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Dick Giordano

Richard Joseph Giordano (July 20, 1932[1] – March 27, 2010)[2] was an American comics artist and editor whose career included introducing Charlton Comics' "Action Heroes" stable of superheroes and serving as executive editor of DC Comics.

Early life

Dick Giordano, an only child, was born in New York City on July 20, 1932, in the borough of Manhattan to Josephine Labruzzi and Graziano "Jack" Giordano. He was "sickly as a child" and spent a significant amount of his childhood in bed. After his father brought him a copy of Famous Funnies, he became hooked on comics and, by age seven, began to draw his own stories on brown paper grocery bags. In elementary school, he played baseball and began writing and drawing sports stories and adaptations of pulp adventures.[3]

He attended New York's vocational high school, the School of Industrial Art, and began reading EC Comics, becoming inspired by cartoonists Al Feldstein and Harvey Kurtzman.[3]

Career

Charlton Comics

Beginning as a freelance artist at Charlton Comics in 1952, Giordano contributed artwork to dozens of the company's comics, including such Western titles as Annie Oakley, Billy the Kid, and Wyatt Earp, the war comic Fightin' Army, and scores of covers.[4][5]

Giordano's artwork from Charlton's Strange Suspense Stories was used as inspiration for artist Roy Lichtenstein's 1965/1966 Brushstroke series, including Brushstroke, Big Painting No. 6, Little Big Painting and Yellow and Green Brushstrokes.[6][7][8]

By the mid-1960s a Charlton veteran, Giordano rose to executive editor, succeeding Pat Masulli, by 1965.[9] As an editor, he made his first mark in the industry, overseeing Charlton's revamping of its few existing superheroes and having his artists and writers create new such characters for what he called the company's "Action Hero" line. Many of these artists included new talent Giordano brought on board, including Jim Aparo, Dennis O'Neil, and Steve Skeates.[9][10]

DC Comics

DC Comics vice president Irwin Donenfeld hired Giordano as an editor in April 1968, at the suggestion of Steve Ditko,[11] with Giordano bringing over to DC some of the creators he had nurtured at Charlton.[9] Giordano was given several titles such as Teen Titans, Aquaman and Young Love,[10] but none of DC's major series. He launched the horror comics series The Witching Hour in March 1969.[12] and the Western series All-Star Western vol. 2 in September 1970.[13]

He continued to freelance for DC as a penciler and inker.[14] As an artist, Giordano was best known as an inker. His inking was particularly associated with the pencils of Neal Adams, for their run in the early 1970s on the titles Batman and Green Lantern/Green Arrow.[5] Comics historian Les Daniels observed that "The influential Adams style moved comics closer to illustration than cartooning, and he brought a menacing mood to Batman's adventures that was augmented by Dick Giordano's dark, brooding inks."[15]

Continuity Associates

By 1971, frustrated by what he felt was a lack of editorial opportunities, Giordano had left DC to partner with fellow artist Neal Adams for their Continuity Associates studios,[16] which served as an art packager for comic book publishers, including such companies as Giordano's former employer Charlton Comics,[17] Marvel Comics, and the one-shot Big Apple Comix. Several comics artists began their careers at Continuity[10] and many were mentored by Giordano during their time there.

He had a brief run as penciler of the Wonder Woman series which included a two-issue story in issues #202–203 (October and December 1972) written by science-fiction author Samuel R. Delany.[18] Giordano drew several backup stories in Action Comics featuring the Human Target character as well as the martial arts feature "Sons of the Tiger" in Marvel's black-and-white comics magazine The Deadly Hands of Kung Fu.[5][10] He was a frequent artist on Batman and Detective Comics and he and writer Denny O'Neil created the Batman supporting character Leslie Thompkins in the story "There Is No Hope in Crime Alley" in Detective Comics #457 (March 1976).[19] Giordano inked the large-format, first DC/Marvel intercompany crossover, Superman vs. the Amazing Spider-Man (1976), over the pencils of Ross Andru.[20] Giordano inked Adams on the one-shot Superman vs. Muhammad Ali in 1978.[21] Throughout the late 1970s and the early 1980s, Ross Andru and Giordano were DC's primary cover artists, providing cover artwork for the Superman titles as well as covers for many of the other comics in the DC line at that time.[22]

Return to DC

In 1980, DC publisher Jenette Kahn brought Giordano back to DC.[23][24] Initially the editor of the Batman titles, Giordano was named the company's new managing editor in 1981,[25] and promoted to vice president/executive editor in 1983, a position he held until 1993.[9] DC Comics writer and executive Paul Levitz observed in 2010 that "Giordano held the respect of talent as one of their own, and kept their affection with his reassuring calm and warmth."[26]

Giordano provided art for several anniversary issues of key DC titles. He and television writer Alan Brennert crafted the story "To Kill a Legend" in Detective Comics #500 (March 1981).[27][28] Giordano was one of the artists on the double-sized Justice League of America #200 (March 1982)[29] as well as Wonder Woman #300 (Feb. 1983).[30][31] He was promoted to Vice-President/Executive Editor in 1984,[32] and with Kahn and Levitz, oversaw the relaunch of all of DC's major characters with the Crisis on Infinite Earths limited series in 1985.[33] This was followed by Frank Miller's Batman: The Dark Knight Returns and Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons' Watchmen in 1986.[34] Giordano inked several major projects during this time such as George Pérez's pencils on Crisis on Infinite Earths and John Byrne's pencils on The Man of Steel and Action Comics,[5] though during this period he always employed assistants for inking backgrounds, filling in large black areas, and making final erasures.[35]

From 1983 to 1987,[36] Giordano wrote a monthly column published in DC titles called "Meanwhile..." which much like Marvel's "Bullpen Bulletins" featured news and information about the company and its creators. Unlike "Bullpen Bulletins," which was characterized by an ironic, over-hyped tone, Giordano's columns ". . . were written in a relatively sober, absolutely friendly voice, like a friend of your father's you particularly liked and didn't mind sitting down to listen to."[37] Giordano closed each "Meanwhile..." column with the characteristic words, "Thank you and good afternoon."

The Vertigo imprint was launched in early 1993 built upon the success of several titles edited by Karen Berger including Swamp Thing, Hellblazer, Sandman, Doom Patrol, Animal Man, and Shade, the Changing Man.[38] Giordano inked six issues of The Sandman in 1991–1993.[39]

Creators' rights

Beginning in 1987, Giordano was in the middle of an industry-wide debate about the comics industry, ratings systems, and creators' rights.[37][40] Veteran writers Mike Friedrich, Steven Grant, and Roger Slifer all cited Giordano in particular for his hard-line stance on behalf of DC.[41][42][43][44][45] This debate led in part to the 1988 drafting of the Creator's Bill of Rights.

Later career

Giordano left DC in 1993, and still did the occasional inking job, but later returned to freelancing full-time.[46] In 1994 Giordano illustrated a graphic novel adaptation of the novel Modesty Blaise released by DC Comics, with creator/writer Peter O'Donnell.[5][47] He was one of the many artists who contributed to the Superman: The Wedding Album one-shot in 1996 wherein the title character married Lois Lane.[48]

In 2002, Giordano launched the short-lived Future Comics with writer David Michelinie and artist Bob Layton.[14] Since 2002, Giordano had drawn several issues of The Phantom published in Europe and Australia.[49] In 2004, Giordano and writer Roy Thomas completed an adaptation of Bram Stoker's Dracula novel. They had begun the project in 1974 but the cancellation of many of Marvel's black and white magazines put it into limbo.[50] The finished story was collected into a hardcover edition in 2005[51] and a colorized hardcover edition in 2010.[52] In 2005, F+W Publications Inc. published the instructional art book Drawing Comics with Dick Giordano, which he wrote and illustrated. His last mainstream work appeared in Jonah Hex vol. 2, #51 (March 2010) for which he drew the interior art and the cover.[5] His last comics work was pencilling and editing Baron Five, published by Hound Comics.

Personal life

Giordano married Marie Trapani, sister of fellow comics artist Sal Trapani, on April 17, 1955.[53] She died from complications of her second stomach cancer surgery in February 1993.[54] They had three children together; Lisa,[55] Dawn, and Richard Jr.[56] Marie's death, combined with Giordano's increasing hearing loss, hastened his decision to retire from DC.[54] Following the death of his wife, Giordano split time between homes in Florida and Connecticut.[9] In 1995, he moved to Palm Coast, Florida, where he continued to work full-time freelancing, until his death.[57] Giordano had suffered from lymphoma and later from leukemia, secondary to the chemotherapy.[58] He died on March 27, 2010, due to complications of treatment for leukemia.[59]

Legacy

Giordano served as mentor or inspiration to a generation of inkers, including Terry Austin,[60] Mike DeCarlo,[61] and Bob Layton.[62]

Shortly after Giordano's death in 2010, The Hero Initiative created "The Dick Giordano Humanitarian of the Year Award", which debuted at the 2010 Harvey Awards ceremony held at the Baltimore Comic-Con. The award recognizes one person in comics each year who demonstrates particular generosity and integrity in support of the overall comic book community.[63]

Awards

Giordano received recognition in the industry for his work, including the Alley Award for Best Editor in 1969.[64] He won the Shazam Award for Best Inker (Dramatic Division) in 1970 (for Green Lantern),[65] 1971,[66] 1973 (for Justice League of America),[67] and 1974.[68] He won the 1971 Goethe Award for "Favorite Pro Editor." Giordano received an Inkpot Award in 1981.[69] In 2009 he was awarded the Inkwell Awards Joe Sinnott Hall of Fame Award.[70]

Bibliography

Comics work (interior full art – pencils and inks, except where noted) includes:

Archie Comics

  • Archie's Super Hero Comics Digest Magazine (Black Hood) #2 (inks over Neal Adams) (1979)
  • Chilling Adventures in Sorcery #4 (1973)

Charlton Comics

  • Brides in Love #1 (1956)
  • Love Diary #1–3, 6, 10, 21, 23–24, 31–32 (1958–1964)
  • Judomaster #91–98 (Sarge Steel backup stories) (1966–1967)
  • Sarge Steel #1–4, 7 (1964–1966)
  • Secret Agent #10 (Sarge Steel backup story) (1967)

DC Comics

  • Action Comics (Human Target) #419–420, 422–423, 425–426, 428–429, 432, 641; (Green Arrow) #421, 424, 426, 428, 431; (Atom) #427, 430, 433, 435; (Superman) #509 (inks over Jim Starlin pencils), #584–590, 600 (inks over John Byrne), #723 (inks over various pencilers), #836 (pencils, among other artists) (1972–2006)
  • Action Comics Annual #1 (inks over Arthur Adams) (1987)
  • Adventure Comics (Supergirl) #405, 408–409 (inks over Mike Sekowsky); (Zatanna) #419; (Deadman) #462, 465 (inks over José Luis García-López); (Aquaman) #475–478 (1971–1980)
  • Adventure Comics 80-Page Giant #1 (Captain Marvel, inks over Craig Rousseau) (1998)
  • Adventures in the DC Universe Annual (Rose and Thorn and Zatanna) #1 (1997)
  • Adventures of Superman #431 (inks over Erik J. Larsen), #466 (inks over Dan Jurgens), #536 (inks), #Annual 2 (inks over Kerry Gammill), 3 (inks over Bryan Hitch) (1987-1996)
  • All New Collectors' Edition #C-56 (inks over Neal Adams), C-58 (inks over Rich Buckler) (1978)
  • American Century #7 (2001)
  • Animal Man #39 (inks over Tom Mandrake) (1991)
  • Aquaman #Annual 5 (inks over M. D. Bright) (1999)
  • Armageddon: Inferno miniseries (JSA) #4 (1992)
  • Armageddon: The Alien Agenda miniseries, (Captain Atom) #4 (1992)
  • Atari Force #1–5 (inks over Ross Andru) (1982–1983)
  • Batman (Batman backup stories) #247, 250; (Batman and Robin backup story) #327; (Batman) #421 (full art); #219–222, 224–227, 235–236, 239–242, 246, 249–250, 252–254, 256–261, 266, 310 (inks over Irv Novick); #232, 234, 237, 243–245, 255 (inks over Neal Adams); #248 (inks over Bob Brown); #262–264, 267 (inks over Ernie Chan); #298–299, 302 (inks over John Calnan); #300, 312, 321 (inks over Walt Simonson); #359 (inks over Dan Jurgens); Annual #9 (inks over Dan Jurgens); #409 (inks over Ross Andru); #497 (inks over Jim Aparo); #509 (inks over Mike Manley) (1973–1994)
  • Batman and the Outsiders #12 (inks over Jim Aparo) (1984)
  • Batman: Catwoman Defiant (inks over Tom Grindberg) (1992)
  • The Batman Chronicles #13 (inks over Sal Buscema), 21 (1998–2000)
  • Batman: Dark Knight of the Round Table, miniseries, #1–2 (1998)
  • Batman: Gordon of Gotham, miniseries, #1–4 (1998)
  • Batman: Gotham Knights #19, 28 (2001–2002)
  • Batman: Gotham Nights II #1-4 (inks over Mary Mitchell) (1995)
  • Batman: Hollywood Knight #1–3 (2001)
  • Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight #79 (inks over Steve Yeowell) (1996)
  • Batman: Shadow of the Bat #6 (inks over Dan Jurgens); Annual #1 (inks over Trevor Von Eden) (1992-1993)
  • Batman: Turning points #3 (2001)
  • Birds of Prey #11–12, 18 (full art), #95 (inks over Joe Prado) (1999–2006)
  • Birds of Prey: Wolves graphic novel (1997)
  • Black Canary: New Wings miniseries #1–4 (over Trevor Von Eeden layouts) (1991–1992)
  • Black Orchid #17 (inks over Rebecca Guay) (1995)
  • Books of Magic #Annual 1 (inks over Mark Buckingham) (1997)
  • The Brave and the Bold (Flash and Doom Patrol) #65; (Human Target) #143–144; (Batman and Black Lightning) #163; (Batman and Black Canary) #166 (full art); #80–81, 102 (inks over Neal Adams); #87 (inks over Mike Sekowsky); (1966–1980)
  • Captain Action #3 (1968)
  • Catwoman #1-7, 25 (inks over Jim Balent) #31–32 (1993-1996)
  • Celebrate the Century Super Heroes Stamp Album #1-5 (1998-1999)
  • Christmas with the Super-Heroes (Deadman) #2 (1988)
  • Crisis on Infinite Earths #1–3, 7 (inks over George Pérez) (1985)
  • DC Comics Presents #12, 33–34 (inks over Rich Buckler); #13–14 (inks over Dick Dillin); #26 (inks over George Pérez); #27 (inks over Jim Starlin); #31 (inks over García-López) (1979–1981)
  • DC Special Series #8 (inks over Ric Estrada); #15 (inks over Michael Golden); #21, 27 (inks over García-López) (1978–1981)
  • DC Super Stars #18 (inks over Romeo Tanghal); (1978)
  • DC Universe Holiday Bash #1 (inks over Paul Ryan) (1997)
  • Demolition Man, miniseries, #1–4 (inks over Rod Whigham) (1993)
  • Detective Comics (Elongated Man) #426, 430, 436, 449; (Batman) #457; (Human Target) #484, 486, 493; (Batgirl) #487; (Batman and Robin) #500 (full art); (Batman) #395, 397, 400, 402, 404, 407–408, 410 (inks over Neal Adams); #414–415, 418–419, 425, 427, 434–435 (inks over Irv Novick); #439–440 (inks over Sal Amendola); #411–413, 417, 422–424, 428 (inks over Bob Brown); #433 (inks over Dick Dillin); #447–448 (inks over Ernie Chan); #524 (inks over Don Newton); #525 (inks over Dan Jurgens); #529–530 (inks over Gene Colan); #572 (inks over Terry Beatty); #598–600 (inks over Denys Cowan); Annual #2 (inks over Dan Jurgens); #618 (inks over Norm Breyfogle); #665 (inks over Graham Nolan) (1972–1993)
  • Dreaming #7, 32 (inks over Steve Parkhouse) (1996-1999)
  • The Flash (Elongated Man) #206, 208, 210, 212; (Green Lantern) #220–221, 223–224 (1971–1973)
  • The Flash Annual vol. 2 #10 (1997)
  • Flash Special #1 (inks over Irv Novick) (1990)
  • The Fury of Firestorm #61-63 (inks over Joe J. Brozowski) #Annual 4 (among other artists) (1986-1987)
  • Green Arrow Vol 1 #1-4 (inks over Trevor Von Eeden) (1983)
  • Green Arrow Vol 2 #1-6 (inks over Ed Hannigan), #7 (inks over Eduardo Barreto), #8 (inks over Paris Cullins), #9-12 (inks over Ed Hannigan), #13-14 (inks over Dan Jurgens), #15-16 (inks over Ed Hannigan), #17-18 (inks over Dan Jurgens), #19-20 (inks over Ed Hannigan), #21-24, 27-30 (inks over Dan Jurgens), #117 (inks over William Rosado), Annual #2 (1988-1997)
  • Green Lantern #80-83, 86-87 (inks over Neal Adams), 94 (inks over Mike Grell), 123 (inks over Joe Staton), 176 (inks over Dave Gibbons) (1970-1984)
  • Hawk and Dove vol 3 #20 (inks over Kevin Maguire), 25 (among other artists) (1991)
  • Hawk and Dove vol 4 #1-5 (inks over Dean Zachary) (1997-1998)
  • Huntress #1 (inks over Joe Staton) (1989)
  • Jonah Hex vol. 2 #51 (2010)
  • Jonni Thunder a.k.a. Thunderbolt, miniseries, #1–4 (1985)
  • Justice League America #27 (inks over Ty Templeton), Annual 1 (inks over Bill Willingham) (1987-1989)
  • Justice League of America #102-116 (inks over Dick Dillin), #193 (inks over Rich Buckler), #224 (inks over Chuck Patton) Annual #1 (inks over Rick Hoberg) (Wonder Woman/Zatanna) #200 (1972-1984)
  • Justice League of America, vol. 4, #0 (one page only) (2006)
  • L.A.W., miniseries, #1–6 (1999–2000)
  • Legends of the DC Universe #7-9 (inks over Greg Land) (1998)
  • Legion of Super-Heroes #45 (inks) (1988)
  • Lobo: A Contract on Gawd #1-4 (inks over Kieron Dwyer (1994)
  • The Man of Steel, mini-series, #1–6 (inks over John Byrne) (1986)
  • Modesty Blaise, graphic novel (1994)
  • Nightwing: Alfred's Return, one-shot (1995)
  • The New Teen Titans vol. 1 #27 (inks over Ross Andru) vol. 2 Annual #4 (inks), (Tales of Tamaran) #16 (1983-1986)
  • Power of Shazam #28; #29–36, 38–41 (inks over Peter Krause); #37 (inks over Mike Manley); #42–46, 1,000,000 (inks over Jerry Ordway) (1997–1999)
  • Robin #15 (inks over Tom Grummett) #30 (inks over Frank Fosco) (1995-1996)
  • Sandman #27 (inks over Kelley Jones), #29 (inks over Stan Woch), #34 (inks over Colleen Doran), #47 (inks over Jill Thompson), #53 (inks over Michael Zulli), #56 (inks) (1991-1993)
  • Secret Origins vol. 2 (Halo) #6, (Deadman, inks over Kevin Maguire) #15, (Batgirl, inks over Rick Leonardi) #20, (Legion of Super Heroes, inks over Rick Stasi) #25, (Green Arrow, inks over Hannibal King) #38, (Johnny Thunder, inks over Alan Weiss; Black Canary, inks over Joe Staton) #50, #Special (Two Face, inks over Pat Broderick), Annual #3 (inks) (1986-1990)
  • Secret Origins of the World's Greatest Super-Heroes (Batman) (1989)
  • Shadowdragon Annual #1 (1995)
  • Shazam! #12, 25 (1974–1976)
  • Showcase #82 (inks over Jerry Grandenetti), #88 (inks over Mike Sekowsky), #98-99 (inks over Joe Staton) (1969-1978)
  • Showcase '93 #5-6 (inks over Kieron Dwyer) (1993)
  • Showcase '94 #2-4 (inks over Patrick Rolo) (1994)
  • Showcase '95 #9 (inks over Sal Velluto) (1995)
  • Showcase '96 #12 (inks over Stuart Immonen) (1996)
  • Silver Age: Showcase (Seven Soldiers of Victory) #1 (2000)
  • Steel #33 (inks over Jim Aparo) (1996)
  • Steel: The Official Comics Adaptation (inks over Jon Bogdanove) (1997)
  • Strange Sports Stories #2–3 (1973–1974)
  • Supergirl Annual #1 (1996)
  • Superman (Fabulous World of Krypton) #236, 255, 271 (1971–1974)
  • Superman Forever one-shot (among other artists) (1998)
  • Superman's Girl Friend, Lois Lane (Rose and Thorn) #112, 115–116 (1971)
  • Time Warp #1, 3 (1979–1980)
  • Who's Who in the DC Universe #4,6,9-10 (1990-1991)
  • Who's Who: The Definitive Directory of the DC Universe #2,10-11,20 (1985-1986)
  • Wonder Woman #178–198 (inks over Mike Sekowsky); #199 (inks over Don Heck) #241 (inks over Joe Staton); #300 (inks over Ross Andru); #200–203, 220, 300 (full art) (1972–1983)
  • Wonder Woman: The Secret of the Magic Thiara (inks over Rich Buckler) (book set and record, 1978)
  • Wonder Woman Secret Files & Origins #1 (1998)
  • Notes

Marvel Comics

Valiant Comics

  • Bloodshot #0, #27–29, 32–33, 38–39 (inker) (1994–1995)
  • Ninjak #0, #00, #19 (inker) (1995)
  • Psi Lords #1–7 (inker) (1994–1995)
  • Solar, Man of the Atom #46–56, 59 (inker) (1995–1996)

Warren Publishing

  • Creepy #94 (1978)
  • Eerie #88 (1977)

Other publishers

Books

  • Drawing Comics with Dick Giordano (F+W Publications Inc., 2005)

External links

References

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  2. Michael Doran. Legendary Comics Creator Dick Giordano Passes Away Newsarama, March 27, 2010, retrieved March 27, 2010^
  3. Dick Giordano. "Meanwhile..." Editor's column DC Comics, November 1983^
  4. Jerry Bails. Giordano, Dick Who's Who of American Comic Books, 1928–1999, 2006, retrieved August 8, 2011^
  5. {{gcdb|type=credit|search=Dick+Giordano}}^
  6. Peter Schjeldahl. The Art World: Lucky Strokes The New Yorker, November 19, 2001^
  7. Diane Waldman. Roy Lichtenstein Guggenheim Museum Publications, 1994^
  8. Antonia Boström, Christopher Bedford, Penelope Curtis, John Dixon Hunt. The Fran and Ray Stark Collection of 20th-Century Sculpture at the J. Paul Getty Museum Getty Publications, 2008^
  9. The New Teen Titans Archives, Volume 1 DC Comics, 1999^
  10. Dick Giordano Lambiek Comiclopedia, May 14, 2010^
  11. Jon B. Cooke. Director Comments "Thank You & Good Afternoon!" Talkin' with Dick Comic Book Artist, TwoMorrows Publishing, Spring 1998, retrieved February 17, 2013^
  12. Michael McAvennie, Hannah, ed. Dolan. DC Comics Year By Year A Visual Chronicle Dorling Kindersley, 2010^
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  14. "Dick Giordano Passes" Comic Shop News #1192^
  15. Les Daniels. DC Comics: Sixty Years of the World's Favorite Comic Book Heroes Bulfinch Press, 1995^
  16. PAUL KUPPERBERG. A Comic Moment With… DICK GIORDANO 13th Dimension, July 20, 2022^
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  20. McAvennie "1970s" in Dolan, p. 170: "Many talents from both DC and Marvel contributed to this landmark publication - in addition to inker Dick Giordano, Neal Adams provided several redrawings of Superman while John Romita Sr. worked on numerous Peter Parker/Spider-Man likenesses"^
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  28. Robert Greenberger. Memories of Detective Comics #500 Back Issue!, TwoMorrows Publishing, December 2013^
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  34. Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 218: It was what many consider the greatest year in comics. DC debuted two of the industry's most influential works: Frank Miller supplied a gritty take on super-heroes with Batman: The Dark Knight, while writer Alan Moore brought a literary ear and sophisticated structure to DC's comics with the maxiseries Watchmen.^
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  63. Maggie Thompson. Wizard World Chicago: Day Three Dick Giordano Humanitarian Award MaggieThompson.com, August 21, 2010^
  64. 1969 Alley Awards Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac^
  65. 1970 Academy of Comic Book Arts Awards Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac^
  66. 1971 Academy of Comic Book Arts Awards Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac^
  67. 1973 Academy of Comic Book Arts Awards Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac^
  68. 1974 Academy of Comic Book Arts Awards Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac^
  69. Inkpot Award Winners Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac^
  70. 2009 Winners Inkwell Awards, 2009^