Novavax

Novavax, Inc. is a biotechnology company headquartered in Gaithersburg, Maryland, that develops vaccines and vaccine-enabling technologies for infectious diseases. Established in 1987, the company spent much of its history as a development-stage biotechnology enterprise, pursuing recombinant protein vaccines and adjuvants rather than building a broad portfolio of marketed medicines. Its principal technology platform combines genetically engineered proteins assembled into nanoparticles with Matrix-M, a saponin-based adjuvant designed to strengthen and broaden immune responses. The company’s best-known product is its protein-based COVID-19 vaccine, developed under the working name NVX-CoV2373 and commercialized under names including Nuvaxovid and Covovax. Unlike messenger-RNA vaccines, the product uses a recombinant version of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein formulated with Matrix-M. The vaccine received emergency, provisional, conditional, or full marketing authorizations in multiple jurisdictions beginning in late 2021 and became an additional global vaccine option, particularly for people seeking a non-mRNA product. In the United States, the vaccine initially operated under emergency-use authorization; the FDA revoked that EUA on August 27, 2025, while confirming that Nuvaxovid was approved for specified populations under a biologics license. The U.S. approval covers adults aged 65 and older and individuals aged 12 through 64 with at least one underlying condition that places them at high risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes. Novavax’s development history includes both important successes and costly setbacks. Its respiratory syncytial virus program, later known as ResVax, produced encouraging immunogenicity and efficacy signals in earlier studies but failed to meet the primary endpoint in the large Phase 3 Resolve trial in 2016. A second late-stage failure in 2019 further weakened investor confidence and led to restructuring, workforce reductions, and a reverse stock split intended to preserve Nasdaq listing compliance. The company also developed NanoFlu, a quadrivalent influenza candidate that completed Phase 2 testing successfully and received FDA fast-track designation in 2020, although the program was later deprioritized as Novavax concentrated on COVID-19 and partnership opportunities. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Novavax attracted substantial public and philanthropic support. The Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations provided hundreds of millions of dollars for vaccine development and manufacturing preparation, while the U.S. government awarded up to $1.6 billion through Operation Warp Speed in July 2020. Novavax worked with manufacturing and distribution partners including the Serum Institute of India, Takeda Pharmaceutical, SK bioscience, and other contract manufacturers. Production scale-up and regulatory manufacturing requirements delayed the vaccine’s U.S. filing compared with earlier expectations, but the vaccine ultimately gained broad international authorization. Following the pandemic, Novavax began moving from a vertically integrated vaccine developer toward a more focused, partnership-led business. In May 2024, it entered into a major agreement with Sanofi covering co-commercialization of its COVID-19 vaccine, development of COVID-influenza combination vaccines, and licensing of Matrix-M for additional Sanofi products. The agreement provided an upfront payment, potential milestones, equity investment, and royalties. Novavax also sold its Czech Republic manufacturing campus to Novo Nordisk for $200 million in December 2024, supporting a leaner operating model. In January 2026, it licensed Matrix-M to Pfizer for use in up to two infectious-disease areas, adding another major pharmaceutical partner to its adjuvant strategy. Novavax’s current business scope centers on Nuvaxovid, Matrix-M licensing, partner-led commercialization, and a smaller research pipeline. Its own early-stage programs include candi…

Novavax was incorporated in Delaware in 1987 as a biotechnology company focused on developing differentiated vaccines. Its early work emphasized recombinant proteins, vaccine antigens, and delivery systems rather than the conventional whole-pathogen approaches used by many established vaccine manufacturers. Over time, the company developed expertise in producing proteins that could be organized into virus-like or nanoparticle structures intended to present antigens efficiently to the immune system. A major expansion of the platform occurred in June 2013, when Novavax acquired Swedish company Isconova AB for approximately $30 million. The acquired business became Novavax AB and brought the Matrix-M adjuvant platform into the company. Matrix-M is based on saponins derived from the Quillaja saponaria tree and is designed to enhance immune activation when combined with vaccine antigens. The Swedish subsidiary became an important center for adjuvant research and technology development. During the middle of the 2010s, Novavax pursued several infectious-disease programs. In 2015, it completed a Phase 1 Ebola vaccine study and reported progress in adult respiratory syncytial virus research. Its RSV candidate, ResVax, used a recombinant F-protein nanoparticle and Matrix-M-related adjuvant technology. The program attracted external support, including an $89 million grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to investigate maternal immunization intended to protect infants through transferred antibodies. The RSV program became a defining setback. In 2016, Novavax reported results from the large Phase 3 Resolve trial in approximately 12,000 adults. The trial did not meet its primary efficacy goal. The result caused a severe decline in the company's market value and forced management to reduce costs, restructure operations, eliminate approximately 30 percent of the workforce, and reconsider the development path for ResVax. A second late-stage failure in 2019 further damaged confidence in the company and contributed to a reverse stock split designed to maintain Nasdaq listing requirements. The period left Novavax with limited commercial infrastructure and a pressing need for new financing and a viable lead program. Novavax also advanced NanoFlu, a quadrivalent recombinant influenza vaccine candidate. NanoFlu completed a successful Phase 2 study in 2019, received FDA fast-track designation in January 2020, and moved into Phase 3 testing. The program demonstrated the company's continuing interest in protein-based vaccine design, but its priority changed rapidly as SARS-CoV-2 emerged. In January 2020, Novavax announced development of NVX-CoV2373, a recombinant nanoparticle vaccine candidate containing the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and Matrix-M adjuvant. The company entered a competitive global development effort involving government agencies, nonprofit organizations, contract manufacturers, and pharmaceutical partners. CEPI provided early development and manufacturing support, ultimately committing hundreds of millions of dollars. In July 2020, the U.S. government announced up to $1.6 billion in Operation Warp Speed funding for clinical development, commercial-scale manufacturing, and delivery planning. The COVID-19 program achieved strong efficacy results but encountered manufacturing and regulatory delays. Novavax relied on a network of partners, including the Serum Institute of India, Takeda Pharmaceutical, SK bioscience, and other contract organizations, for production, filling, testing, and distribution. In 2021, Phase 3 studies reported high efficacy against symptomatic disease, and the vaccine began receiving international authorizations. The product was marketed as Nuvaxovid in many markets and as Covovax in India and other markets where the Serum Institute supplied and commercialized it. The WHO emergency-use listing for Covovax in December 2021 supported distribution through COVAX. The European Union authorized Nuvaxovid at the end of 2021, Canada authorized it in February 2022, and the FDA issued U.S. emergency-use authorization in July 2022. Updated formulations subsequently addressed circulating variants, including XBB.1.5 and later JN.1-based formulations. The product offered a protein-based alternative to mRNA vaccines, but commercial uptake was affected by the later arrival of the vaccine, the changing epidemiology of COVID-19, competition from established products, and manufacturing complexity. The company's pandemic contracting also generated disputes. Gavi and Novavax entered into an advance purchase agreement for doses intended for lower-income countries, but demand, delivery, and contractual expectations changed as the pandemic evolved. The parties settled the dispute in February 2024. Novavax also entered into a settlement with the UK Health Security Agency in 2024 concerning a United Kingdom vaccine supply agreement. Separately, investors filed securities litigation alleging that the company had overstated manufacturing readiness and regulatory prospects during 2021; the allegations were contested. Beginning in 2023 and accelerating in 2024, Novavax adopted a leaner, partnership-oriented strategy. The company sought to reduce operating expenses, rely more heavily on external manufacturing, and monetize its vaccine technology and adjuvant. In May 2024, it signed a broad agreement with Sanofi covering joint commercialization of its COVID-19 vaccine, combination COVID-influenza development, and licensing of Matrix-M for additional Sanofi vaccines. In December 2024, it completed the sale of its Czech manufacturing campus to Novo Nordisk for $200 million, transferring the facility and related operations while reducing fixed costs. The partnership strategy expanded in 2025 and 2026. Novavax reported milestone achievements under its Sanofi agreement, while Sanofi advanced combination-vaccine programs. In January 2026, Pfizer licensed Matrix-M for use in up to two infectious-disease areas, creating another potential long-term royalty stream. Novavax continued preclinical work involving C. difficile, shingles, RSV combinations, influenza, and other applications, while identifying opportunities to use Matrix-M in broader vaccine and potentially oncology settings. A parallel development was the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine, created by the University of Oxford's Jenner Institute and manufactured by the Serum Institute of India. The World Health Organization prequalified the vaccine in December 2023, and first commercial doses were administered in Côte d'Ivoire and South Sudan in July 2024. By early 2026, the vaccine was available in 24 countries. Novavax supplies Matrix-M for the program and receives commercial royalties under its agreement with the Serum Institute. The malaria program illustrates the company's transition from relying primarily on its own late-stage pipeline to generating value through technology embedded in partner products. By 2026, Novavax remained an active public biotechnology company with Nuvaxovid as its principal marketed vaccine, Matrix-M as its central platform asset, and a business model increasingly based on licensing, royalties, partner-led development, and selective internal research.

1. 2026Pfizer licenses Matrix-M

   Pfizer obtains a non-exclusive license to use Matrix-M in vaccine development for up to two infectious-disease areas.

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2. 2025Nuvaxovid receives U.S. biologics license approval

   The FDA approves Nuvaxovid for adults aged 65 and older and certain high-risk individuals aged 12 through 64.

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3. 2024Sanofi licensing and co-commercialization agreement

   Novavax and Sanofi agree to co-commercialize the COVID-19 vaccine, develop combination vaccines, and license Matrix-M for additional Sanofi products.

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4. 2024R21/Matrix-M commercial rollout begins

   First commercial doses of the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine are administered in Côte d'Ivoire and South Sudan.

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5. 2024Czech manufacturing campus sold to Novo Nordisk

   Novavax completes the sale of its Czech biologics manufacturing campus to Novo Nordisk for $200 million.

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6. 2023R21/Matrix-M receives WHO prequalification

   The WHO prequalifies the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine developed by Oxford and manufactured by the Serum Institute of India.

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7. 2022U.S. FDA authorizes Novavax COVID-19 vaccine

   The FDA grants emergency-use authorization for the Novavax COVID-19 Vaccine, Adjuvanted, for adults aged 18 and older.

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8. 2021Positive Phase 3 COVID-19 efficacy data

   Novavax reports high efficacy in its Phase 3 COVID-19 trial conducted in the United States and Mexico.

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9. 2021WHO emergency-use listing for Covovax

   The WHO grants emergency-use listing to Covovax, manufactured by the Serum Institute of India, enabling procurement through COVAX.

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10. 2020COVID-19 vaccine program begins

    Novavax announces development of NVX-CoV2373, a recombinant spike-protein nanoparticle vaccine formulated with Matrix-M.

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11. 2020Operation Warp Speed awards up to $1.6 billion

    The U.S. government provides up to $1.6 billion to support clinical development, manufacturing scale-up, and delivery planning for Novavax's COVID-19 vaccine candidate.

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12. 2019Second late-stage ResVax failure and reverse stock split

    A second late-stage RSV failure sharply reduces investor confidence and contributes to a reverse stock split intended to preserve Nasdaq listing compliance.

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13. 2019NanoFlu completes Phase 2

    Novavax reports successful Phase 2 results for NanoFlu, its quadrivalent recombinant influenza vaccine candidate.

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14. 2016Resolve Phase 3 RSV trial fails

    The large Phase 3 Resolve trial of ResVax fails to meet its primary endpoint, producing a major setback for Novavax and prompting restructuring and workforce reductions.

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15. 2015RSV and Ebola programs advance

    Novavax completes an early Ebola vaccine study and reports progress in clinical development of its RSV vaccine candidate, later known as ResVax.

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16. 2015Gates Foundation supports maternal RSV vaccine research

    The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation provides an $89 million grant to support development of an RSV vaccine intended to protect infants through maternal immunization.

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17. 2013Acquisition of Isconova and Matrix-M platform

    Novavax acquires Swedish company Isconova AB, renames it Novavax AB, and adds the Matrix-M adjuvant platform to its technology portfolio.

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18. 1987Novavax is incorporated

    Novavax is incorporated under Delaware law and begins operating as a biotechnology company developing experimental vaccines.

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A protein-based vaccine technology company focused on recombinant nanoparticle vaccines, Matrix-M adjuvant licensing, and partnership-led development and commercialization.

• NuvaxovidCOVID-19 vaccine2021

  Nuvaxovid is Novavax's recombinant protein-based COVID-19 vaccine. It uses a nanoparticle presentation of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein together with the Matrix-M adjuvant. The product has been marketed under different names and regulatory arrangements across jurisdictions, including Nuvaxovid in many markets and Covovax when manufactured and commercialized by the Serum Institute of India. Its regulatory status has evolved from emergency, provisional, or conditional authorizations to biologics license approval for specified U.S. populations.

• CovovaxCOVID-19 vaccine2021

  Covovax is the regional brand used for the Novavax COVID-19 vaccine manufactured by the Serum Institute of India. It supported international supply, including distribution through the COVAX mechanism, after receiving WHO emergency-use listing in December 2021. The product uses the same core recombinant protein and Matrix-M technology as Novavax's Nuvaxovid vaccine, subject to local manufacturing, labeling, and regulatory arrangements.

• Matrix-MVaccine adjuvant platform2013

  Matrix-M is Novavax's proprietary saponin-based adjuvant platform. It is produced through Novavax's Swedish operations and is designed to enhance immune responses to recombinant protein antigens. Matrix-M is used in Nuvaxovid and is also supplied or licensed to partners, including the Serum Institute of India for the R21 malaria vaccine, Sanofi for additional vaccine applications, and Pfizer for research and development in up to two infectious-disease areas.

• R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccineMalaria vaccine partnership product2024

  R21/Matrix-M is a malaria vaccine developed by the University of Oxford's Jenner Institute and manufactured by the Serum Institute of India. Novavax supplies the Matrix-M adjuvant and receives royalties under its commercial arrangement with the Serum Institute. The WHO prequalified the vaccine in December 2023, and commercial deployment began in Africa during 2024.

• NanoFluInfluenza vaccine candidate

  NanoFlu is a quadrivalent recombinant nanoparticle influenza vaccine candidate. It completed Phase 2 testing successfully in 2019 and received FDA fast-track designation in January 2020 before entering Phase 3 development. The program demonstrated Novavax's platform approach to influenza vaccination, although later corporate strategy placed greater emphasis on COVID-19, partnerships, and cost reduction.

• ResVaxRespiratory syncytial virus vaccine candidate

  ResVax was Novavax's respiratory syncytial virus vaccine program, using recombinant F-protein nanoparticle technology and an adjuvant approach. Early studies generated encouraging immune and efficacy signals, but the Phase 3 Resolve trial in adults failed to meet its primary endpoint in 2016. A later late-stage study also failed in 2019, and the program was not commercialized.

• COVID-19-influenza combination vaccine candidateCombination vaccine candidate

  Novavax developed a combination vaccine concept intended to protect against COVID-19 and seasonal influenza using its protein-based COVID-19 vaccine technology. Under the Sanofi agreement, Sanofi received rights to develop combination products using Novavax's COVID-19 vaccine and Sanofi's influenza vaccines, while Novavax retained rights to its own combination candidate. Novavax later stated that it was seeking a partner for further advancement of the program.

• C. difficile, shingles, and RSV candidatesEarly-stage vaccine pipeline

  Novavax has reported preclinical or early-stage work involving vaccines for Clostridioides difficile infection, varicella-zoster virus, respiratory syncytial virus combinations, and other infectious diseases. By 2026, the company had reduced internal investment in several programs and intended to use partnerships and selective development to determine which candidates could enter clinical testing.

• 2024Sanofi protein-vaccine partnership

  Global markets

  Novavax and Sanofi announced a broad commercial and technology partnership covering co-commercialization of the COVID-19 vaccine, development of COVID-influenza combination products, and licensing of Matrix-M for additional Sanofi vaccines.

  Outcome. The agreement shifted Novavax toward a partnership-led model, providing cash, potential milestones, royalties, and a route to broader use of Matrix-M.

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• 2024R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine rollout

  Africa · Malaria-endemic countries

  Novavax's Matrix-M adjuvant was incorporated into the R21 malaria vaccine developed by Oxford and manufactured by the Serum Institute of India. Following WHO prequalification, the vaccine entered commercial use in Africa.

  Outcome. The program created a significant partner-led application for Matrix-M and expanded Novavax's relevance beyond COVID-19 vaccines.

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• 2021COVAX Covovax rollout

  Low- and middle-income countries · Global COVAX markets

  Novavax and the Serum Institute of India supported global access to the protein-based COVID-19 vaccine under the Covovax brand. The WHO emergency-use listing enabled procurement through COVAX.

  Outcome. Covovax became an additional COVAX vaccine option, although later demand shifts, manufacturing delays, and contractual disputes affected the scale and timing of supply.

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• 2020Operation Warp Speed COVID-19 vaccine program

  United States

  Novavax's COVID-19 vaccine became part of the U.S. government's Operation Warp Speed portfolio. Federal support was directed toward clinical testing, commercial-scale manufacturing, and preparation for delivery of large quantities of vaccine.

  Outcome. The program helped finance development and manufacturing scale-up, although Novavax's regulatory filing and commercial launch occurred later than initially expected.

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• 2026License Matrix-M to PfizerOther

  Novavax sought additional applications and partners for Matrix-M after reducing investment in several internally developed late-stage vaccine programs.

  What changed. Novavax granted Pfizer a non-exclusive license to use Matrix-M in vaccine development for up to two infectious-disease areas, with Novavax supplying the adjuvant.

  Aftermath. The agreement created potential milestone and royalty revenue and reinforced Matrix-M as Novavax's principal platform asset.

  Upfront payment and potential development and sales milestones. $30 million upfront payment and up to $500 million in potential additional milestones, plus tiered high-mid-single-digit royalties (Agreement entered January 15, 2026)

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• 2024Enter Sanofi licensing and co-commercialization agreementM&A

  Novavax sought to reduce fixed costs, expand commercial reach, and monetize its COVID-19 vaccine and Matrix-M platform through a major pharmaceutical partner.

  What changed. Novavax granted Sanofi co-exclusive rights to commercialize its COVID-19 vaccine, rights to develop combination products, and a non-exclusive license to use Matrix-M in additional vaccines.

  Aftermath. The agreement supplied cash, equity investment, milestone opportunities, and royalties while moving Novavax toward a partnership-led operating model.

  Upfront payment and potential development, regulatory, launch, and sales milestones. Approximately $1.2 billion in upfront payment and potential milestones described at signing, plus royalties and additional product opportunities (Agreement announced May 10, 2024; terms subject to achievement of milestones)

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• 2024Sell Czech manufacturing campusStrategy

  Novavax was reducing its fixed manufacturing footprint and shifting toward external manufacturing and partner-led commercialization.

  What changed. Novavax sold its Bohumil, Czech Republic biologics manufacturing campus and related assets to Novo Nordisk.

  Aftermath. The transaction provided non-dilutive capital and was expected to reduce annual operating costs while transferring responsibility for the facility to Novo Nordisk.

  Sale proceeds. $200 million total consideration, including $190 million in 2024 and $10 million in 2025 (Completed December 30, 2024)

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• 2020Launch NVX-CoV2373 development programProduct launch

  The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 created an urgent global need for vaccines and an opportunity to apply Novavax's recombinant nanoparticle and Matrix-M technologies.

  What changed. Novavax began developing NVX-CoV2373, later commercialized as Nuvaxovid and Covovax, and established a global network of government, nonprofit, manufacturing, and distribution partners.

  Aftermath. The program became Novavax's first widely authorized vaccine and transformed the company from a development-stage biotechnology business into a commercial vaccine supplier.

  Government and philanthropic development and manufacturing support. Up to $1.6 billion from Operation Warp Speed, plus substantial CEPI support (2020)

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• 2016Restructure after Phase 3 RSV failureStrategy

  The Resolve Phase 3 trial of ResVax failed to meet its primary endpoint, causing a severe loss of investor confidence and increasing pressure on Novavax's cash position.

  What changed. Novavax adopted a cost-reduction and restructuring program, including workforce reductions, greater focus on ResVax development options, and initiation of work on a Zika vaccine.

  Aftermath. A second late-stage RSV failure in 2019 led to further strategic retrenchment and contributed to a reverse stock split.

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• 2022COVID-19 manufacturing delays and regulatory scrutinyControversy

  Novavax faced public and investor criticism over delays in demonstrating consistent commercial-scale manufacturing and completing regulatory submissions for its COVID-19 vaccine. These issues contributed to delayed access in the United States and legal claims concerning earlier company statements.

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• 2021Securities litigation over COVID-19 manufacturing and regulatory disclosuresControversy

  Investors filed a purported securities class action alleging that Novavax and certain senior executives made misleading statements about the company's ability to manufacture its COVID-19 vaccine at commercial scale and obtain regulatory approval on anticipated timelines. The company contested the allegations, and the court dismissed some claims while allowing other claims to proceed at an earlier stage of the litigation.

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• 2026Novavax licenses Matrix-M to Pfizer

  Novavax entered into a non-exclusive license agreement with Pfizer for Matrix-M use in vaccine development in up to two infectious-disease areas, with an upfront payment, potential milestones, and royalties.

  M&AOther
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• 2026Novavax reports progress under Sanofi partnership

  Novavax reported that it earned $225 million in Sanofi-related milestones during 2025 and that Sanofi was advancing influenza-COVID combination programs.

  M&AProduct generation
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• 2025Novavax receives U.S. biologics license approval for Nuvaxovid in specified populations

  The FDA approved Nuvaxovid for adults aged 65 and older and for people aged 12 through 64 with an underlying condition associated with high risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes.

  RegulationProduct launch
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• 2025FDA revokes emergency-use authorization for the prior Novavax COVID-19 vaccine presentation

  On August 27, 2025, the FDA revoked the EUA for the Novavax COVID-19 Vaccine, Adjuvanted while noting that Nuvaxovid manufactured for Novavax was approved for use under a biologics license.

  RegulationProduct generation
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• 2024Novavax sells Czech manufacturing campus to Novo Nordisk

  Novavax completed the sale of its biologics manufacturing campus in Bohumil, Czech Republic, to Novo Nordisk for $200 million and expected substantial annual operating-cost reductions.

  M&A
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• 2024Novavax and Sanofi announce strategic licensing and co-commercialization agreement

  The agreement covered co-commercialization of Novavax's COVID-19 vaccine, development of combination vaccines, and non-exclusive licensing of Matrix-M for Sanofi products.

  M&AProduct launch
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• 2024Novavax and Gavi settle COVID-19 vaccine advance-purchase dispute

  Novavax and Gavi reached a settlement terminating their advance purchase agreement and resolving related arbitration proceedings.

  LawsuitOther
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• 2024Novavax and UK Health Security Agency terminate vaccine supply agreement

  The parties entered into a termination and settlement agreement concerning the United Kingdom's COVID-19 vaccine supply arrangements.

  LawsuitOther
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• 2022Novavax COVID-19 vaccine receives FDA authorization for adults

  The FDA issued emergency-use authorization for the Novavax COVID-19 Vaccine, Adjuvanted, for adults aged 18 and older.

  RegulationProduct launch
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• 2021WHO lists Covovax for emergency use

  The World Health Organization granted emergency-use listing to Covovax, the Novavax vaccine manufactured by the Serum Institute of India, enabling use through the COVAX program.

  RegulationProduct launch
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• 2021Novavax reports positive Phase 3 COVID-19 efficacy results

  Novavax reported high efficacy in its large North American Phase 3 trial, supporting later regulatory submissions for its protein-based COVID-19 vaccine.

  Product launchProduct generation
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• 2020Novavax receives Operation Warp Speed funding

  The U.S. government selected Novavax for up to $1.6 billion in Operation Warp Speed funding to support clinical development, manufacturing scale-up, and delivery of its COVID-19 vaccine candidate.

  Other
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1. Novavax official website
2. Novavax leadership
3. Novavax 2025 Form 10-K
4. FDA Nuvaxovid product page
5. FDA Novavax COVID-19 vaccine regulatory page
6. Novavax and Sanofi licensing agreement
7. Novavax Czech manufacturing facility sale
8. Novavax 2025 financial results and 2026 Matrix-M partnership update
9. WHO emergency-use listing for Covovax
10. WHO prequalification of R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine
11. Wikipedia: Novavax
12. Novavax is incorporated
13. Second late-stage ResVax failure and reverse stock split
14. COVID-19 vaccine program begins
15. Operation Warp Speed awards up to $1.6 billion
16. Positive Phase 3 COVID-19 efficacy data
17. U.S. FDA authorizes Novavax COVID-19 vaccine
18. Securities litigation over COVID-19 manufacturing and regulatory disclosures
19. Novavax and Gavi settle COVID-19 vaccine advance-purchase dispute
20. Novavax and UK Health Security Agency terminate vaccine supply agreement