Michael Mignola ([1] born September 16, 1960)[2] is an American comic book writer best known for creating Hellboy for Dark Horse Comics, part of a shared universe of titles including B.P.R.D., Abe Sapien, Lobster Johnson, and various spin-offs.He has also created other supernatural and paranormal themed titles for Dark Horse including Baltimore, Joe Golem, and The Amazing Screw-On Head.
Early life
Mike Mignola was born September 16, 1960.[2] He was raised Catholic.[3]
Career
Marvel and DC
Mignola was born in Berkeley, California.[4] He began his career in 1980 by illustrating spots in The Comic Reader.[5] His first published piece was in The Comic Reader #183, a spot illustration of Red Sonja (pg. 9). His first published front cover was The Comic Reader #196 in November 1981. In 1982 he graduated from the California College of the Arts with a BFA in Illustration.[6]
In 1987, he began working for DC Comics as well.He drew the Phantom Stranger[7] and World of Krypton limited series.[8] With writer Jim Starlin, Mignola produced the Cosmic Odyssey miniseries in 1988.[9] Mignola drew covers for several Batman stories, including "Batman: A Death in the Family"[10] and "Dark Knight, Dark City".[11] Writer Brian Augustyn and Mignola crafted the Gotham by Gaslight one-shot in 1989.[12]
In an early 2000s interview, Mignola was asked if his 1988 cover art and cover text for Batman #428 anticipated the telephone vote for the death of the second Robin (Jason Todd).Mignola responded:[13]
"'It's so amazing to me that people are still talking about that damn thing. I didn't know if he was going to live or die, because I did the cover ahead of time. So the idea was: I'll draw him dead, and if he lives, then it's just a cover of him being badly hurt. I've gotta say---I don't think I was giving it a lot of thought. I never imagined I'd be talking about it all these years later.'[13]"
When asked if fans continued to question him about that cover, he replied, "You know, it does crop up. When people talk about my career, that is one of the covers that a lot of people kind of go back to. I wish I had something profound to say about it. But at the time, it was just another job."[13] In contrast, Mignola did not address his cover illustration of the Joker, and the accompanying cover text, for Batman #429.His visual depiction of the Joker anticipated prospective advertisements for his work in Gotham by Gaslight, yet the cover text still adhered to the "Death in the Family" storyline.This Elseworlds Joker is only briefly discussed in Gotham by Gaslight as a man who married ten wealthy widows, poisoned all ten with strychnine, and then ingested the poison himself when police attempted an arrest, resulting in partial facial paralysis.Mignola included a black-and-white police sketch in Gotham by Gaslight that did not replicate his Batman #429 cover art, choosing instead to root that Elseworlds incarnation of the Joker in Conrad Veidt's 1928 portrayal of Gwynplaine for The Man Who Laughs.A scene from Tim Burton's Batman, released in June 1989 (United States), additionally featured Jack Nicholson's Joker in a top hat, but without a monocle.[14] Two years later, Jack Shaheen published an assessment of Islamophobia pervasive in Jim Starlin
Through the early 1990s Mignola worked on covers and backup features for various DC and Marvel Comics.[8] He collaborated twice with writer Howard Chaykin.In 1990–1991, they produced the Fafhrd and the Gray Mouser limited series for Epic Comics, with inker Al Williamson.This was followed with the Ironwolf: Fires of the Revolution graphic novel in 1992.[16]
Hellboy and related spinoffs
Hellboy
Prior to 1994 Mignola's career had been spent doing work-for-hire illustration for corporate publishers.That year, Dark Horse Comics released Hellboy: Seed of Destruction, Mignola's creator-owned project.Though he wrote the story himself, it was scripted by John Byrne.The next Hellboy story, The Wolves of Saint August, was completely written and drawn by Mignola.Since then all Hellboy stories have been written solely by Mignola with the exception of They That Go Down to the Sea in Ships, which was co-written by Joshua Dysart.
Makoma (2006) was the first Hellboy story not drawn by Mignola, featuring the art of Richard Corben. Corben would return to draw many flashback stories for the series. Other artists have also had a hand in drawing flashback stories including Jason Shawn Alexander, Kevin Nowlan and Scott Hampton.In 2007, following after 2005's The Island, British artist Duncan Fegredo took over art duties on the ongoing story arc of Hellboy from Darkness Calls onwards.
Mike Mignola returned as the full-time artist for Hellboy in 2012 for the series' conclusion, Hellboy in Hell.
Hellboy
Prior to 1994 Mignola's career had been spent doing work-for-hire illustration for corporate publishers.That year, Dark Horse Comics released Hellboy: Seed of Destruction, Mignola's creator-owned project.Though he wrote the story himself, it was scripted by John Byrne.The next Hellboy story, The Wolves of Saint August, was completely written and drawn by Mignola.Since then all Hellboy stories have been written solely by Mignola with the exception of They That Go Down to the Sea in Ships, which was co-written by Joshua Dysart.
Makoma (2006) was the first Hellboy story not drawn by Mignola, featuring the art of Richard Corben. Corben would return to draw many flashback stories for the series. Other artists have also had a hand in drawing flashback stories including Jason Shawn Alexander, Kevin Nowlan and Scott Hampton.In 2007, following after 2005's The Island, British artist Duncan Fegredo took over art duties on the ongoing story arc of Hellboy from Darkness Calls onwards.
Mike Mignola returned as the full-time artist for Hellboy in 2012 for the series' conclusion, Hellboy in Hell.[17]
Abe Sapien
In 1998 the first Hellboy spinoff, Abe Sapien, was launched.It was not written by Mike Mignola, but it did feature his Hellboy short story "Heads" as a back-up. Abe Sapien did not take off properly until a decade later in 2008's The Drowning. Since then it has had several short stories and beginning in 2013 it became an ongoing series with Scott Allie as the lead writer with Mignola.[18]
Lobster Johnson
Lobster Johnson was the next spinoff, debuting as a back-up feature in 1999's Box Full of Evil. The series got its own title later in 2007's Lobster Johnson: The Iron Prometheus. It returned again with the miniseries The Burning Hand in 2012, followed by various short stories.
B.P.R.D.
B.P.R.D. was the third spinoff, but it was the first one which was conceived to be more than just a one-off side story, but rather a series of stories.[19] It began with 2002's Hollow Earth, which continued on from Hellboy: Conqueror Worm. Beyond that followed a series of short stories designed to explore what the B.P.R.D. series could be. 2004's Plague of Frogs was the story that solidified what the series was, and would set the direction for future books to come, so much so that the first major story cycle is collected in omnibus editions titled B.P.R.D.: Plague of Frogs.A vast majority of the stories in this era were co-written with John Arcudi and drawn by Guy Davis.
B.P.R.D.: Hell on Earth is the main series continuing after the catastrophic events at the conclusion of the Plague of Frogs cycle. Guy Davis left the series in 2011 with the conclusion of Hell on Earth: Gods. Tyler Crook became the new ongoing artist beginning with Hell on Earth: Monsters, but he is joined by several regular artists, most notably James Harren and Laurence Campbell.
Continuing where Hell on Earth left off, The Devil You Know is written by Mike Mignola and Scott Allie with Laurence Campbell serving as the regular artist.
Sir Edward Grey, Witchfinder
Sir Edward Grey, Witchfinder (more commonly known simply as "Witchfinder") began with a teaser story in 2008's MySpace Dark Horse Presents #16, followed by a full miniseries in 2009.It follows the stories of the occult investigator, Sir Edward, agent of Queen Victoria.
Frankenstein
The Frankenstein began with Frankenstein Underground in 2015. Set in 1956, this miniseries follows Frankenstein (in the Hellboy Universe, the Frankenstein monster takes his father's name) as he ventures into the Pellucidar-like Hollow Earth.This also canonized Mary Shelley's novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. The series was further expanded in 2020 with Frankenstein Undone, a direct sequel to Shelley's novel.
Spinoff miniseries
Numerous spinoffs have been published that are set in the Hellboy universe:
Sledgehammer 44: Set in World War II, this series is about the Epimetheus Vril Energy Suit created by Doctor Helena Gallargas.
Frankenstein Underground: Set in 1956, this series follows the Frankenstein monster as he ventures into the Pellucidar-like Hollow Earth.
Rise of the Black Flame: Set in 1923, this series explores how Raimund Diestel became the Black Flame.
The Visitor: How & Why He Stayed: This series follows the life of an alien visitor set to kill the infant Hellboy in 1944.
Rasputin: The Voice of the Dragon: Set in 1941, this series follows Trevor Bruttenholm as he becomes an agent for the allied forces in World war II.
Koshchei the Deathless: Hellboy and Koshchei sit in a pub in Hell and chat.
The Outerverse
Baltimore began with a 2007 illustrated novel, and continued as a comic book series.It was created by Mike Mignola and Christopher Golden.
Like Baltimore, Joe Golem: Occult Detective began as an illustrated prose novel (2012's Joe Golem and the Drowning City) and later continued as a comic book series. It was created by Mike Mignola and Christopher Golden and exists in a shared universe with Baltimore called "The Outerverse".[20]
Style
Alan Moore has described Mignola's style as "German expressionism meets Jack Kirby".[21] His style has also been likened to an amalgamation of Hal Foster and Alex Toth.[22]
Film and television
Mignola worked as an illustrator for Francis Ford Coppola's 1992 movie Bram Stoker's Dracula.He was also the production designer for the Disney feature film Atlantis: The Lost Empire in 2001 and a concept artist for 2002's Blade II and Pixar's Brave.
Mignola was hired by Bruce Timm to provide character designs for Batman: The Animated Series in 1991.His redesign of Mr. Freeze was used for the series.[4]
Mignola's design of the 1880s Batman costume from the comic Batman: Gotham by Gaslight appeared in Batman: The Brave and the Bold.
Hellboy was made into a feature film in 2004 by director Guillermo del Toro.Mignola was closely involved with the movie's production, and a sequel was released in 2008.Hellboy has been made into two direct-to-video animated films, Sword of Storms in 2006 and Blood and Iron in 2007.
Mignola's The Amazing Screw-On Head debuted in 2006 on the Sci-Fi Channel, starring the voices of Paul Giamatti and David Hyde Pierce.[23]
Mignola worked on the script for the R-rated Hellboy reboot film (2019), that was directed by Neil Marshall, and starred David Harbour as Hellboy.[24] Mignola also co-wrote the screenplay for a 2024 reboot film titled Hellboy: The Crooked Man alongside Chris Golden.[25]
In 2022, Mignola's career was highlighted in the documentary Mike Mignola: Drawing Monsters.Directed by Kevin Konrad Hanna and Jim Demonakos, this documentary film explores Mignola's journey in creating the Hellboy series and features interviews with industry figures like Guillermo del Toro and Neil Gaiman. The documentary has been noted for its comprehensive portrayal of Mignola's impact on the worlds of comics and film.
Personal life
As of 2025, Mignola resides in New York City with his wife and daughter.[3]
Regarding the influence of his religious upbringing on his artwork, Mignola explained in a 2014 interview, "No, I don't believe in anything, really. Not on a conscious level. That is the beauty of it. I was raised Catholic. I was taught a bunch of stuff. I find religion fascinating, but at no time does any of that tie my hands. I get to play with stuff without getting too reverential. There's some Miltonian stuff to the geography of my Hell, the Hell I'm doing is much closer to the world I created in The Amazing Screw-On Head. It's this pile, this jumble of old buildings for the most part. It's entirely made out of everything I want to draw."[3]
Awards
1995:
Won "Best Writer/Artist" Eisner Award, for Hellboy: Seed of Destruction
Won "Best Graphic Album: Reprint" Eisner Award, for Hellboy: Seed of Destruction
World of Krypton (artist, script by John Byrne, inks by Rick Bryant, four-issue limited series, DC Comics, 1987–1988)
Cosmic Odyssey (artist, with writer Jim Starlin and inker Carlos Garzon, 1988, DC Comics, TPB, 226 pages, Titan Books, ISBN 1-84023-715-5, DC Comics ISBN 1-56389-051-8)[33]
Doctor Strange/Doctor Doom: Triumph and Torment (writer Roger Stern, art also by Mark Badger, 1989, Marvel Comics)
Batman:
Gotham by Gaslight (pencils, with writer Brian Augustyn, and with inks by P. Craig Russell, DC Comics Elseworlds, TPB, 48 pages, 1989, Titan, ISBN 1-85286-265-3, DC, ISBN 0-930289-67-6)
Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight #54: "Sanctum" (pencils and story, with writer Dan Raspler, with letterer Willie Schubert, and with coloring by Mark Chiarello, single issue, DC, 1993)
Wolverine: The Jungle Adventure (artist, with writer Walt Simonson and inker Bob Wiacek, single issue prestige format paperback, Marvel Comics, 1990)
Fafhrd and the Gray Mouser (artist, with writer Howard Chaykin and inker Al Williamson, four-issue limited series, Epic Comics, 1990–1991)[16] (re-issued in 2024)
Ted McKeever's Metropol #9-11 (artist, with Ted McKeever "The Resurrection of Eddy Current", three-part mini-series, Epic Comics, 1991)
Bram Stoker's Dracula: official movie adaptation (artist, with writer Roy Thomas and inker John Nyberg, four-issue mini-series Topps Comics 1992)
Ironwolf: Fires of the Revolution (art, with writers Howard Chaykin and John Francis Moore, and artist P. Craig Russell, 104 pages, 1992, Titan Books, ISBN 1-56389-065-8, DC Comics, ISBN 1-56389-065-8)[16][34]
Ray Bradbury Comics #4 - Short Story "The City" (with letterer Willie Schubert, anthology series, Topps Comics, 1993)
ZombieWorld: Champion of the Worms (writer, with art by Pat McEown, three-issue mini-series, 1997, Dark Horse, TPB, 80 pages, 1998, ISBN 1-56971-334-0, 2005, ISBN 1-59307-407-7)[35]
Jenny Finn: Doom Messiah (script, with art by Troy Nixey and Farel Dalrymple, TPB includes Jenny Finn #1–2, Oni Press, 1999, 128 pages, Boom! Studios, June 2008, ISBN 1-934506-14-1)[36]
The Amazing Screw-on Head and Other Curious Objects (Dark Horse, 2010) collecting:[37]
The Amazing Screw-On Head (one shot comic book, 2002)[38]
The Magician and the Snake (with Katie Mignola, published in Happy Endings anthology, 2002)[39]
Abu Gung and the Beanstalk (originally drawn 1998, redrawn and expanded for this collection)
The Witch and Her Soul (drawn for this collection)
The Prisoner of Mars (drawn for this collection)
In the Chapel of Curious Objects (drawn for this collection)
Baltimore (Dark Horse):
The Plague Ships (with Christopher Golden and Ben Stenbeck, 2010)
A Passing Stranger (with Christopher Golden and Ben Stenbeck for Free Comic Book Day, 2011)
The Curse Bells (with Christopher Golden and Ben Stenbeck, 2011)
Dr. Leskovar's Remedy (with Christopher Golden and Ben Stenbeck, 2012)
The Play (with Christopher Golden and Ben Stenbeck, 2012)
The Widow and the Tank (with Christopher Golden and Ben Stenbeck, 2013)
The Inquisitor (with Christopher Golden and Ben Stenbeck, 2013)
The Infernal Train (with Christopher Golden and Ben Stenbeck, 2013)
Chapel of Bones (with Christopher Golden and Ben Stenbeck, 2014)
The Witch of Harju (with Christopher Golden and Peter Bergting, 2014)
The Wolf and the Apostle (with Christopher Golden and Ben Stenbeck, 2014)
The Cult of the Red King (with Christopher Golden and Peter Bergting, 2015)
Empty Graves (with Christopher Golden and Peter Bergting, 2016)
The Red Kingdom (with Christopher Golden and Peter Bergting, 2017)
Joe Golem: Occult Detective (Dark Horse):
The Rat Catcher (with Christopher Golden and Patric Reynolds, 2015)
The Sunken Dead (with Christopher Golden and Patric Reynolds, 2016)
The Outer Dark (with Christopher Golden and Patric Reynolds, 2017)
Flesh and Blood (with Christopher Golden and Patric Reynolds, 2017)
The Drowning City (with Christopher Golden and Peter Bergting, 2018)
Mr. Higgins Comes Home (with Warwick Johnson-Cadwell, Dark Horse, 2017)[40]
Our Encounters with Evil & Other Stories Library Edition (with Warwick Johnson-Cadwell, Dark Horse, 2023)[41]
Lands Unknown (Dark Horse):
Bowling with Corpses & Other Strange Tales from Lands Unknown (2025)
Uri Tupka and the Gods (2026)
Lands Unknown: The Skinless Man (with Ben Stenbeck, 2026)
5.Mike Mignola Lambiek Comiclopedia, March 31, 2013^
6.Norrena, Jim. Spotlight: Mike Mignola California College of the Arts, retrieved February 9, 2012^
7.Robert Greenberger. The Paul Kupperberg Phantom Stranger Interview Back Issue!, TwoMorrows Publishing, October 2016^
8.{{gcdb|type=credit|search= Mike+Mignola|title= Mike Mignola}}^
9.Matthew K. Manning. DC Comics Year By Year A Visual Chronicle Dorling Kindersley, 2010^
10.Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 235: "Written by Jim Starlin, with art by Jim Aparo and haunting covers by Mike Mignola, 'A Death in the Family' proved a best seller with readers in both single-issue and trade paperback form."^
11.Matthew K. Manning. Batman: A Visual History Dorling Kindersley, 2014^
12.Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 241: "An 'alternate history of the Batman' was spawned in this dark prestige format one-shot by writer Brian Augustyn and artist Mike Mignola."^
13.Mark Voger. The Dark: Grim, Great & Gimmicky Post-Modern Comics TwoMorrows, 2006^
14.M. Keith Booker. Encyclopedia of Comic Books and Graphic Novels Greenwood Press, 2010^
15.Jack Shaheen. Jack Shaheen versus The Comic Book Arab The Link: Published by Americans for Middle East Understanding, Inc., November–December 1991^
16.Robert Greenberger. The Art of Howard Chaykin Dynamite Entertainment, 2012^
In 1998 the first Hellboy spinoff, Abe Sapien, was launched.It was not written by Mike Mignola, but it did feature his Hellboy short story "Heads" as a back-up. Abe Sapien did not take off properly until a decade later in 2008's The Drowning. Since then it has had several short stories and beginning in 2013 it became an ongoing series with Scott Allie as the lead writer with Mignola.[18]
Lobster Johnson
Lobster Johnson was the next spinoff, debuting as a back-up feature in 1999's Box Full of Evil. The series got its own title later in 2007's Lobster Johnson: The Iron Prometheus. It returned again with the miniseries The Burning Hand in 2012, followed by various short stories.
B.P.R.D.
B.P.R.D. was the third spinoff, but it was the first one which was conceived to be more than just a one-off side story, but rather a series of stories.[19] It began with 2002's Hollow Earth, which continued on from Hellboy: Conqueror Worm. Beyond that followed a series of short stories designed to explore what the B.P.R.D. series could be. 2004's Plague of Frogs was the story that solidified what the series was, and would set the direction for future books to come, so much so that the first major story cycle is collected in omnibus editions titled B.P.R.D.: Plague of Frogs.A vast majority of the stories in this era were co-written with John Arcudi and drawn by Guy Davis.
B.P.R.D.: Hell on Earth is the main series continuing after the catastrophic events at the conclusion of the Plague of Frogs cycle. Guy Davis left the series in 2011 with the conclusion of Hell on Earth: Gods. Tyler Crook became the new ongoing artist beginning with Hell on Earth: Monsters, but he is joined by several regular artists, most notably James Harren and Laurence Campbell.
Continuing where Hell on Earth left off, The Devil You Know is written by Mike Mignola and Scott Allie with Laurence Campbell serving as the regular artist.
Sir Edward Grey, Witchfinder
Sir Edward Grey, Witchfinder (more commonly known simply as "Witchfinder") began with a teaser story in 2008's MySpace Dark Horse Presents #16, followed by a full miniseries in 2009.It follows the stories of the occult investigator, Sir Edward, agent of Queen Victoria.
Frankenstein
The Frankenstein began with Frankenstein Underground in 2015. Set in 1956, this miniseries follows Frankenstein (in the Hellboy Universe, the Frankenstein monster takes his father's name) as he ventures into the Pellucidar-like Hollow Earth.This also canonized Mary Shelley's novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. The series was further expanded in 2020 with Frankenstein Undone, a direct sequel to Shelley's novel.
Spinoff miniseries
Numerous spinoffs have been published that are set in the Hellboy universe:
Sledgehammer 44: Set in World War II, this series is about the Epimetheus Vril Energy Suit created by Doctor Helena Gallargas.
Frankenstein Underground: Set in 1956, this series follows the Frankenstein monster as he ventures into the Pellucidar-like Hollow Earth.
Rise of the Black Flame: Set in 1923, this series explores how Raimund Diestel became the Black Flame.
The Visitor: How & Why He Stayed: This series follows the life of an alien visitor set to kill the infant Hellboy in 1944.
Rasputin: The Voice of the Dragon: Set in 1941, this series follows Trevor Bruttenholm as he becomes an agent for the allied forces in World war II.
Koshchei the Deathless: Hellboy and Koshchei sit in a pub in Hell and chat.
Goodbye Mr. Tod (1999)
Pancakes (1999)
Box Full of Evil (1999)
The Nature of the Beast (2000)
King Vold (2000)
Conqueror Worm (2001)
The Third Wish (2002)
Dr. Carp's Experiment (2003)
The Penanggalan (2004)
The Troll-Witch (2004)
The Ghoul (2005)
The Island (2005)
Makoma (with Richard Corben, 2006)
The Hydra and the Lion (2006)
They That Go Down to the Sea in Ships (with Joshua Dysart and Jason Shawn Alexander, 2007)
