UAZ-452

The UAZ SGR, short for Staryy Gruzovoy Ryad (, old freight lineup), formerly known as UAZ-450 (1958–1965) and UAZ-452 (1965–1985), is a family of four wheel drive off-road vans and light trucks with body-on-frame construction and cab over engine design, built by the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant (UAZ) since 1958. Originally designed for the Soviet Armed Forces, since 1985 the vans received updates: more modern engines and internationally compliant lighting, as well as new model numbers, UAZ-3741 for the standard van, while (crew-cab) trucks mostly starting with UAZ-3303, often with one or two extra digits specifying the version. From around 1996, bigger UAZ-33036 truck variants with a 25 cm (10 in) longer wheelbase, and taller soft-top roof bows and drop-sides were added.

Overview

The original UAZ-450 (produced between 1958 and 1966), was based on the chassis and engine of the four-wheel drive light truck GAZ-69, and was the first "forward control" vehicle of this type to be built in Russia or anywhere else in the Soviet Union.[1] The UAZ-450 was lightly revised and simplified, resulting in the UAZ-452.[2] Because of the external similarities to a loaf of bread, the van became known as Буханка (bukhanka, or 'loaf' in

History

Vehicles produced between 1965 and 1979 were equipped with old-style lights: turn signal lights were colorless (white), rear lights were round, and the back of the body was rounder. Subsequent post-1979 models got amber (yellow) signal lights, and rear lights were slightly bigger and rectangular.

In 1985 the van was upgraded and spun off into separate submodels: UAZ-39625, UAZ-3962, UAZ-3303, UAZ-3909 and UAZ-2206. The upgrade consisted of lighting fixtures that met modern international requirements, alarms, a new instrument panel, and a new speedometer. The brakes were redesigned. The engine was also upgraded, and its power output increased to 99 hp against the previous 78 hp.

In the early 2000s, the model was given new plastic side mirrors taken from the GAZ GAZelle van, headrests on front seats; and new passenger seats for a minibus version (UAZ-2206) were also given headrests. The pickup truck (UAZ-3303) was fitted with a metal body instead of a wooden one.

In subsequent years, the engine was upgraded to meet modern emissions requirements, and the van was also fitted with an injury-reducing plastic steering wheel.

In March 2011, models UAZ-39625, UAZ-3962, and UAZ-2206 received upgrades, consisting of ABS brakes, power steering, seat belts and the Euro-4 engine as standard equipment.

As of 2024 it is the oldest vehicle design in production.[5]

During the Russian invasion of Ukraine mounting losses of supply and utility vehicles in the Russian military faster than they could be replaced resulted in UAZ-452 loaf vans being deployed to the frontlines. Despite some rugged off-road features, its lack of shock absorbers, poor comfort and weak engine made its performance extremely poor and an easy target for drones. Its thin steel panels do not provide protection against drone strikes, and the fuel tanks under the vehicle on both flanks make it susceptible to catching fire. By 2024 destroyed Bukhankas became a common sight in Ukraine and, as a result, Russian troops have attempted to reinforce the vans with caged armour. [6][7] More desperate modifications, such as covering the vans in Kontakt reactive armor including its windshield were observed. Unlike the thick armour of tanks the van is not capable of handling the explosive charge within the ERA blocks and the modifications make it more dangerous for the crew.[8]

Modifications

Former

UAZ-452 variants:

UAZ-452 – van, the main version
UAZ-452A – ambulance, called Санитарка (Sanitarka, lit. 'female paramedic'), popularly nicknamed the Таблетка (Tabletka, "tablet" or "pill"). The van can seat up to 4 stretchers or 6 on the benches and one accompanying both. The vehicle is not comfortable for people on the move, as suspension in the submodel remained that of the standard model, but this van was, and in many places is still the only ambulance vehicle that can reach some of the most remote places.[9]
UAZ-452AS – ambulance for arctic areas
UAZ-452AE – chassis cab for installation of various equipment
UAZ-452V – convertible van wagon
UAZ-452D – truck with double cab and wooden body (cutaway-van chassis)
UAZ-452DG – experimental 6×6 version
UAZ-452G – ambulance with different capacity from the UAZ-452A
UAZ-452K – experimental 16-seater three-axle bus (6×4) (1973)
UAZ-452P – tractor

Current

List of current UAZ-452 models:[10]

UAZ-2206 – 6 to 11 seat minibus
UAZ–22069 – a modification of the UAZ-2206 with a 98-horsepower engine UMZ-4218.10, increasing to 2.9 liters volume. Rough terrain buses provide permanent all-wheel drive and increased ground clearance. Maximum speed of 110–125 km/h.
UAZ-3303 (UAZ-452D) Голова́стик Golovastik ('tadpole') – pickup truck with a 2-person all-metal cab
UAZ-3741 – all-metal cargo van capable of carrying loads up to 850 kg
UAZ-3909 – Фермер ("Farmer"), Combi which carries 6 passengers and 450 kg of cargo; the rear compartment is separated from the front (driver's) row with a window.
UAZ-3909i – military ambulance with a red cross on the roof and bonnet
UAZ-3962 – Tabletka ("Tablet") ambulance, can accommodate up to 9 people or equivalent load.
UAZ-39625 – strict passenger and cargo version of the UAZ-3962. Differs from the 3909 version in the fact that the 3909 version has real and stationary passenger seats, and a separate not glassed-in cargo compartment behind the passenger compartment; and a fully glazed version 39625 has seats installed in the cargo hold, and the sides have a hinged bench.

manufacturer	UAZ
aka	UAZ-2206 (minibus) UAZ-3303 (pickup) UAZ-3741 (van) UAZ-3909 (combi) UAZ-3962 (ambulance)
production	1958–present
class	Off-road vehicle
layout	Front-engine, four-wheel drive
engine	2445 cc UMZ-452 petrol I4
wheelbase	2300 mm
length	4360 mm
width	1940 mm
height	2090 mm
weight	1760 kg
successor	UAZ-3165 (cancelled) UAZ-3165 / 2970 (cancelled)
sp	us

Overview

History

Modifications

Former

Current

Users

Specifications

Gallery

See also

Bibliography

External links

References