Activision Publishing, Inc. is an American video game publisher based in Santa Monica, California. It serves as the publishing business for its parent company, Activision Blizzard, and consists of several subsidiary studios. Activision is one of the largest third-party video game publishers in the world and was the top United States publisher in 2016.[3]
The company was founded as Activision, Inc. on October 1, 1979, in Sunnyvale, California, by former Atari, Inc. programmers for the popular Atari Video Computer System (later renamed to Atari 2600) home video game console. Upset at their treatment by Atari, they left to develop games for the same system. Activision was the first independent, third-party, console video game developer. The video game crash of 1983, in part created by too many new companies trying to follow in Activision's footsteps without the experience of Activision's founders, hurt Activision's position in console games and forced the company to diversify into games for home computers, including the acquisition of Infocom. After a management shift, with CEO Jim Levy replaced by Bruce Davis, the company renamed itself to Mediagenic and branched out into business software applications. Mediagenic quickly fell into debt, and the company was bought for around US$500,000 by Bobby Kotick and a small group of investors around 1991.
Kotick drastically revamped and restructured the company to get it out of debt: dismissing most of its staff, moving the company to Los Angeles, and reverting to the Activision name. Building on existing assets, the Kotick-led Activision pursued more publishing opportunities and, after recovering from its former financial troubles, started acquiring numerous studios and various types of intellectual property over the 1990s and 2000s, among these being the Call of Duty and Guitar Hero series. A holding company was formed as Activision's parent company to manage both its internal and acquired studios. In 2008, this holding company merged with Vivendi Games (the parent company of Blizzard Entertainment) and formed Activision Blizzard, with Kotick as its CEO. Within this structure, Activision manages numerous third-party studios and publishes all games besides those created by Blizzard. In October 2023, Microsoft acquired parent company Activision Blizzard, maintaining that the company would continue to operate as a separate business. While part of the larger Microsoft Gaming division, Activision retains its function as the publisher of games developed by its studios.
History
Founding (1979)
In 1976, Warner Communications bought Atari, Inc. from Nolan Bushnell to help accelerate the Atari Video Computer System (Atari VCS or later the Atari 2600) to market by 1977. That same year, Atari began hiring programmers to create games for the system. Prior to Warner's acquisition, the company did not award bonus pay to programmers who worked on profitable games,[4][5] nor credit the programmers publicly, to prevent them from being poached by rival game companies.[6] Warner Communications' management style was also different from Bushnell's. According to developer John Dunn, Warner management treated developers as engineers rather than creative staff, creating conflicts with staff.
Studios
- Activision Shanghai Studio in Shanghai, China; founded in 2009.
- Beenox in Québec City, Canada; founded in May 2000, acquired on May 25, 2005.
- Demonware in Dublin, Ireland; founded in 2003, acquired in May 2007.
- Digital Legends Entertainment in Barcelona, Spain; founded in May 2001, acquired on October 28, 2021.[73]
- Elsewhere Entertainment in Warsaw, Poland; founded on May 16, 2024.[74][75][76]
Notable games published
1980s
- Fishing Derby (1980)
- Boxing (1980)
- Skiing (1980)
- Freeway (1981)
- Ice Hockey (1981)
- Kaboom! (1981)
- Stampede (1981)
- Laser Blast (1981)
- Tennis (1981)
- Megamania (1982)
- Barnstorming (1982)
- Enduro (1982)
Awards
In 2003, the company was awarded the Game Developers Choice "First Penguin" award in recognition of its place as the first third-party developer.[94]
See also
- List of video game companies
External links
References
- About Activision Publishing www.activision.com, Activision Publishing, retrieved August 17, 2014^
- Activision Blizzard, Inc. 2013 Annual Report Form (10-K) United States Securities and Exchange Commission, March 3, 2014^
- Top 25 Companies by Game Revenues newzoo.com, retrieved January 12, 2017