Sandisk Corporation (formerly branded SanDisk) is an American multinational computer semiconductor company based in Milpitas, California, that designs and manufactures flash memory products, including memory cards, USB flash drives, and solid-state drives (SSDs).
History
The company was originally founded in 1988 as SunDisk by Eli Harari, Sanjay Mehrotra, and Jack Yuan.[3]
Harari developed the Floating Gate EEPROM which proved the practicality, reliability and endurance of semiconductor-based data storage.[4] The three co-founders had the goal of developing and selling solid state storage products that could hold data for years without requiring external power.[5]
In 1991, SanDisk produced the first flash-based solid-state drive (SSD) in a 2.5-inch hard disk drive form factor for IBM with a 20 MB capacity priced at about $1,000.[6]
In 1992, SanDisk introduced FlashDisk, a series of memory cards made for the PCMCIA or PC Card form factor, so they could be inserted into the expansion slots of many laptops and handheld PCs of the time. Unlike other similar products at the time, FlashDisks did not require a battery to store their contents. SanDisk discontinued their production in 2002, and the highest capacity model had 8 gigabytes of capacity.[7]
On November 8, 1995, SunDisk changed its name to SanDisk to avoid confusion with Sun Microsystems,[7] and went public under the new name via an initial public offering, marking the company's first tenure on the Nasdaq under the stock ticker SNDK. 16 million shares were sold at a price of $10.00 per share.
On May 10, 2000, the Toshiba Corporation of Japan and the SanDisk Corporation said that they would jointly form a new semiconductor company to produce advanced flash memory, primarily for digital cameras.[8]
In 2005 SanDisk entered the digital audio player market with the release of its first flash-based MP3 player, the SanDisk Sansa e100.[9] As soon as 2006, they became the second largest maker of digital audio players in the United States behind Apple.[10]
In October 2005, SanDisk acquired Matrix Semiconductor.[11] In July 2006, SanDisk acquired M-Systems.[12] In May 2011, SanDisk acquired Pliant Technology, a manufacturer of solid state drives, for $327 million.[13] In February 2012, SanDisk acquired FlashSoft. In June 2012, SanDisk acquired Schooner Information Technology, developer of the flash-optimized database software SchoonerSQL and caching software Membrain.[14] In July 2013, SanDisk acquired SMART Storage Systems, a producer of SSDs for the enterprise market, for $307 million.[15] In June 2014, SanDisk acquired Fusion-io, a producer of flash memory for enterprise data centers, for $1.1 billion.[16]
In 2012, the Enough Project ranked SanDisk the third best of the 24 consumer electronics companies surveyed for their "progress on conflict minerals".[17]
In 2014, SanDisk co-founder Harari won the National Medal of Technology and Innovation from President Barack Obama for his innovations and contributions to flash memory storage.[18]
On January 8, 2015, NexGen Storage, which had been acquired by Fusion-io, was spun out as an independent company;[19] it would be acquired by Pivot3 in January 2016.[20]
In October 2015, Western Digital announced its intent to acquire SanDisk for $19 billion.[21] The acquisition was completed on May 12, 2016; the valuation was lowered to $16 billion after Chinese company Unisplendour pulled out of an agreement to acquire a 15% stake in WD.[22][23]
In October 2023, Western Digital announced its intent to spin off its flash storage businesses as a new public company under the SanDisk name, leaving WD focused solely on hard drives. In addition to SanDisk-branded products, the spin-off would also include all flash storage products that were marketed under the WD branding. The company began preparations for the split in October 2024, when all product listings and information for WD-branded flash storage products were moved under the SanDisk website.[24][25] In December 2024, SanDisk unveiled a new pixel-inspired logo (replacing a design used in various forms since 1995), changing its stylization to "Sandisk".[26]
The split was completed on February 24, 2025, with Sandisk Corporation relisted on the Nasdaq for the first time since its 2016 acquisition by WD (under the same ticker symbol from its 1995 IPO to its 2016 acquisition by WD, SNDK), and WD CEO David Goeckeler moving to the new company. WD continues to hold an equity stake in Sandisk,[27] but had trimmed it to around $1 billion by early 2026 and planned to sell it all off over time.[28] In January 2026, it was announced that the WD-branded "Blue" and "Black" SSDs products by Sandisk would be rebranded as "Sandisk Optimus" and "Optimus GX" respectively, maintaining the same model numbers.[29]
The company's stock will be re-added to the Nasdaq-100 index on April 20, 2026.[30]
See also
- Eye-Fi
- FlashCP
- SanDisk portable media players
- SanDisk Professional
- USB flash drive security
- U3
- ULLtraDIMM
External links
References
- SanDisk LLC General Information Name Search, Delaware Division of Corporations, retrieved April 27, 2024^
- FY 2025 Annual Report (Form 10-K) U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, August 21, 2025^
- Scott Duke Harris. Mercury News interview: SanDisk CEO helped launch digital revolution