The Charles Schwab Corporation[1] is an American multinational financial services company. It offers banking, commercial banking, investing, and related services including consulting, and wealth management advisory services to both retail and institutional clients. One of the largest banks in the United States by assets,[1] as of December 31, 2024, it had $10.10 trillion in client assets, 36.5 million active brokerage accounts, 5.4 million workplace retirement plan participant accounts, and 2.0 million banking accounts.[1] It also offers a donor advised fund for clients seeking to donate securities.[4][5] It was founded in San Francisco, California, and is headquartered in Westlake, Texas. It has over 380 branches, primarily in financial centers in the United States and the United Kingdom.
Founded as First Commander Corporation in 1971 and renamed to Charles Schwab & Co. in 1973, the company leveraged deregulation of the 1970s to pioneer discount sales of equity securities. After a flagship opening in Sacramento, California, the bank expanded into Seattle before the 1980s economic expansion financed the bank's investments in technology, automation, and digital record keeping. The first to offer round-clock order entry and quotation, it was purchased by Bank of America in 1983 for $55 million. Three years later, the profitability of the bank's no-charge mutual funds prompted the founder to buy his company back for $280 million.[6]
History
In 1963, Charles R. Schwab and two other partners launched Investment Indicator, an investment newsletter.[7] At its height, the newsletter had 3,000 subscribers, each paying $84 a year to subscribe. In April 1971, the firm was incorporated in California as First Commander Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Commander Industries, Inc., for traditional brokerage services and to publish the Schwab investment newsletter. In November of that year, Schwab and four others purchased all the stock from Commander Industries, Inc., and in 1972, Schwab bought all the stock from what was once Commander Industries. In 1973, the company name changed to Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.[8]
Following the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission's 1975 decision to allow negotiated commission rates, Schwab established a discount stock brokerage,[9] opening its first branch in Sacramento that same year. The firm began offering client seminars in 1977. In 1978, Schwab had 45,000 client accounts total, doubling to 84,000 the next year. In 1979, Schwab risked $500,000 on a back-office settlement system called BETA (short for Brokerage Execution and Transaction Analysis), enabling Schwab to become the first discount broker to bring automation in house. In 1980, Schwab established the industry's first 24-hour quotation service, and the total of client accounts grew to 147,000.
Senior leadership
- Chairman: Charles R. Schwab (since 1971)
- Chief Executive: Richard A. Wurster (since 2025)
List of former chief executives
- 1) Charles R. Schwab (1971–1998)
- 2) Charles R. Schwab and David S. Pottruck (1998–2003); co-CEO's
- 3) David S. Pottruck (2003–2004)
- 4) Charles R. Schwab (2004–2008); second term
- 5) Walter W. Bettinger II (2008-2024)
Marketing
In 2004, Charles Schwab chose Havas Worldwide (then called Euro RSCG) as its full-service advertising agency. The company launched a series of television ads featuring the slogan Talk to Chuck by Euro RSCG and directed/animated by Bob Sabiston's Flat Black Films in 2005. "Talk to Chuck" campaign appeared in print media, online, billboards, and branch offices.[46] A blog post in The Wall Street Journal described the ads as effective because they included a single memorable phrase.[47] In February 2013, Schwab hired Crispin Porter + Bogusky (CP+B) as its lead creative agency with Havas Worldwide remaining to create ads for ActiveTrader and optionsXpress.[48] The company launched an advertising campaign by CP+B with the slogan Own Your Tomorrow that same year.[49] In March 2015, Adweek reported on marketing material created by CP+B for Schwab's Intelligent Portfolio service.[50]
Controversies
Failure to disclose robo-advisor fees and allocations
In June 2022, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ordered the company to pay $187 million to settle its charges for failing to disclose fund allocations and fees for its robo-advisor clients. It was determined that between March 2015 to November 2018, Charles Schwab misled customers and prospective investors by allowing them to believe that its robo-advisor service had no hidden fees, and it did not inform the clients about the cash drag on their investments. The SEC stated that the company has made money from cash allocations in the robo-advisor portfolios by sweeping cash to its affiliated bank, loaning it out, and keeping the difference between the interest it earned on the loans and what it paid in interest to the robo-advisor clients.[51]
See also
- List of largest banks in the United States
- Deregulation in the United States
- Financial District, San Francisco
Further reading
- Cronin, Mary J. Banking and Finance on the Internet (John Wiley & Sons, 1998). online
- Ingham, John N., and Lynne B. Feldman. Contemporary American business leaders: a biographical dictionary (Greenwood, 1990). pp 566–71.
- Kador, John. Charles Schwab: How one company beat Wall Street and reinvented the brokerage industry (John Wiley & Sons, 2002).excerpt
- Silver, A. David. Entrepreneurial Megabucks: The 100 Greatest Entrepreneurs of the Last 25 Years (1985).
- Willis, Rod. "Charles Schwab: High-Tech Horatio Alger?" Management Review (Sept. 1986) 75#9 pp. 17–20.
External links
References
- US SEC: The Charles Schwab Corporation 2024 Annual Report (Form 10-K) U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, February 26, 2025^
- Charles Schwab Fortune^
- Proxy statement U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, April 5, 2024