Early years, cable disputes, and near-bankruptcy (19851996)
Business and Minority Coalition Broadcasters, Inc., a consortium of six investors from Charleston, South Carolina, filed an application with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to build a new television station on channel 28 in Hardeeville (15 mi from the allocation city of Savannah, the maximum distance permitted), which would transmit from a site on St. Helena Island and reach audiences from Kiawah Island in the northeast to Savannah in the southwest.[1] The FCC approved the license on November 17, 1981, and it took the call sign WTGS, with a planned start date in September 1982.[2]
The WTGS construction permit was purchased in 1983 by American Communications and Television (AC&T), a company based in Gainesville, Florida.[3] This cable and communications firm was making an incursion into new full-power and low-power independent stations across the country.[4] It was another two years before movement began in earnest to build the station, whose founding general manager and 20% owner, John Bailie, had previously built two other Southern independents: WPTY in Memphis and WAWS-TV in Jacksonville.[5][6][7] Planned programming included movies and children's programming in the morning and afternoon, with few commercial interruptions; Bailie stated that WTGS was the first TV station "programmed exclusively for the Lowcountry".[8] The station signed on September 1, 1985, as the market's first general entertainment independent outlet.[9]
On July 19, 1985 (a few months before WTGS officially signed on), a federal judge struck down the "must-carry" rule imposed by the FCC, which required cable television operators to carry all commercial over-the-air stations within 35 mi of its community of service. This decision was challenging for WTGS, as Bailie felt that it would cause the new station to become "squeezed out of the market". By August 30, Savannah Cablevision, along with seven other local cable operators, had agreed to carry WTGS. However, Plantation Cablevision on Hilton Head Island and Hargray Cablevision in Hardeeville, were among dozens of other local cable operators that refused to carry WTGS.[6] WTGS was one of the first stations to pay for carriage on a cable system, leasing a channel from Savannah Cablevision for $2,000 a month. In particular, WTGS stated that Plantation Cablevision refused to carry the station, as they considered it to be competition; however, Plantation Cablevision stated that they did not carry WTGS due to the removal of the must-carry rule.[10] Plantation Cablevision also denied having wanted WTGS to pay for access to its cable system.[9] The controversy continued that September, when Plantation Cablevision announced a new emergency warning system for Hilton Head Island. This angered Bailie, as he was concerned that those who did not subscribe to Plantation Cablevision's service would not be able to receive emergency information; WTGS decided to create its own emergency warning system instead.[11]
The same month, Bailie went to Congress at the invitation of broadcasting groups, in order to speak to congressional leaders who were concerned that the repeal of the must-carry rule would hurt independent stations such as WTGS. The next month, Bailie revisited Congress in order to comment to the House Copyright Committee about bills in consideration at the time which would reform "compulsory license" rules.[12] That same month, Plantation Cablevision was "carefully documenting requests" for WTGS to be added to its cable lineup[13] and had sent out a questionnaire to subscribers in order to measure what viewers liked and disliked about the cable system.[14] On December 27, 1985, Plantation Cablevision started to carry WTGS; the addition of WTGS removed Charleston stations WCBD and WCIV from the lineup.[15] WTGS was a charter affiliate of Fox at its October 1986 launch.[16]
In May 1987, the station was profiled on the MacNeil/Lehrer NewsHour, by which time it was so near to bankruptcy—due to its diminished ability to reach all TV homes in the region—that Bailie lived and slept in his office and drove a taxi cab the station had bought to promote the show Taxi.[17] Later that year, AC&T sold itself to new Florida-based owners, giving it an infusion of $500,000 in cash.[18] The new ownership moved the station's facilities south from Hardeeville to a site in Chatham County, Georgia, which would not be limited by height restrictions on a tower and be more centrally located for advertising sales purposes.[19] The new tower was activated in February 1990.[20] AC&T sold its two remaining stations, WTGS and KOOG in Ogden, Utah, to Trivest Financial Services Corporation in 1991.[21]
Common operation with WJCL (1996–2014)
Licensee Hilton Head Television sold the station in 1996 for $7 million to LP Media, a company owned by Julius Curtis Lewis III. His father, Julius Curtis Lewis Jr., was the majority owner and namesake of WJCL television.[22] The two stations came under common operation at that time. Lewis sold WJCL in 1998 to Grapevine Communications of Atlanta for $19 million, and in a parallel transaction, LP Media sold WTGS to Brissette Communications, owned by Paul Brissette, for $20 million.[23] After Grapevine Communications, having purchased and changed its name to GOCOM in 1999, became Piedmont Television Holdings (owned by Brissette), WTGS was sold to Bluenose Broadcasting, a company owned by members of the Brissette family. Los Angeles-based Parkin Broadcasting (later PBC Broadcasting), owned by Todd Parkin, purchased WTGS for $17.5 million in 2007, in tandem with New Vision Television acquiring WJCL—and WJCL's option to buy WTGS's assets—for the same price.[24] The two stations moved out of WJCL's longtime Abercorn Street studios to the vacant third floor of the Savannah Morning News building in 2011, establishing a content partnership with the newspaper.[25]
Sinclair Broadcast Group ownership (2014present)
On March 21, 2014, LIN Media entered into an agreement to merge with Media General in a $1.6 billion deal. Because Media General already owned NBC affiliate WSAV-TV (channel 3), the companies were required to sell either WSAV or WJCL to another station owner in order to comply with FCC ownership rules as well as planned changes to those rules regarding same-market television stations which would prohibit sharing agreements.[32][33][34]
On August 20, Media General announced that it would keep WSAV and sell WJCL to Hearst Television. It also would swap WTGS and television stations in Providence, Rhode Island, and Green Bay, Wisconsin, in exchange for properties that Sinclair owned or was acquiring in Colorado Springs, Colorado; Harrisburg, Pennsylvania; and Tampa. Sinclair also acquired the right to purchase other WTGS assets from WTGS Television LLC.
