[3]

• United States Long Distance[3]
• Unito (1908–1910)[160]
• Universal (1914)[3]
• Upton Machine Company (1902–1903)[3]
• Upton Motor Company (1905–1907)

V

Also known as V.E.C. Electric Previously Overman Steam (1895–1898) 'Steamer' model

• Van (1911–1912)[3]
• Van Wagoner (1899–1903)
• Vaughn (1909)[3]
• V.E. (1901–1906)[121][3]

• Vector (1971–1999, 2006–2010)
• Velie (1908–1929)
• Vernon (Able 8; 1918–1921)[3]
• Victor (1905–1911)[271][272]
• Victor Page Motors Corp (1921–1924)[10][273]
• Victor Steamer (1899–1903)[35]

• Victormobile (1900–1901)[274]

• Victory (1920–1921)[3]
• Viking (1907–1908)[3]
• Viking (1929–1931)[3]
• Virginian (1911–1912)
• Vixen (1914–1916)[161]
• Vulcan (1913–1915)[275]

W

'Orient' model Arrow Cyclecar model Renamed to Woods Dual Power for 1917–1918

• Waco (1915–1917)[3]
• Wagenhals (1910–1915)[3]
• Wahl (1913–1914)[276]
• Waldron (1908–1911)[3]
• Walker Motor Car Company (1905–1906)[3]
• Wall (1900–1903)[3]
• Walter (1902–1909)[3](1905–1909) [277]
• Waltham Steam (1898–1902)[172]
• Waltham Manufacturing Co (1899–1910)[3]

• Walworth (1904–1905)[3]
• Ward (1913–1914)[278]
• Ward Electric (1914–1916)[279]
• Ware Steam Wagon (1861–1867)
• Warren (1910–1913)[3]
• Warwick (1901–1905)[3]
• Washington (1921–1924)
• Wasp (1919–1924)[3]
• Waterloo (1903–1905)[3]
• Watrous (1905)[3]
• Watt (1910)[3]
• Waukesha (1906–1910)[3]
• Waverley Electric (1898–1903, 1909–1916)[3]
• Webb Jay (1908)[35]
• Weidely Motor Company (1915–1917)
• Welch Motor Car Company (1901–1911)[3]
• Westcott (1909–1925)
• Westfield (1901–1903)[35]
• W.F.S. (1911–1912)[3]
• Whaley-Henriette (1898–1900)[3]
• Wharton (1922–1923)[3]
• Wheeler Manufacturing Company (1904)
• Whippet (1927–1931)[12]
• White Motor Company (1900–1918)[3]
• White Star (1909–1911)[3]
• Whiting Motor Car Co (1910–1912)[3][280]
• Whitmore, M.C. Co (1914)

• Whitney (1896–1900)[3]
• Wilcox (1909–1910)[3]
• Wildman (1902)[3]
• Wills (C. H.) and Company (1921–1927)
• Willys (1916–1918, 1930–1942, 1953–1963)
• Willys-Knight (1914–1933)
• Willys-Overland (1912–1953)
• Wilson (1903–1905)
• Windsor (1929–1930)
• Wing (1922)[3]
• Winther (1921–1923)[3]
• Winton (1896–1924)
• Wolfe (1907–1909)[3]
• Wolverine (1904–1906,1927–1928)[3]
• Woodill (1952–1956)
• Woodruff (1902–1904)[3]
• Woods Electric (1899–1916)[281][3]

• Woods Mobilette (1913–1916)[3]
• Worth (J.M.) Gas Engine Manufacturing Co (1902)[282]
• Worth (1906–1910)[3][282]

X

• Xander (1901–1902)[283]

Y

• Yale
• Yellow (1915–1930)

Z

• Zehr (1912–1915)[3]
• Zent (1900–1902, 1904–1906)[3]
• Zentmobile (1903)[3]
• Zimmer Motorcars (1978–1988)
• Zimmerman (1908–1915)[3]
• Zip (1913–1914)[3]

See also

• List of automobile manufacturers
• List of automobile manufacturers of the United States
• List of motorcycle manufacturers
• List of pickup trucks
• List of American truck manufacturers
• List of truck manufacturers

Sources

• Automobile Quarterly (eds.). The American Car Since 1775. Kutztown, PA: Automobile Quarterly, Inc., 1971. ISBN 0-525-05300-X
• Bird, Anthony and Douglas-Scott Montagu of Beaulieu, Edward: Steam Cars, 1770–1970, Littlehampton Book Services Ltd., 1971. ISBN 0-304-93707-X: ISBN 978-0-304-93707-3
• Clymer, Floyd. Treasury of Early American Automobiles, 1877–1925. New York: Bonanza Books, 1950.
• Clymer, Floyd and Gahagan, Harry W.: Floyd Clymer's Steam Car Scrapbook, Literary Licensing, LLC, 2012. ISBN 1-258-42699-4; ISBN 978-1-258-42699-6
• Georgano, Nick (Ed.). The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn, 2000. ISBN 1-57958-293-1
• Evans, Richard J.: Steam Cars (Shire Album), Shire Publications Ltd (booklet) 1985. ISBN 0-85263-774-8; ISBN 978-0-85263-774-6
• Headfield, John: American Steam-Car Pioneers: A Scrapbook (1st edition). Newcomen Society in North, 1984. ISBN 9994065904; ISBN 978-9994065905

• Kirsch, David A.: The Electric Vehicle and the Burden of History. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick NJ and London, 2000. ISBN 0-8135-2809-7