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Finnair is the flag carrier and largest airline of Finland, with its main hub at Helsinki-Vantaa Airport. It is majority-owned by the Finnish government and a member of the oneworld global airline alliance, operating scheduled passenger and cargo services across Europe, Asia, North America, and Africa.
Key moments
November 1, 1923Founded as Aero O/Y, the earliest predecessor of Finnair
1999Joined the oneworld airline alliance
September 25, 1997Officially rebranded as Finnair Oyj
1988Launched direct Helsinki-Beijing route, the first direct scheduled flight between Europe and Beijing
Finnair Competitive Analysis
Finnair's core competitive edge lies in its strategic geographic position at Helsinki, which acts as a streamlined transfer hub between Europe and East Asia, offering shorter flight times for transpolar routes compared to traditional southern hub options.
Key Competitive Points:
Hub Advantage: Dominant position at Helsinki Airport, leveraging Finland's location as a bridge between Europe and Asia to provide efficient transit for intercontinental passengers
Core Competitors: Lufthansa Group, Air France-KLM, International Airlines Group, and Scandinavian Airlines (SAS) for European and long-haul routes; Iceland Air for niche North Atlantic-Asia transpolar competition
Alliance Benefits: Access to oneworld's global network, allowing seamless connections with partner airlines like British Airways, American Airlines, and Qatar Airways
Sustainability Leadership: Early adopter of fuel-efficient Airbus A350 XWB aircraft and the first European airline to join the CDP Leadership Index for carbon transparency
Strategic transpolar hub between Europe and East Asia
Majority government ownership providing long-term operational stability
Award-winning customer service with 4-star Skytrax rating and 7-time Nordic Best Airline winner
Finnair, Finland’s flag carrier and largest airline, holds a unique and strategically positioned brand in the global aviation industry. Built on a century of operation as the national carrier and supported by majority Finnish government ownership, the brand has carved out a distinct competitive niche focused on efficient transit between Europe and East Asia via its Helsinki-Vantaa hub. Its early embrace of sustainability leadership and membership in the oneworld global alliance have further strengthened its brand identity among both business and leisure travelers.
Unlike large European network carriers that compete across multiple intercontinental corridors, Finnair’s brand equity is concentrated in its core advantage of shorter transpolar flight times, which resonates strongly with time-sensitive intercontinental passengers. Its reputation for Nordic reliability and carbon transparency has helped it stand out in an industry increasingly focused on environmental performance, supporting steady brand loyalty in its core market.
Brand Leadership
Score: 72/100
Finnair holds clear market leadership in the Europe-East Asia transpolar transit niche, outperforming competing hub carriers in route efficiency for this high-demand corridor. It is also widely recognized as a sustainability leader among European airlines, as the first European carrier to join the CDP Leadership Index for carbon transparency, boosting its brand standing among environmentally conscious stakeholders.
Customer Brand Interaction
Score: 65/100
Finnair engages customers through a oneworld-aligned frequent flyer program, targeted social media content focused on its unique transit advantage and Nordic travel experiences, and tailored service for transfer passengers. It maintains solid engagement with corporate travelers via industry partnerships, though its smaller global footprint results in lower overall customer touch volume compared to larger European network carriers.
Brand Growth Momentum
Score: 68/100
Finnair has seen steady growth in its core Europe-Asia transit traffic as intercontinental travel demand recovers post-pandemic, with its sustainability focus attracting growing numbers of eco-conscious travelers. Incremental brand growth is supported by ongoing optimization of its hub operations, though large-scale expansion outside its core niche remains constrained by the size of its Helsinki hub and geographic position.
Brand Stability
Score: 80/100
As a majority state-owned flag carrier, Finnair benefits from strong Finnish government backing that provides financial stability during industry-wide crises such as fuel price volatility and global travel disruptions. It has maintained consistent brand messaging around its hub advantage and sustainability for decades, with few major reputational disruptions, leading to high brand stability in its core market.
Brand Longevity
Score: 90/100
Founded in 1923, Finnair is one of the oldest continuously operating airlines in the world. Over its century of service as Finland’s national flag carrier, it has built enduring brand recognition and trust among domestic and frequent international travelers, embedding strong brand equity rooted in decades of reliable operation.
Industry Profile
Score: 75/100
Finnair is widely recognized in the global aviation industry for its successful niche specialization and sustainability innovation, with its Helsinki hub model often cited as a best practice for focused intercontinental transit strategy. As the primary Nordic oneworld hub connecting to Asia, it holds a more prominent industry profile than its overall fleet size would suggest.
Brand Globalization
Score: 70/100
Finnair operates passenger and cargo services across four continents and is a core member of the oneworld global alliance, giving it access to a worldwide customer base and integrated partner network. It draws transfer passengers from across the globe for its intercontinental routes, though it still has lower brand recognition in large, mass markets like North America and Southeast Asia compared to major global hub carriers.
AI can support brand value reasoning for Finnair, and any preliminary figures generated are illustrative only. For an official audited brand value assessment and detailed valuation report, contact World Brand Lab.
Finnair Plc [6] is the flag carrier[7] and largest full-service legacy airline of Finland, with headquarters in Vantaa on the grounds of Helsinki Airport, its hub. Finnair and its subsidiaries dominate both domestic and international air travel in Finland. The majority shareholder is the Finnish State, which owns 55.68% of shares through the Prime Minister's Office.[8] Finnair is a member of the Oneworld alliance.Founded in 1923, Finnair is one of the oldest airlines in continuous operation and is consistently listed as one of the safest in the world.[9][10][11]
The company's slogans are Designed for you and The Nordic Way.
History
Founding
In 1923, consul Bruno Lucander founded Finnair as Aero O/Y (Aero Ltd). The company code, "AY", stands for Aero Osake-yhtiö ("yhtiö" means "company" in Finnish). Lucander had previously run the Finnish operations of the Estonian airline Aeronaut. In mid 1923, he concluded an agreement with Junkers Flugzeugwerke AG to provide aircraft and technical support in exchange for a 50% ownership in the new airline.The charter establishing the company was signed in Helsinki on 12 September 1923, and the company was entered into the trade register on 11 December 1923.The first flight was on 20 March 1924, from Helsinki to Tallinn, Estonia, on a Junkers F.13 aircraft equipped with floats.The seaplane service ended in 1936 following the construction of the first aerodromes in Finland.[13]
World War II
Air raids on Helsinki and other Finnish cities made World War II a difficult period for the airline.Half of the fleet was requisitioned by the Finnish Air Force and it was estimated that, during the Winter War in 1939 and 1940, half of the airline's passengers from other Finnish cities were children being evacuated to Sweden.
Immediate postwar period
The Finnish government wanted longer routes, so it acquired a majority stake in the company in 1946 and re-established services to Europe in November 1947, initially using the Douglas DC-3. In 1953, the airline began branding itself as Finnair. The Convair 440 twin-engined pressurised airliner was acquired from January 1953, and these faster aircraft were operated on the company's longer routes as far as London.
Jet Age (1960s and 1970s)
In 1961, Finnair joined the jet age by adding Rolls-Royce Avon-engined Caravelles to its fleet.These were later exchanged with the manufacturer for Pratt & Whitney JT8D-engined Super Caravelles.In 1962, Finnair acquired a 27% controlling interest in a private Finnish airline, Kar-Air. Finnair Oy became the company's official name on 25 June 1968. In 1969, it took possession of its first U.S. made jet, a Douglas DC-8.The first transatlantic service to New York was inaugurated on 15 May 1969.In the 1960s, Finnair's head office was in Helsinki.[14]
Finnair received its first wide-body aircraft in 1975, two DC-10-30 planes.The first of these arrived on 4 February 1975 and entered service on 14 February 1975, flying between Helsinki and New York, later between Helsinki and Las Palmas.
Finnair created Finnaviation in June 1979. It was formed from the reorganisation of Wihuri OY Finnwings (which had started services in 1950 as Lentohuolto OY) and its merger with Nordair OY. Scheduled domestic services began in October 1979.[15] In the early 1980s, Finnair held a 60% shareholding.[16]
Expansion (1980s)
In 1981, Finnair opened routes to Seattle and Los Angeles.Finnair became the first operator to fly non-stop from Western Europe to Japan, operating Helsinki–Tokyo flights with a modified McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30ER in April 1983.[13] Until then, flights had to go via Moscow (Aeroflot, SAS, BA) or Anchorage (most carriers)[19] due to Sovietairspace restrictions, but Finnair circumvented these by flying directly north from Helsinki, over the North Pole and back south through the Bering Strait, avoiding Soviet airspace.[20] However, Finnair did not have to make a roundabout because of the Soviet regulation on this route, but the Japanese authorities demanded it (as JAL
Subsidiary airlines (1990s–2000s)
In 1997, the subsidiaries Kar-Air and Finnaviation became wholly owned by Finnair and were integrated into the mainline operations. On 25 September 1997, the company's official name was changed to Finnair Oyj.
In 1999, Finnair joined the Oneworld airline alliance.In 2001, Finnair reused the name "Aero" when establishing Aero Airlines, a subsidiary airline based in Tallinn, Estonia.
In 2003, Finnair acquired ownership of the Swedishlow-cost airline, FlyNordic, which operated mainly within Scandinavia.In 2007, Finnair sold all its shares in FlyNordic to Norwegian Air Shuttle. As part of the transaction, Finnair acquired 4.8% of the latter company, becoming its third largest shareholder. Finnair later sold their shares in 2013.[25]
In 2006, Finnair ordered 11 Airbus A350 aircraft including an additional 8 options, with deliveries starting in 2015.[26]
Labour disputes and restructuring (2006–present)
Finnair has suffered from many labour disputes in this period, resulting from cost-cutting measures prompted by competition from budget airlines.[28][29][30][31][32]
On 1 December 2011, Finnair transferred its baggage and apron services to Swissport International as per a five-year agreement signed on 7 November 2011.[33]
As of 2022, it transported about 2.9 million passengers,[34]
Corporate affairs
Business trends
The key trends for Finnair are shown below (for each year ending 31 December):[37]
Ownership and structure
The group's parent company is Finnair Plc, which is listed on the Nasdaq Helsinki Stock Exchange and domiciled in Helsinki at the registered address Tietotie 9, Vantaa.[54]As of March 2026, the State of Finland is the majority shareholder with 55.68% of shares,[8] in line with the States mandate to hold at least 50.10% of shares.[55]Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken is the second largest shareholder with 11.02%, whilst no other entity holds more than 3% of shares.[8]
Head office
Finnair's head office, known as the House of Travel and Transportation (or "HOTT"), is located on the grounds of Helsinki Airport approximately 1 km south of the passenger terminal. The office opened in 2013, replacing the previous head office which stood on an adjacent lot. The mixed-use building has a total floor area of 70000 sqm across seven floors, including 22400 sqm of office space.[56]
The previous airport head office had been in use since 1994, then replacing an office located in central Helsinki.[57][58] The last Helsinki head office, designed by architect Aarne Ehojoki, opened in 1972.Finnair fully vacated the building in 2013, and in 2016, it was converted into rental storage units.[59]
Subsidiaries and associates
Finnair Cargo
Two subsidiary companies, Finnair Cargo Oy and Finnair Cargo Terminal Operations Oy, form Finnair's cargo business.[60] The offices of both companies are at Helsinki Airport.[61][62] Finnair Cargo uses Finnair's fleet on its cargo operations.
Finnair Cargo has three hubs:
Helsinki Airport: Helsinki Airport is the main hub of Finnair Cargo. There is a new freight terminal at the airport, opened in the first half of 2017.
Brussels Airport: Finnair Cargo has used Brussels Airport as a secondary hub for freight operations. Now the cargo airline operates its flights from BRU in co-operation with DHL Aviation
Finnair Cargo
Two subsidiary companies, Finnair Cargo Oy and Finnair Cargo Terminal Operations Oy, form Finnair's cargo business.[60] The offices of both companies are at Helsinki Airport.[61][62] Finnair Cargo uses Finnair's fleet on its cargo operations.
Finnair Cargo has three hubs:
Helsinki Airport: Helsinki Airport is the main hub of Finnair Cargo. There is a new freight terminal at the airport, opened in the first half of 2017.
Brussels Airport: Finnair Cargo has used Brussels Airport as a secondary hub for freight operations. Now the cargo airline operates its flights from BRU in co-operation with DHL Aviation (EAT Leipzig).
London Heathrow Airport: Heathrow Airport is the most recent hub addition to Finnair Cargo's route network. In cooperation with IAG Cargo, Finnair operates to LHR daily with
Nordic Regional Airlines
Nordic Regional Airlines (Norra) is 40% owned by Finnair.The airline uses a fleet of ATR 72-500 aircraft, leased from Finnair, and Embraer E190 aircraft, both painted in Finnair livery.The airline began operations on 20 October 2011 as a joint venture between Flybe and Finnair. The airline has operated under Finnair's flight code since 1 May 2015.
Corporate image
Livery
The company revealed a new livery in December 2010.Major changes include a restyled and larger lettering on the aircraft body, repainting of the engines in white, and a reversal of the colour scheme for the tail fin favouring a white background with a blue stylised logo.The outline of the globe was also removed from the tail fin.[63]
Flight attendant uniforms
The current uniform was designed by Ritva-Liisa Pohjalainen and launched in December 2011.[7] Finnair has codes to indicate the rank of crew members: one stripe in the sleeve (or epaulettes in the case of male crew wearing vests) for normal Cabin Crew, two stripes for Senior Cabin Crew (only for outsourced Spanish crew) acting as a Purser, and three stripes for a Purser/Chief Purser.Additionally, some female Pursers have a white vertical stripe on their dresses or
Livery
The company revealed a new livery in December 2010.Major changes include a restyled and larger lettering on the aircraft body, repainting of the engines in white, and a reversal of the colour scheme for the tail fin favouring a white background with a blue stylised logo.The outline of the globe was also removed from the tail fin.[63]
Flight attendant uniforms
The current uniform was designed by Ritva-Liisa Pohjalainen and launched in December 2011.[7] Finnair has codes to indicate the rank of crew members: one stripe in the sleeve (or epaulettes in the case of male crew wearing vests) for normal Cabin Crew, two stripes for Senior Cabin Crew (only for outsourced Spanish crew) acting as a Purser, and three stripes for a Purser/Chief Purser.Additionally, some female Pursers have a white vertical stripe on their dresses or blouses indicating their years of service.Finnair requires its cabin crew to wear gloves during take-off and landing for safety reasons.Finnair's previous cabin crew uniform was named the fifth most stylish uniform by the French magazine Bon Voyage.[64]
Finnair flies from its Helsinki hub to over 80 destinations in over 35 countries in Asia, Europe and North America. Finnair also serves six destinations in the United States. Previously, the airline has served Africa and South America, including countries such as Egypt, Colombia and Brazil, but primarily on a leisure basis. Finnair has over 10 domestic destinations. Domestic flights are operated in co-operation with the airline's subsidiary Nordic Regional Airlines.
In 2021, Finnair opened five routes from Stockholm–Arlanda to Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi and Phuket in Thailand, as well as New York–JFK, Miami and Los Angeles in the United States. Those routes have been discontinued.
On 28 February 2022, Russia closed its airspace as a countermeasure to EU airspace closure. This meant many changes to Finnair's Asian services, as most of Finnair's flights between Europe and Asia had used the shortest, fastest, and most environmentally sound route over Russia.[83] In response, on 9 March 2022, flight AY073 departed from Helsinki to Tokyo Narita via the North Pole.Back in 1983, Finnair was the first airline to fly non-stop from Europe to Japan by flying over the North Pole – so operating in the polar region is not new to Finnair.[84]
Finnair announced a new route to Dallas/Fort Worth in 2022.Finnair also reintroduced flights to Seattle/Tacoma in 2022.
Fleet
As of March 2026, Finnair operates an all-Airbus mainline fleet composed of the following aircraft:[85]
As of March 2026, Nordic Regional Airlines operates the following aircraft for Finnair:[95]
Gallery
Aircraft types
Airbus A319, A320 and A321
Finnair received its first narrow-body aircraft manufactured by Airbus, the Airbus A321, on 28 January 1999. Now, the airline operates a fleet of up to 15 A321s. The first Airbus A319 aircraft was delivered to Finnair on 20 September 1999. Since then, Finnair has received 11 A319s, but three of them are now retired. Finnair utilises Airbus A319, A320, and A321 aircraft on domestic and European flights.The Airbus A321-231 aircraft, which are equipped with Sharklets, are also used on some thinner long-haul flights such as to Dubai.ATR 72-500 and Embraer E190 are operated by Nordic Regional Airlines and are also used on domestic and European flights.
Airbus A330
Finnair received its first batch of Airbus A330-300s on 27 March 2009.[100] Now the airline has eight of them in its fleet.As of July 2023, the airline utilises the A330 on intercontinental flights from Helsinki to Delhi, Mumbai, New York, Chicago, Seattle and Doha.The A330s are powered by General Electric CF6-80E1 engines.[100] The aircraft are also being used on European services to Brussels and Amsterdam.
Airbus A350
In 2006, Finnair placed an order for 11 Airbus A350 aircraft with 8 additional options.On 3 December 2014, Finnair announced that it had exercised the option for eight additional A350 aircraft, with deliveries starting in 2018.[26][101] Finnair took delivery of OH-LWA, its first A350, on 7 October 2015, becoming the third airline to operate the type after Qatar Airways and Vietnam Airlines.[102] As of March 2026, Finnair has taken delivery of 18 A350 aircraft, with delivery of the 19th and final A350 scheduled for delivery in the latter half of 2026.[103]
On 21 November 2016, the first intercontinental Finnair A350 service left Helsinki for Shanghai as AY57. Finnair mainly deploys the A350 on intercontinental routes, such as Helsinki to Bangkok, Hong Kong, Los Angeles, Nagoya,
Airbus A319, A320 and A321
Finnair received its first narrow-body aircraft manufactured by Airbus, the Airbus A321, on 28 January 1999. Now, the airline operates a fleet of up to 15 A321s. The first Airbus A319 aircraft was delivered to Finnair on 20 September 1999. Since then, Finnair has received 11 A319s, but three of them are now retired. Finnair utilises Airbus A319, A320, and A321 aircraft on domestic and European flights.The Airbus A321-231 aircraft, which are equipped with Sharklets, are also used on some thinner long-haul flights such as to Dubai.ATR 72-500 and Embraer E190 are operated by Nordic Regional Airlines and are also used on domestic and European flights.
Airbus A330
Finnair received its first batch of Airbus A330-300s on 27 March 2009.[100] Now the airline has eight of them in its fleet.As of July 2023, the airline utilises the A330 on intercontinental flights from Helsinki to Delhi, Mumbai, New York, Chicago, Seattle and Doha.The A330s are powered by General Electric CF6-80E1 engines.[100] The aircraft are also being used on European services to Brussels and Amsterdam.
Airbus A350
In 2006, Finnair placed an order for 11 Airbus A350 aircraft with 8 additional options.On 3 December 2014, Finnair announced that it had exercised the option for eight additional A350 aircraft, with deliveries starting in 2018.[26][101] Finnair took delivery of OH-LWA, its first A350, on 7 October 2015, becoming the third airline to operate the type after Qatar Airways and Vietnam Airlines.[102] As of March 2026, Finnair has taken delivery of 18 A350 aircraft, with delivery of the 19th and final A350 scheduled for delivery in the latter half of 2026.[103]
On 21 November 2016, the first intercontinental Finnair A350 service left Helsinki for Shanghai as AY57. Finnair mainly deploys the A350 on intercontinental routes, such as Helsinki to Bangkok, Hong Kong, Los Angeles, Nagoya, Osaka,
Fleet development
Upcoming narrow-body fleet renewal
Due to an aging narrow-body fleet, Finnair plans to retire the Airbus A320 family and replace them with new generation aircraft. The airline estimates to invest up to €4 billion in fleet renewal between 2020 and 2025. Revealed at its Capital Markets Day on November 12, 2019, Finnair plans to grow the size of its fleet from the current 83 (as of November 2019) to approximately 100 by 2025, of which 70% is planned to be narrow-body aircraft and 30% wide-body aircraft.One-third of the total investment sum would be used for growth, while two-thirds would be to replace the current fleet.[104] According to Bloomberg, Finnair will replace the old aircraft with either Airbus A320neo family or Boeing 737 MAX new generation aircraft.[105] The carrier has also revealed that it is looking for suitable narrow-body aircraft for long-haul use.[106]
Upcoming narrow-body fleet renewal
Due to an aging narrow-body fleet, Finnair plans to retire the Airbus A320 family and replace them with new generation aircraft. The airline estimates to invest up to €4 billion in fleet renewal between 2020 and 2025. Revealed at its Capital Markets Day on November 12, 2019, Finnair plans to grow the size of its fleet from the current 83 (as of November 2019) to approximately 100 by 2025, of which 70% is planned to be narrow-body aircraft and 30% wide-body aircraft.One-third of the total investment sum would be used for growth, while two-thirds would be to replace the current fleet.[104] According to Bloomberg, Finnair will replace the old aircraft with either Airbus A320neo family or Boeing 737 MAX new generation aircraft.[105] The carrier has also revealed that it is looking for suitable narrow-body aircraft for long-haul use.[106]
On 18 December 2015, Finnair decided to improve the space efficiency of its current Airbus narrow-body fleet due to a growing need for feeder traffic capacity. The value of the investment is approximately EUR 40 million, and it includes 22 narrow-body Airbus aircraft in Finnair's fleet. The cabin layout change excludes five A321 aircraft, which are already configured according to the plan, having 209 seats.
Recent wide-body fleet renewal
Finnair announced the order for 11 Airbus A350 XWB aircraft and 8 options on 8 March 2007.Finnair planned to retire older Airbus A340 aircraft by the end of 2017 and replace them with brand new A350 aircraft. As of 1 February 2017, all Airbus A340 aircraft are withdrawn from the fleet. The very last A340 (OH-LQE) operated its last flight from Tokyo to Helsinki on 1 February 2017. Finnair firmed up orders for eight additional A350 aircraft on 3 December 2014. The first A350 was delivered to Finnair in October 2015, and the airline became the first European operator of the Airbus A350.[112]
As of November 2019, Finnair had 14 A350-900s, with a further 5 to be delivered between 2020 and 2022. The Finnish flag carrier also has considered switching some of the orders for the Airbus A350-900 to the Airbus A350-1000 aircraft but decided to keep the orders for only the A350-900. At the beginning of 2017, Finnair revealed plans to add more seats to some of the Airbus A350 aircraft in order to increase capacity by up to 13%. The new seat configuration has 32 seats in Business Class, 42 seats in Economy Comfort Class, and 262 in Economy Class, a total of 336 seats.This second seat configuration was initially planned to be used on routes with less business class demand such as Bangkok, Beijing, and Seoul, as well as on routes to leisure destinations but they have also been utilised on other busy routes such as Shanghai, Osaka, and Tokyo.[113]
Special liveries
Finnair has a long tradition of cooperation with the Finnish design house Marimekko, which can be seen both inside and outside of Finnair's aircraft. Two aircraft, OH-LTO and OH-LWL, are currently painted in the Unikko (poppy) and Kivet (stones) patterns respectively. Previously, an Airbus A340 registration OH-LQD was also painted in the Unikko livery, although the aircraft has since been retired from Finnair service.Scandalously, the Marimekko Metsänväki (forest folk) pattern was painted on an Airbus A330 registration OH-LTM, but was removed after the pattern was revealed to be a copy.[114]
Since joining the Oneworld alliance, a number of Finnair aircraft have been painted in the alliance's special livery. Currently, these are OH-LVD and OH-LWB. Additionally, an Embraer ERJ-190 registration OH-LKN operated by Nordic Regional Airlines for Finnair wears the Oneworld livery.Previous aircraft that have worn the Oneworld livery include an Airbus A340 OH-LQE and an Airbus A319 OH-LVE, both have since left Finnair.
Elements of Finnish culture, such as Christmas, Finnish nature, the Moomins and Angry Birds have been featured in special liveries on Finnair aircraft.[115]
Historical fleet
Finnair has previously operated the following equipment:[117][118]
Aero O/Y gallery
Finnair gallery
In livery chronological order
Finnaviation subsidiary historic fleet
In the early 1980s, the fleet of the Finnaviation subsidiary consisted of: an Aero Commander 690, a Beech 95-A55 Baron, Cessna F150J (2), a Cessna 401B, a Cessna F172M, a Cessna 401A, Cessna 404 Titan (2), a Cessna 441 Conquest, a Cessna 402B, a Cessna 425 Corsair, a Cessna F172P, Cessna F152 (2), Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante (3), a Dassault Falcon 200, a Piper PA-28-140 Cherokee, a Piper PA-32-300 Cherokee Six and a Cessna T188C Husky.[16]
Cabins
Business class
Business class is offered on the entire Airbus fleet. On long-haul aircraft, the seats are equipped with personal in-flight entertainment.Zodiac Cirrus III seats are fitted in business class on all wide-body aircraft. Each seat has direct aisle access and reclines to a 78-inch full flat bed. In February 2022, Finnair unveiled new long-haul business class seats, alongside the debut of a premium economy cabin. The seats are based on the Collins Aerospace's Aerospace AirLounge. The seats are enclosed in a shell with no recline capabilities. According to the airline, this allows passengers to choose a wide variety of sitting and sleeping positions.
Premium Economy class
Premium economy, Finnair's newest class of service, was introduced in February 2022. It is currently rolled out on the Airbus A330s and A350s. The seats are based on the Vector Premium by HAECO.
In-flight magazine
Finnair's English-language in-flight magazine, Blue Wings, was published 10 times a year.The first edition of Blue Wings magazine was published in 1980.[121] It was discontinued in 2020 and is now available online in Finnish and English. Domestic and international newspapers are available online on Finnair Nordic Sky portal during flights. As of 2023, Blue Wings has been reintroduced in physical form for Finnair's centenary year and the years to come.[121]
Environmental efforts
In December 2018, Finnair flights out of SFO began being supplied with sustainable aviation fuel as part of a project involving SFO, Shell, and SkyNRG.[122][123]
Incidents and accidents
On 16 November 1927, a Junkers F.13 disappeared en route from Tallinn to Helsinki. The pilot and his two passengers were never found.
On 10 November 1937, a Junkers Ju 52 en route from Turku to Stockholm suffered the detachment of the nose-engine whilst over the sea. The pilots managed to successfully land the aircraft with no fatalities. A broken propeller blade resulted in a severe imbalance that tore the engine off.
On 14 June 1940, a Ju 52 aircraft named Kaleva operating as Flight 1631 was shot down by the Soviet Air Force over the Gulf of Finland, apparently as a prelude to the Occupation of Estonia. All nine people on board died.
On 7 June 1941, a Ju 52 aircraft equipped with floats was forced to make an emergency landing after losing power on all three engines due to fuel impurity. Although the aircraft was recovered and returned to service, the two occupants of the aircraft drowned while attempting to swim to safety.
On 31 October 1945, a Ju 52 suffered a CFIT on approach to Hyvinkää. Radio signals were distorted by high-tension wires and the pilots let the plane descend too low. All 14 people on board survived, but the aircraft was written off.
On 3 January 1961, Flight 311 from Kronoby to Vaasa flown by a Douglas DC-3 stalled on final approach and crashed, killing all 25 people on board. The two pilots were both intoxicated by alcohol and sleep deprived. This remains Finland's worst aviation accident.
On 8 November 1963, Flight 217 from Helsinki to Mariehamn via Turku flown by a DC-3 crashed into terrain on final approach to Mariehamn. The sole flight attendant and two passengers were the only survivors of the crash. The cause was believed to have been poor visibility and a malfunctioning altimeter that tricked the pilots into believing they were higher than they really were. 20 passengers and two crew were killed. To date, this is Finnair's last fatal accident.
On 30 September 1978, Flight 405 from Oulu to Helsinki flown by Sud Aviation Caravelle was hijacked by Aarno Lamminparras armed with a pistol (Finland did not perform security checks on domestic flights), who held the 48 other passengers and crew hostage. The plane continued to Helsinki, where 34 of the 44 passengers were released before returning to Oulu where the hijacker received a large ransom from Finnair. The plane then returned to Helsinki for another ransom from a Finnish newspaper before flying to Amsterdam and then back to Helsinki before returning to Oulu. The hijacker released the last hostages and departed the plane before being arrested on October 1 at his home.
On 23 December 1987, Flight 915 from Tokyo to Helsinki was allegedly shot at by a missile whilst over Svalbard. The missile allegedly exploded in the air before striking the DC-10. The events were not revealed until 2014.[124]
Sources
Further reading
The Finnair story-Finnair 1973-1923. Finnair. Helsinki. 1973
Finnair facts brochure. Finnair. Helsinki. 1981
Finnair Highlights. Finnair Public Relations Dept. Helsinki. 22 September 1982
Wegg J. Finnair-The art of flying since 1923. Finnair. Helsinki. 1983
Wegg J. Blue birds (Finnair Caravelles). John Wegg 1985
Finnair 1923-1988 60 years of active operation. Finnair Public Relations Dept. Helsinki. 28 October 1988
Haapavaara H. Time flies-Finnair 75 years. Finnair Group. Helsinki. 1998
Mols J. Finnair-A century of nordic aviation. Airlines Series n. 5. Key Publishing. Stamford (Lincs). 2022. ISBN 978-1-80282-194-9
57."1994 ." Finnair Group. Retrieved on 14 February 2010. "Finnair's head office moved from the centre of Helsinki to Helsinki-Vantaa Airport. The official 'house-warming' at Tietotie 11 was held on 11 January."^
The routes through Soviet airspace and with a stopover in Moscow also took 13 hours, but flights with a stopover in Anchorage took up to 16 hours, giving Finnair a competitive edge.
In the spring of 1986, Soviet regulators finally cleared the way for Air France and Japan Airlines to fly nonstop Paris-Tokyo services over Soviet airspace, putting Finnair at a disadvantage.[22]
Finnair launched a Helsinki-Beijing route in 1988, making Finnair the first Western European carrier to fly non-stop between Europe and China.[23] In 1989, Finnair became the launch customer for the McDonnell Douglas MD-11, the first of which was delivered on 7 December 1990.The first revenue service with the MD-11 took place on 20 December 1990, with OH-LGA operating a flight from Helsinki to Tenerife in the Canary Islands.[24]
shut down airports and airlines due to travel restrictions.
At the end of 2022, the airline employed 5,325 people on average.
From 2022 onwards, the Russian airspace closure resulting from the Russian invasion of Ukraine has forced Finnair to suspend some services to Asia.[35]
In March 2023, Finnair announced it would terminate domestic flights from both Tampere and Turku to Helsinki in favour of coach service due to low demand and the short distance.[36]
(EAT Leipzig).
London Heathrow Airport: Heathrow Airport is the most recent hub addition to Finnair Cargo's route network. In cooperation with IAG Cargo, Finnair operates to LHR daily with Airbus A350 to carry extra freight.
Nordic Regional Airlines
Nordic Regional Airlines (Norra) is 40% owned by Finnair.The airline uses a fleet of ATR 72-500 aircraft, leased from Finnair, and Embraer E190 aircraft, both painted in Finnair livery.The airline began operations on 20 October 2011 as a joint venture between Flybe and Finnair. The airline has operated under Finnair's flight code since 1 May 2015.
Airbus A350
to carry extra freight.
blouses
indicating their years of service.
Finnair requires its cabin crew to wear gloves during take-off and landing for safety reasons.
Finnair's previous cabin crew uniform was named the fifth most stylish uniform by the French magazine Bon Voyage.[64]
Additionally, Finnair frequently operates the A350 on intra-European routes, such as Helsinki to London–Heathrow (AY1331/AY1332 and AY1337/AY1338) and Helsinki to Gran Canaria (AY1721/AY1722) for added passenger and/or freight capacity and range.
The A350 also operates, albeit seldomly, flights from Helsinki to Amsterdam, Munich and Brussels.
Additionally, Finnair frequently operates the A350 on intra-European routes, such as Helsinki to London–Heathrow (AY1331/AY1332 and AY1337/AY1338) and Helsinki to Gran Canaria (AY1721/AY1722) for added passenger and/or freight capacity and range.
The A350 also operates, albeit seldomly, flights from Helsinki to Amsterdam, Munich and Brussels.
On 18 December 2015, Finnair decided to improve the space efficiency of its current Airbus narrow-body fleet due to a growing need for feeder traffic capacity.
The value of the investment is approximately EUR 40 million, and it includes 22 narrow-body Airbus aircraft in Finnair's fleet.
The cabin layout change excludes five A321 aircraft, which are already configured according to the plan, having 209 seats.
The cabin reconfiguration was estimated to take two weeks per aircraft during 2017.
The reconfiguration adds 6 to 13 seats depending on the aircraft type, increasing the passenger capacity of Finnair's Airbus narrow-body fleet as measured by available seat kilometres by close to 4 percent.[107] Finnair also planned to increase its narrow-body fleet.
As a first step, Finnair leased eight Airbus A321 narrow-body aircraft from BOC Aviation.
Finnair has occasionally suffered from aircraft shortages and therefore has resorted to leased and wet-leased aircraft.For instance, in March 2016, Finnair announced it would lease two Airbus A321 aircraft from Air Berlin for Finnair's European operations. These two aircraft were delivered in late April 2016 to Finnair. The airline used these A321s on flights from Helsinki to Amsterdam, Berlin, Copenhagen, Dubrovnik, Düsseldorf, Ljubljana, Paris, Split, Vienna, and Zürich.[108] On 15 December 2016, Finnair announced it would lease two Airbus A321s from CDB Aviation Lease Finance. The first aircraft was scheduled for delivery to Finnair for the 2017-2018 winter season and the second for the 2018 summer season. Seven of the ordered aircraft were delivered in 2017.[109]
The Finnair-branded short-haul network also includes 24 regional aircraft operated by Nordic Regional Airlines (12 ATR 72 and 12 E-190). In March 2026, Finnair ordered 18 new Embraer E195-E2 aircraft and used Airbus A320ceo to replace retired Airbus A320 fleet.[110] The contract includes 16 options and 12 purchase rights, potentially bringing the E2-fleet to 46 aircraft. Finnair will source 12 A320 aircraft over the next few years. The younger aircraft will replace five A319ceos, with an average age of 24,8 years, plus the oldest A320ceos.[111]
Recent wide-body fleet renewal
Finnair announced the order for 11 Airbus A350 XWB aircraft and 8 options on 8 March 2007.Finnair planned to retire older Airbus A340 aircraft by the end of 2017 and replace them with brand new A350 aircraft. As of 1 February 2017, all Airbus A340 aircraft are withdrawn from the fleet. The very last A340 (OH-LQE) operated its last flight from Tokyo to Helsinki on 1 February 2017. Finnair firmed up orders for eight additional A350 aircraft on 3 December 2014. The first A350 was delivered to Finnair in October 2015, and the airline became the first European operator of the Airbus A350.[112]
As of November 2019, Finnair had 14 A350-900s, with a further 5 to be delivered between 2020 and 2022. The Finnish flag carrier also has considered switching some of the orders for the Airbus A350-900 to the Airbus A350-1000 aircraft but decided to keep the orders for only the A350-900. At the beginning of 2017, Finnair revealed plans to add more seats to some of the Airbus A350 aircraft in order to increase capacity by up to 13%. The new seat configuration has 32 seats in Business Class, 42 seats in Economy Comfort Class, and 262 in Economy Class, a total of 336 seats.This second seat configuration was initially planned to be used on routes with less business class demand such as Bangkok, Beijing, and Seoul, as well as on routes to leisure destinations but they have also been utilised on other busy routes such as Shanghai, Osaka, and Tokyo.[113]
Finnair has modified its previous fleet plan to retire two of Airbus A330 aircraft, which was established in 2014. The 2016 fleet plan now involves keeping its A330 fleet as its A350s are delivered, rather than withdrawing two of them in 2017, and shall retire those aircraft sometime in the 2020s at the earliest. The airline's plan to retire two A330s was not the only change that was planned. Under the previous plan, the long-haul fleet was to grow by one per year, from 15 in 2015 to 20 in 2020. Under the 2016 plan, it was planned to grow to 22 in 2020, and to 26 in 2023. However, should market conditions be weaker than expected, Finnair has the flexibility to return the wide-body fleet to a total of 15 aircraft in 2019 and to maintain it at this level through to 2023. Some of the new A350 aircraft will increase the number of aircraft operated by Finnair.
The cabin reconfiguration was estimated to take two weeks per aircraft during 2017.
The reconfiguration adds 6 to 13 seats depending on the aircraft type, increasing the passenger capacity of Finnair's Airbus narrow-body fleet as measured by available seat kilometres by close to 4 percent.[107] Finnair also planned to increase its narrow-body fleet.
As a first step, Finnair leased eight Airbus A321 narrow-body aircraft from BOC Aviation.
Finnair has occasionally suffered from aircraft shortages and therefore has resorted to leased and wet-leased aircraft.For instance, in March 2016, Finnair announced it would lease two Airbus A321 aircraft from Air Berlin for Finnair's European operations. These two aircraft were delivered in late April 2016 to Finnair. The airline used these A321s on flights from Helsinki to Amsterdam, Berlin, Copenhagen, Dubrovnik, Düsseldorf, Ljubljana, Paris, Split, Vienna, and Zürich.[108] On 15 December 2016, Finnair announced it would lease two Airbus A321s from CDB Aviation Lease Finance. The first aircraft was scheduled for delivery to Finnair for the 2017-2018 winter season and the second for the 2018 summer season. Seven of the ordered aircraft were delivered in 2017.[109]
The Finnair-branded short-haul network also includes 24 regional aircraft operated by Nordic Regional Airlines (12 ATR 72 and 12 E-190). In March 2026, Finnair ordered 18 new Embraer E195-E2 aircraft and used Airbus A320ceo to replace retired Airbus A320 fleet.[110] The contract includes 16 options and 12 purchase rights, potentially bringing the E2-fleet to 46 aircraft. Finnair will source 12 A320 aircraft over the next few years. The younger aircraft will replace five A319ceos, with an average age of 24,8 years, plus the oldest A320ceos.[111]
Finnair has modified its previous fleet plan to retire two of Airbus A330 aircraft, which was established in 2014. The 2016 fleet plan now involves keeping its A330 fleet as its A350s are delivered, rather than withdrawing two of them in 2017, and shall retire those aircraft sometime in the 2020s at the earliest. The airline's plan to retire two A330s was not the only change that was planned. Under the previous plan, the long-haul fleet was to grow by one per year, from 15 in 2015 to 20 in 2020. Under the 2016 plan, it was planned to grow to 22 in 2020, and to 26 in 2023. However, should market conditions be weaker than expected, Finnair has the flexibility to return the wide-body fleet to a total of 15 aircraft in 2019 and to maintain it at this level through to 2023. Some of the new A350 aircraft will increase the number of aircraft operated by Finnair.
