Tyson Foods — BrandWiki

Tyson Foods

Overview

Tyson Foods, Inc.

type	Public
traded as	nyse: TSN (Class A) S&P 500 component
key people	John H. Tyson (chairman) Donnie King (CEO)
founder	John W. Tyson
industry	Food processing
products	Meat and cultured meat
revenue	US$54.4 billion (2025)
operating income	US$1.10 billion (2025)
net income

Tyson Foods, Inc. is an American multinational corporation based in Springdale, Arkansas that operates in the food industry. The company is the world's second-largest processor and marketer of chicken, beef, and pork after JBS S.A. It is the largest meat company in America.[2] It annually exports the largest percentage of beef out of the United States. Together with its subsidiaries, it operates major food brands, including Tyson, Jimmy Dean, Hillshire Farm, Ball Park, Wright Brand, Aidells, and State Fair.[3]

Tyson Foods was ranked 85th in the 2025 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue.[4][5]

assets	US$36.7 billion (2025)

equity	US$18.1 billion (2025)

num employees	133,000 (2025)

foundation	1935

location	Springdale, Arkansas, U.S.

area served	Worldwide

homepage	tysonfoods.com

footnotes	Financials as of September 27, 2025.‡R1R‡

History

The company was established by John W. Tyson in 1935.[7] It expanded during World War II, when chicken was not included in foods that were rationed by the federal government.[8] As of 2025, the company employed 133,000 people.[9] Tyson's locations are concentrated in the Midwest and South.[10]

Tyson produces about one-fifth of the beef, chicken, and pork sold in the United States. It supplies meat to a majority of retail grocers across the U.S.[11] It also supplies Yum! Brands chains that use chicken, including KFC and Taco Bell, as well as McDonald's, Burger King, Wendy's, Walmart, Kroger, IGA, Beef O'Brady's, American restaurants, delis, and schools.[12][13]

The company makes a wide variety of animal-based, prepared foods. In 2019, Tyson Foods slaughtered approximately 155,000 cattle, 461,000 pigs, and 45,000,000 chickens every week at its 200 facilities worldwide.[14][15]

In 2019, the company announced its Raised & Rooted brand.[16] This initially included vegetarian nuggets as well as burgers with a blend of beef and pea protein,[17][18] then expanded to include tenders. In 2020, Tyson discontinued the burger and removed egg whites from the nuggets, announcing that the Raised & Rooted brand would be free of animal products moving forward.[19][20] In 2021, the company launched two vegetarian patty breakfast sandwiches under its Jimmy Dean brand,[21][22] along with hamburger patties and grounds, bratwurst, and Italian sausages.

Acquisitions and investments

In 2001, Tyson Foods acquired IBP, Inc., the largest beef packer and number two pork processor in the United States., for US$3.2 billion in cash and stock.[25] Along with its purchase of IBP, it also acquired the naming rights to an event center in Sioux City, Iowa.[26] Tyson has also acquired such companies as Hudson Foods Company, Garrett poultry, Washington Creamery, Franz Foods, Prospect Farms, Krispy Kitchens, Ocoma Foods, Cassady Broiler, Vantress Pedigree, Wilson Foods, Honeybear Foods, Mexican Original, Valmac Industries, Heritage Valley, Lane Poultry, Cobb-Vantress, Holly Farms, Wright Brand Foods, Inc. and Don Julio Foods. In June 2014, Tyson won a bidding war against Pilgrim's Pride, agreeing to buy Hillshire Brands, the maker of Jimmy Dean sausage and Ball Park hot dogs for $8.5 billion.[27] On July 28, 2014, the company said it would sell its Mexican and Brazilian poultry businesses to JBS S.A. for $575 million and use the proceeds to pay down debt from its pending $7.7 billion purchase of Hillshire Brands Co.

Environmental record

Tyson Foods has been responsible for numerous instances of environmental damage.[98] Tyson was one of five top emitters in the global food industry, alongside JBS, Marfrig, Minerva, and Cargill, emitting an estimated 496 million tons of greenhouse gasses in 2023.[99] According to the Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy, Tyson is among the lowest performing companies on their Meat and Dairy Climate Reporting Scorecard.[100]

Tyson has been involved in several lawsuits related to air and water pollution. In June 2003, the company admitted to illegally dumping untreated wastewater from its poultry processing plant near Sedalia, Missouri, from 1998 to 2001.[98] The company pleaded guilty to 20 felony violations of the federal Clean Water Act.[98] According to a Department of Justice attorney, the dumping had continued even after the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the Federal Bureau of Investigation searched the plant in 1999.[101] As part of the plea agreement, the company agreed to pay $7.5 million in fines.[101] The company also agreed to hire an outside consultant to perform an environmental audit, and institute an "enhanced environmental management system" at the Sedalia plant.[102]

In 2002, three residents of Western Kentucky, together with the Sierra Club, filed a lawsuit concerning the discharge of dangerous quantities of ammonia from Tyson's Western Kentucky factories. Tyson settled the suit in January 2005, agreeing to spend $500,000 to mitigate and monitor the ammonia levels.[103]

In 2004, Tyson was one of six poultry companies to pay a $7.3 million settlement fee to the city of Tulsa, Oklahoma, to settle charges that the use of chicken waste as fertilizer had created phosphorus pollution in Tulsa's main drinking water sources.[104]

In 2005, Tyson settled a $500,000 lawsuit related to air pollution in Kentucky.[98]

Tyson's processing plants generate a vast supply of animal fats. In late 2006, the company created a business unit called Tyson Renewable Energy to examine ways of commercializing the use of this leftover material by converting it into biofuels.[105] The unit also examined the potential use of poultry litter to generate energy and other products.[106]

As of 2010, six of Tyson Foods' wastewater treatment facilities capture biogas via enclosed anaerobic lagoons. Four of the systems use the biogas as an alternative fuel to natural gas; from 2008 to 2009, the four facilities used 1.8 billion cubic feet of biogas, replacing 1.3 billion cubic feet of natural gas and saving the company approximately $9.1 million.[107]

In 2013, Tyson paid nearly $4 million in fines due to eight separate incidents between 2006 and 2010 where it accidentally released anhydrous ammonia, an extremely hazardous substance which causes chemical-type burns.[98] These releases killed at least one worker and injured nearly a dozen others.[98]

In Newsweek 2017 "green ranking", an environmental performance assessment of the largest public companies, Tyson Foods ranked number 223 in the U.S. and number 312 in the world.[108]

According to Tyson's 2019 Sustainability Report, the company was on track to meet most of its sustainability goals[109] and had decreased water use by 6.8% since 2015.[110] Tyson Foods joined the United Nations Global Compact in 2019, and the report also states that the company has goals similar to the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals.[109]

Environmental groups have blamed Tyson for polluting the Illinois River with poultry litter. A company spokesperson said the litter belongs to independent contract farmers and not to Tyson. To address the problem of poultry litter in watersheds, Tyson and four other poultry companies formed the non-profit organization BMPs in 2004. Tyson says that the organization has helped to move more than 1 million tons of poultry litter out of the Illinois River watershed, redistributing the litter to less nutrient-dense areas.[111][112]

In 2019, the Environmental Integrity Project identified Tyson as being a major discharger of pollution to waterways in East Texas. The high volumes of blood, urine, feces, and feathers discharged into East Texas rivers and lakes contribute to declining oxygen levels in the water, which endanger local animals, fish and habitat.[113][114] The Environmental Integrity Project found that the Tyson plant in East Texas violated its Clean Water Act permit a dozen times over 2016–2017.[113]

In 2019, wastewater from a Tyson plant in Alabama polluted rivers and killed approximately 175,000 fish. The state of Alabama sued Tyson over the incident the following year.[115]

Also in 2019, Tyson Foods partnered with the Environmental Defense Fund to help farmers reduce nitrogen and erosion across 2 million acres of corn fields in the Midwestern United States and Pennsylvania.[116][117] The same year, a Tyson building in Springdale, Arkansas, won a LEED silver certification for environmentally friendly design.[118]

As of January 2020, Tyson Foods' land stewardship and sustainable farming program had enrolled approximately 400,000 acres of corn, and planned to support improved environmental practices on 2 million acres of corn by the end of 2020.[119][120]

In 2020, Tyson Foods partnered with the nonprofit organization Proforest to complete a deforestation risk assessment, which concluded that approximately 94% of the company's land footprint is at low risk of being associated with deforestation. To address the remainder found to be at risk, in November the company announced a Forest Protection Standard focused on reducing deforestation risk in supply chains of cattle and beef, soy, palm oil, pulp, paper and packaging.[121][122]

In 2020, Tyson Foods received a SmartWay Excellence Award from the Environmental Protection Agency, recognizing "top shipping (retailers and manufacturers) and logistics company partners for superior environmental performance".[123][124]

In 2020, it was reported that Tyson Foods used 4.89 million acres of land for soybeans and 5.2 million acres of corn for providing feed for their 6 million cows, 22 million hogs, and 2 billion chickens. A study by the Union of Concerned Scientists in 2018 found that only 5% (408,000 acres) of their land has been enrolled in sustainable practices.[125]

In 2024, a study by the Union of Concerned Scientists found that between 2018 and 2022 Tyson released 371 million pounds of pollutants, including nitrogen, phosphorus, chloride, oil, and cyanide, from just 41 slaughterhouses and processing plants into local waterways across the United States.[126][127] In 2025, the Environmental Working Group (EWG) reached a settlement with Tyson Foods, where Tyson agreed to stop making "net-zero" and "climate-smart beef" claims.[128]

Labor relations

Workers' rights

According to Celeste Monforton, professor of occupational health at George Washington University, 34 employees were injured at 10 Tyson meatpacking plants from January to September 2015, resulting in one amputation per month on average. Reporting on Monforton's findings in 2016, BuzzFeed News said Tyson Foods "recently launched new programs to improve workplace safety communication, awareness and education."[129]

An Oxfam report issued in 2016 cited anonymous employees who stated they were routinely denied bathroom breaks; they wore adult diapers to work to get through the day.[130] In 2017, Tyson Foods announced plans to provide regularly scheduled bathroom breaks.[131]

The plans stem from compliance audits started in 2012 and an occupational safety and health pilot program established in 2015. The announcement was made in conjunction with Oxfam America and United Food and Commercial Workers.[131] By May 2018, hundreds of Tyson Foods workers at 27 plants had participated in the company's Upward Academy education program.[132]

In December 2024, Tyson and its subsidiary Keystone paid $180 million to settle an antitrust lawsuit, which alleged the company had illegally conspired with other poultry processors to suppress workers' wages.[133]

Employment of illegal immigrants

Tyson Foods was indicted in December, 2001, along with six employees, on charges that it conspired to smuggle illegal immigrants across the Mexican border to work in its processing plants. The 36-count indictment accused Tyson of arranging to transport illegal immigrant workers across the border and helping them to get counterfeit work papers for jobs at 15 Tyson plants. In March 2003, a federal jury acquitted Tyson and its managers.[134][135][136][137]

In October 2006, a federal judge granted class-action status to a lawsuit brought by Tyson employees who allege that Tyson's practice of hiring illegal immigrants depresses wages.[138][139]

Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic

As the COVID-19 pandemic spread across the US, officials including the sheriff in Black Hawk County, Iowa criticized Tyson Foods on April 17, 2020, for failing to close a Waterloo, Iowa plant where an outbreak of the disease began.[140][141] Tyson closed the Waterloo plant on April 22. According to an Associated Press report, the company said the shutdown "would deny a vital market to hog farmers and further disrupt the nation's meat supply".[142] On April 21, Tyson announced the closure of a plant in Center, Texas, which is located in Shelby County, a rural area with a rate of coronavirus infections about four times higher than the state average. A local physician reported that over half of the county's cases were associated with employees of the Tyson facility.[143]

On April 22, Tyson announced the closure of a pork processing plant in Logansport, Indiana due to rising cases.[144]

Production

Use of antibiotics

In 2007, Tyson began labeling and advertising its chicken products as "raised without antibiotics".[151] Tyson competitors Perdue Farms and Sanderson Farms sued, claiming Tyson's claim violated truth-in-advertising/labeling standards. Tyson acknowledged using ionophores in chicken feed. Ionophores are used to control coccidiosis, a parasite common in poultry, and the medication is not used in human medicine. A federal judge ordered Tyson to stop making the "raised without antibiotics" claim by May, 2008.

In June 2008, USDA inspectors discovered that Tyson had also been using gentamicin, an antibiotic, in unhatched eggs. USDA spokespeople stated Tyson had not disclosed the use of this antibiotic to the agency, and they issued a letter informing Tyson that the "raised without antibiotics" claim was not truthful. A Tyson spokesperson acknowledged that the company uses the antibiotic and stated that its use is standard industry practice.

The USDA had approved the "raised without antibiotics" label, but withdrew their approval after learning Tyson used ionophores. Tyson and the USDA compromised on rewording Tyson's slogan as "raised without antibiotics that impact antibiotic resistance in humans",[152] but the USDA later said Tyson could not use that label either.[153] In June 2008, Tyson agreed to voluntarily remove its "raised without antibiotics" label in future packaging and advertising.[154]

In 2015, Tyson Foods announced plans to stop feeding chickens with antibiotics used in human medicine.[155][156] In 2017, the company announced plans to stop using all antibiotics on chickens for Tyson-branded breasts, nuggets, and wings.[157] In 2023, Tyson introduced ionophores into their chicken feed and dropped the "no antibiotics ever" label from their chicken products.[158]

A USDA inspection announced in August 2024 found that 20% of tested beef samples on track to be labeled as antibiotic-free were positive for antibiotics. The advocacy group Farm Forward found, through a Freedom of Information Act request, that Tyson was one of several producers of beef that tested positive for antibiotics, alongside JBS and Cargill.[159]

Animal welfare

Tyson Foods has been embroiled in numerous scandals related to animal abuse and cruelty.

After undercover investigations of animal abuse at Tyson Foods went public, Tyson argued that the undercover animal rights activists were at fault for the abuse by not actively preventing it.[98]

In 2006, Tyson completed a study to determine whether controlled atmosphere killing, which uses gas to render chickens unconscious before slaughter, could be a more humane practice than conventional electrical stunning. According to Bill Lovette, Tyson's senior group vice president of poultry and prepared foods, the study found no difference between the humaneness of the two methods.[160] The company planned to ask scientists at the University of Arkansas to initiate a similar study to test these initial results.[161]

In 2012, Tyson introduced an auditing program known as FarmCheck to check how animals are treated by the company's suppliers. The program was introduced as a trial on certain hog farms, and was the first major program of its kind to apply penalties to producers for noncompliance.[162]

Food recalls

On January 30, 2019, Tyson Foods announced a recall for over 36,000 pounds of chicken nuggets that were at risk of being contaminated with small pieces of rubber. The recall followed allegations by consumers who submitted complaints to the U.S. Agriculture Department.[175] On March 21, 2019, the company issued a recall for 69,000 pounds of chicken strips potentially contaminated with pieces of metal,[176] following six complaints submitted to the Food Safety and Inspection Service. An expanded recall for nearly 12 million pounds of chicken strips was issued on May 4, 2019.[177]

On June 7, 2019, Tyson Foods announced a recall for over 190,000 pounds of chicken fritters, which potentially contained hard plastic following reports from three consumers. The products were not sold in retail stores but supplied to various food service locations, including schools.[178]

On July 3, 2021, Tyson Foods announced a recall for approximately 8,955,296 pounds of ready-to-eat (RTE) chicken products that may have been adulterated with Listeria

Tyson Foods

History

Acquisitions and investments

Corporate governance

CEOs

Environmental record

Labor relations

Workers' rights

Employment of illegal immigrants

Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic

Production

Use of antibiotics

Animal welfare

Food recalls

Price manipulation

See also

External links

References

Meat alternatives and clean meat

Insects

Sports collaborations

Meat alternatives and clean meat

Insects

Sports collaborations

Corporate charity

Research and development