Yokai Monsters (妖怪シリーズ) is a trilogy of Japanese horror/fantasy films written by Tetsuro Yoshida and released in the late 1960s. The films were produced by Daiei Film, and productions were largely influenced by Gamera and Daimajin franchises where Daimajin was also redeveloped from the Gamera franchise, and minor references among Gamera films and Daimajin and yōkai films to each other were inserted within respective franchises on various occasions.[1][2]
About
There were originally three movies made:
While not canonically linked, all three were thematically joined by their inclusion of a group of creatures from Japanese mythology known as yōkai (妖怪, lit. "strange things").
- Yokai Monsters: 100 Monsters (March 1968)
- Yokai Monsters: Spook Warfare (December 1968)
- Yokai Monsters: Along with Ghosts (March 1969)
Influence and legacy
Receiving little attention outside Japan, the films are remembered mainly for their special effects, which include a lot of puppetry, suitmation, and even traditional animation. The films made use of yōkai ("strange apparition"), based on traditional illustrations from Japanese folklore. The puppet used for the Kasa-obake in particular has become a recognizable rendering of the creature.
Involvement of Shigeru Mizuki and Hiroshi Aramata and Natsuhiko Kyogoku resulted in crossovers most notably with Teito Monogatari series to feature Yasunori Katō as the main antagonist in the 2005 film, and with GeGeGe no Kitarō franchise and Tōfu-kozō series by Kyogoku and other franchises to a lesser extent.[3][4]
Kazuo Umezu also associated with the franchise, and his manga-based 1968 film The Snake Girl and the Silver-Haired Witch was also influenced by the Gamera franchise and was distributed along with Yokai Monsters: Spook Warfare,[5]
Reboot series
In 2005, Takashi Miike directed a remake of Yokai Monsters: Spook Warfare titled The Great Yokai War. The film is not officially related to the Yokai Monsters trilogy, but draws a lot of its influence from similar sources, notably the legend of Momotarō and Shigeru Mizuki's GeGeGe no Kitarō series of the same name.[7] Mizuki himself appears in this version, though neither the remake nor the original films make use of his yōkai creations, preferring instead to feature more traditional creatures.
A sequel to The Great Yokai War, titled The Great Yokai War: Guardians, was released in Japan on August 13, 2021.[8] Daimajin appeared in the film, and Gamera made a cameo appearance in its spinoff novelization[3] where Takashi Miike attempted to reboot Daimajin in late 2000s along with the release of the 2006 Gamera film Gamera the Brave.[9]
See also
- Gamera
- Daimajin
- Teito Monogatari
- Shigeru Mizuki
- Kazuo Umezu
- Hiroshi Aramata
- Kyogoku Natsuhiko
- Miyuki Miyabe
External links
- One Hundred Monsters at Allmovie.com
- Spook Warfare at Allmovie.com
- Along With Ghosts at Allmovie.com
- Yokai Monsters: One Hundred Monsters at the Internet Movie Database
- Yokai Monsters: Spook Warfare at the Internet Movie Database
- Yokai Monsters: Along With Ghosts at the Internet Movie Database
References
- Matsunomoto, Kazuhiro, 1996, The Gamera Chronicles, p.104-105, Takeshobo^
- 甦れ!妖怪映画大集合!! 2005, p.97, p.116-119, Takeshobo^
- Hirokazu Minemori, 2021, The Great Yokai War: Guardians: Side Story: Heian Hyakkitan, pp. 265-271, Media Works Bunko, Kadokawa^
- Natsuhiko Kyogoku, 2018, Uso Makoto Yōkai Hyaku Monogatari, "Kyu", 373-375, p. 392, Kadokawa^