One Medical
Corporate brand
UnclaimedA United States primary-care provider combining membership-based in-person clinics with digital and virtual healthcare services.
Last updated August 21, 2026
Overview
One Medical is a United States primary-care brand that combines physical medical offices, digital health tools, virtual visits, and a membership model. The business was founded in San Francisco in 2007 by physician Tom Lee and initially sought to make routine primary care more accessible and convenient through redesigned clinics, longer-term patient relationships, online scheduling, mobile services, and technology-supported communication with clinicians. Its operating model has historically involved physician-owned professional corporations supported by 1Life Healthcare, Inc., the administrative and management-services organization associated with the brand. The company expanded from its original San Francisco clinic into a multi-city network serving consumers and employer-sponsored populations. Its services have included primary-care appointments, preventive care, chronic-condition management, behavioral-health support in some settings, urgent or same-day care, remote consultations, prescription and laboratory coordination, and access to a mobile application and online patient tools. One Medical has positioned itself around convenience, digital access, coordinated care, and a more consumer-oriented healthcare experience rather than as a conventional walk-in clinic chain. Tom Lee served as the company's founding chief executive until Amir Rubin succeeded him as CEO in 2017. The Carlyle Group invested $350 million in One Medical in 2018, and the company also received backing from Alphabet, Google's parent company. One Medical became a publicly traded company on the Nasdaq in January 2020 through its parent, 1Life Healthcare, Inc. In September 2021, it expanded its primary-care capabilities through the acquisition of Iora Health, a provider focused on older adults and value-based care. One Medical attracted significant scrutiny during the early United States COVID-19 vaccine rollout. Congressional investigators concluded that the company had directed some people seeking vaccines toward paid memberships and had provided early access to individuals with personal or insider connections, raising concerns about the use of healthcare access for commercial advantage. The episode became the most prominent reputational and regulatory controversy associated with the brand. In July 2022, Amazon announced an agreement to acquire One Medical for approximately $3.9 billion in cash. The transaction prompted debate about patient privacy, healthcare competition, and the role of large technology companies in medical care. The Federal Trade Commission investigated the transaction but did not seek to block its completion before closing. The acquisition was completed on February 22, 2023, making One Medical an Amazon subsidiary. Amazon subsequently promoted discounted One Medical memberships to Prime members and incorporated One Medical into its broader healthcare offering. In 2024, Amazon Clinic's pay-per-visit services were integrated with One Medical. The resulting business continues to combine Amazon's digital, membership, and consumer-services infrastructure with One Medical's clinical network and primary-care operations.
History
One Medical was established in San Francisco in 2007 by physician Tom Lee. Its founding premise was that primary care could be improved by combining conventional clinician relationships with modern consumer-service practices, including convenient appointment scheduling, accessible offices, digital communication, and online health information. The business developed a membership-based model in which patients paid for enhanced access and convenience while medical services were also delivered through insurance and other healthcare arrangements. The company initially operated from a single San Francisco clinic and gradually expanded into a network of offices in major United States markets. Its service model combined in-person primary care with a mobile application and online resources. Patients could use digital tools for scheduling, communicating with care teams, obtaining health information, and accessing some forms of virtual care. One Medical also worked with employers, allowing the brand to serve both individual members and employee populations. A distinctive feature of the corporate structure was the relationship between 1Life Healthcare, Inc. and physician-owned professional corporations. 1Life provided administrative, technological, and managerial support while clinical services were delivered through professional medical entities. The structure allowed the company to build a national consumer brand and centralized technology platform while maintaining physician practice operations within applicable healthcare arrangements. In 2017, Amir Rubin succeeded Lee as chief executive officer. The following year, The Carlyle Group invested $350 million in the company, adding to support from Alphabet, Google's parent company. One Medical went public through 1Life Healthcare on January 31, 2020, listing on Nasdaq. The public-company period coincided with rapid changes in healthcare consumption and increased demand for remote access, although it also exposed the company to heightened scrutiny of its business practices. The most serious controversy occurred during the early distribution of COVID-19 vaccines. One Medical was accused of giving vaccines to people who were not eligible under applicable priority rules in several states. Investigators also examined allegations that the company encouraged people seeking vaccination to purchase memberships and that individuals with insider connections received early access. A congressional investigation concluded that One Medical had attempted to use its vaccine access for financial gain and had not consistently maintained an equitable distribution process. The episode generated criticism from lawmakers and the public and became a significant part of the company's regulatory and reputational history. One Medical continued to expand its clinical footprint and capabilities. In September 2021, it acquired Iora Health, a company known for primary care and value-based care focused substantially on older adults. The transaction broadened One Medical's reach into Medicare-oriented and population-health models and complemented its existing consumer and employer businesses. Amazon announced in July 2022 that it would purchase One Medical for approximately $3.9 billion in cash. The proposal prompted questions about whether a large technology and retail company could combine consumer data, digital platforms, pharmacy activities, and clinical services while preserving patient privacy and healthcare independence. Commentators and advocacy groups called for close review, and Senator Josh Hawley urged the FTC to scrutinize the transaction. Oregon's health authority separately assessed the effect of the deal because One Medical operated clinics in the state and concluded in a preliminary review that the acquisition was not likely to substantially reduce affordable healthcare there. A 1Life Healthcare filing disclosed that the FTC had opened an investigation into the proposed merger. The agency ultimately did not file an antitrust lawsuit before completion, although it stated that its investigation could continue. Amazon closed the acquisition on February 22, 2023, and One Medical became an Amazon subsidiary. Later in 2023, Amazon began offering discounted memberships to Prime customers, making One Medical part of Amazon's broader subscription and healthcare strategy. In 2024, Amazon Clinic's pay-per-visit services were integrated with One Medical. This integration extended the brand beyond its traditional membership proposition by combining recurring primary-care access with transactional digital healthcare. One Medical's current identity therefore reflects two connected phases: an independent, technology-enabled primary-care company built around membership and clinics, and an Amazon-owned healthcare service linked to Prime, digital care, and other Amazon health offerings.
- 2024
Amazon Clinic is integrated with One Medical
[1]Amazon combined Amazon Clinic's pay-per-visit services with One Medical.
- 2023
Amazon completes acquisition
[1]The acquisition closed on February 22, making One Medical a wholly owned Amazon subsidiary.
- 2022
Amazon announces acquisition agreement
[1]Amazon agreed to acquire One Medical in an approximately $3.9 billion all-cash transaction.
- 2021
Iora Health acquisition
[1]One Medical acquired Iora Health, expanding its capabilities in older-adult and value-based primary care.
- 2020
1Life Healthcare begins Nasdaq trading
[1]One Medical's parent company began trading on Nasdaq on January 31.
- 2018
The Carlyle Group invests in One Medical
[1]The Carlyle Group invested $350 million in the company, which also had backing from Alphabet.
- 2017
Amir Rubin becomes chief executive
[1]Amir Rubin succeeded founder Tom Lee as chief executive officer.
- 2007
One Medical is founded
[1]Tom Lee founded One Medical in San Francisco, establishing the company's membership-oriented primary-care model.
Products and positioning
Consumer-oriented, technology-enabled primary care emphasizing convenience, digital access, coordinated care, and membership-based relationships.
Primary-care membership · 2007
One Medical membership
The core consumer offering provides members with access to One Medical's primary-care network and digital tools. The membership proposition emphasizes easier scheduling, digital communication, virtual-care access where available, and continuity with primary-care teams. Membership does not replace all insurance or necessarily cover every clinical charge; its role is to provide enhanced access and service around primary care.
In-person primary care · 2007
One Medical clinics
One Medical operates branded primary-care offices in multiple United States markets. Clinics provide routine appointments, preventive services, treatment for common illnesses, chronic-condition support, and coordination with specialists or other parts of the healthcare system. The offices are designed around a consumer-facing experience intended to make primary care more convenient and accessible.
Digital health
One Medical digital and virtual care
The brand's website and mobile application support functions such as appointment scheduling, patient communication, health information, and online or virtual encounters. Digital access is a central part of One Medical's differentiation from traditional primary-care practices and allows the service to maintain contact with patients outside physical office visits.
Value-based primary care · 2021
Iora Health services
Following the 2021 acquisition of Iora Health, One Medical expanded into care models serving older adults and populations managed through value-based arrangements. These services broadened the company's clinical and payer-facing capabilities beyond its original consumer membership and employer offerings.
Pay-per-visit digital care · 2024
Amazon Clinic pay-per-visit services within One Medical
Amazon Clinic's pay-per-visit services were integrated with One Medical in 2024. The combined offering adds a transactional access route to the brand, allowing consumers to use certain digital healthcare services without relying solely on the traditional recurring membership model.
Controversies
2021
COVID-19 vaccine distribution controversy
During the early vaccine rollout, One Medical faced allegations that it had vaccinated ineligible people in several states, encouraged vaccine seekers to purchase paid memberships, and gave early access to people with insider connections. A congressional investigation concluded that the company had sought financial advantage from its vaccine access and had not consistently distributed vaccines equitably.
Marketing campaigns
- 2023Amazon Prime One Medical membership promotion
United States
Amazon promoted discounted One Medical memberships to Amazon Prime customers after completing the acquisition. The initiative connected One Medical's primary-care service with Amazon's existing subscription ecosystem.
Outcome. One Medical became more directly embedded in Amazon's consumer-membership strategy.
Brand decisions
2024
Integrate Amazon Clinic with One MedicalStrategyBackground
Amazon had operated Amazon Clinic as a separate pay-per-visit healthcare service.
Action taken
Amazon integrated Amazon Clinic's pay-per-visit services into One Medical.
Aftermath
The brand gained a combined membership and pay-per-visit access model.
2023
Link One Medical to Amazon PrimeStrategyBackground
After the acquisition, Amazon sought to use its subscription platform to increase consumer access to One Medical.
Action taken
Amazon began offering discounted One Medical memberships to Prime customers.
Aftermath
The promotion positioned One Medical as part of Amazon's broader consumer healthcare portfolio.
2022
Accept Amazon acquisition offerM&ABackground
Amazon agreed to acquire One Medical amid interest from other potential buyers, including CVS Health, and increasing attention to technology-enabled healthcare.
Action taken
One Medical accepted Amazon's all-cash acquisition agreement, announced in July 2022.
Aftermath
The deal underwent federal and state scrutiny and closed in February 2023.
Announced transaction value. $3.9 billion (Announced July 2022; completed February 22, 2023)
2021
Acquire Iora HealthM&ABackground
One Medical sought to expand its primary-care platform and participate more deeply in value-based care, including services for older adults.
Action taken
The company acquired Iora Health in September 2021.
Aftermath
The transaction broadened One Medical's clinical and population-health capabilities.
Recent events
- 2024
Amazon Clinic services are integrated with One Medical[1]
Product generation
Amazon integrated its Amazon Clinic pay-per-visit healthcare services with One Medical, broadening the brand's access model beyond membership-only care.
- 2023
Amazon completes acquisition of One Medical[1]
M&A
Amazon formally completed its acquisition of One Medical on February 22, 2023, after the FTC declined to challenge the transaction before closing.
- 2023
Amazon offers discounted One Medical memberships to Prime customers[1]
Pricing
Amazon began offering discounted One Medical memberships to Amazon Prime members, linking the healthcare service more closely to its subscription ecosystem.
- 2022
Amazon agrees to acquire One Medical[1]
M&A
Amazon announced an all-cash agreement to acquire One Medical for approximately $3.9 billion, subject to regulatory review.
- 2022
Federal Trade Commission reviews Amazon's One Medical acquisition[1]
Regulation · M&A
A filing by 1Life Healthcare disclosed that the FTC had opened an investigation into the proposed acquisition. The review included potential competition and privacy concerns.
- 2022
Oregon approves the proposed acquisition after preliminary review[1]
Regulation · M&A
The Oregon Health Authority preliminarily concluded that the transaction was not likely to substantially reduce affordable healthcare in the state and approved the deal.
- 2021
One Medical acquires Iora Health[1]
M&A
One Medical acquired Iora Health, expanding its presence in primary care for older adults and in value-based care models.
- 2020
One Medical begins trading on Nasdaq[1]
Other
One Medical's parent company, 1Life Healthcare, began trading publicly on the Nasdaq stock exchange on January 31, 2020.
Sources2 sources
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