Eni S.p.A. (former legal name Ente nazionale idrocarburi "National Hydrocarbons Board") is an Italian multinational energy company. It is considered one of the "supermajor" oil companies in the world, with a market capitalization of €48 billion, as of 31 December 2025.[2] The Italian government owns a 33.084% golden share in the company, 2.166% held through the Ministry of Economy and Finance and 30.918% through the Cassa Depositi e Prestiti.[3] The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index.[4]
Through the years after its foundation, it operated in many fields including contracting, nuclear power, energy, mining, chemicals and plastics, refining/extraction and distribution machinery, the hospitality industry and even the textile industry and news.
With revenues of around €92.2 billion, Eni ranked 111th on both the Fortune Global 500 and the Forbes Global 2000 in 2022, making it the third-largest Italian company on the Fortune list (after Assicurazioni Generali and Enel) and second largest on the Forbes list (after Enel). On the Fortune Global 500, Eni is the largest petroleum company in Italy, the second largest based in the European Union (after TotalEnergies), and the 13th largest in the world.[5][6] In 2024, the company’s seat in the Forbes Global 2000 was 151,[7] while in the Fortune Global 500 it was 98.[8]
History
1950s–1960s
Eni was founded in 1953 by an existing company, Agip, which was created in 1926 with the aim to explore for oilfields, and acquire and commercialize oil and derivatives.[10][11] In March 1953, Enrico Mattei was nominated Eni's chairman.[12][13][14][15] In 1952, the logo of the then nascent Eni was selected.
Financial data
Operations
Subsidiaries
Eni's principal subsidiaries include:[2]
- Azule Energy is an incorporated joint venture (IJV) between BP p.l.c. and Eni SpA. – combines the Angolan upstream, LNG and solar businesses of BP p.l.c. and Eni SpA)
- Enibioch4in – biomethane production
- Eni India – is expected to start drilling at a deepwater block 2, near Andaman and Nicobar Islands in Q2 of 2011 as it has received 2-year extension for the completion of drilling program. The program was delayed due to various environmental issues and scarcity of oil rigs. ENI India had won this block in 2005 and partners with ONGC and GAIL India.[170]
- Eni Industrial Evolution – management and transformation of Eni's traditional downstream assets in Europe and the Middle East
- Eni Next LLC – Corporate Venture Capital of Eni Group
Legal problems
The Central Energy Italian Gas Holding scandal in 2005 involved Eni and Gazprom.[173]
In 2009, the European Commission filed formal antitrust charges against Eni. The commission believes Eni has conspired to keep competitors from using its gas pipelines.[174]
In 2009 again, according to leaked diplomatic cables, US ambassador Lanier told Washington that bribery allegations were made in Uganda by Eni which at the time was in competition for oil assets in the country against Tullow Oil. The bribes were taken by the newly appointed Ugandan prime minister, Amama Mbabazi.[175]
After corruption charges against the subsidiary Saipem, Eni's CFO Alessandro Bernini resigned and the new CFO Massimo Mondazzi took over in December 2012.[176]
Sustainability
In 2012, Eni was included in the Carbon Performance Leadership Index, which scores companies based on their commitment to transparency and environmental leadership.[185] In the first half of 2014 Eni achieved the start-up of the Porto Torres green chemistry plant and the Venice biorefinery, with the aim to increase its production of bio and green energy.[186][187] According to the 2017 Carbon Majors Report, which stores GHG emissions data on the largest company-related sources of all time, Eni accounted for 0.59% of global industrial greenhouse gas emissions from 1988 to 2015.[188] In 2019, Eni was among the Top 10 companies by sustainability score in the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) rank.[189][190]
Corporate structure
Board of directors
The board of directors is comprised as follows as of May 2023:
- Giuseppe Zafarana, Chairman
- Claudio Descalzi, CEO
- Elisa Baroncini, Director
- Massimo Belcredi, Director
- Roberto Ciciani, Director
- Carolyn Adele Dittmeier, Director
- Federica Seganti, Director
- Cristina Sgubin, Director
- Raphael Louis L. Vermeir, Director
See also
- List of petroleum companies
Further reading
- Marcello Boldrini, Mattei, Rome, Colombo, 1969
- Marcello Colitti, Energia e sviluppo in Italia, Bari, De Donato, 1979
- Paul H. Frankel, Oil and Power Policy, New York – Washington, Praeger, 1966
- Pier Paolo Pasolini, Petrolio, various
- Nico Perrone, Enrico Mattei, Bologna, Il mulino, 2001 ISBN 88-15-07913-0
External links
References
- By virtue of law of 10 February 1953 no. 136^
- Annual Report 2025 Eni.com, 25 March 2026^
- List of shareholders | Eni www.eni.com^