Exportation of TRT programmes
TRT, recognized as Turkey's state television broadcaster and engaged in public broadcasting, initially captured viewership with imported programs, series, and films from abroad, gradually expanding its screens to include domestic productions and producing its own content. {{C[17]
Turkish TV series, widely popular within Turkey, have now gained international recognition, surpassing expectations and serving as a promotional tool for Turkey, leading the country to become the second-largest exporter of TV series globally {{as of|2018}}.<ref nam[18] Turkey, exporting its TV programmes internationally since 1981, particularly highlighted by the export of the series "Aşk-ı Memnu" first aired on TRT in 1975 to France, has become the second-largest exporter of TV series globally after the United States as of 2019, and in 2022, it is known that around 100 Turkish series were exported to 150 countries, emphasizing the economic significance and communicative role of TV series. {{Ci[19] Considering all these, it can be noted that “Turkish TV series now reach 400 million viewers worldwide”.<ref name="Caglan
Since 2000, Turkish soap operas have consistently grown in production, achieving significant success locally and expanding their influence globally through exports, initially in regions culturally connected to the former Ottoman Empire such as the Balkans and the Middle East, and subsequently reaching as far as Latin America, China, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, and more.<ref name="Laroche[20] It should be also stated that "after 2010, the film and television sector received growing support from the Ministry of Customs and Trade to promote exports in the sector".<ref name="Caglan It is scholarly stated that "over the twelve-year period from 2010 to 2022, information indicates that TRT has undertaken 50 different television projects in the 'family' genre, constituting approximately 55.55% of the total TV series broadcasting during this period".<ref name="OKUMUS-
Turkish television soap operas blend globalized consumerism and romantic love, transcending national boundaries, yet they also portray traditional family structures and gender roles, setting them apart from the American prototype—a characteristic referred to as the "Turkish touch".<ref name="Laroche Similarly, TV series, initially exported to the Middle East and Balkan countries, have gradually been sold to various countries, including the United States, turning the present-day TV industry into a massive globalized sector and representing a significant counterflow in the global circulation of cultural products. {{Cite web |t[21]
When Turkish exports initially gained popularity in the Middle East and Balkans, there was a prevailing belief that the resonance of content and characters with the cultural preferences of the audiences explained their widespread appeal.<ref name="Televisi[22] However, as research indicates that transnational viewers in the Middle East find the stories, traditions, and family relations relatable to their own reality, it is noteworthy that Turkish TV exports have also garnered popularity in diverse regions such as Africa, Latin America, Europe, and Asia.<ref name="Televisi Overall, Turkey is implementing a new foreign policy, aimed at expanding connections beyond the Western world, grounded in acknowledging historical, cultural, and political ties with the MENA and Central Asia; and the Turkish government is actively striving to establish Turkey as a global and regional leader. {{Cite journal[23]<ref name=":0">{{Ci[24] {{Cite web |da[25]
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