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Sako M23

The Sako M23 (officially )[1] is a Finnish family of military precision rifles designed by Sako in cooperation with the Finnish Defence Forces[2] and the Swedish Armed Forces,[3] manufactured by Sako.[4] The M23 is a part of the larger Sako ARG rifle family.

History

In May 2020, the Finnish Defence Forces announced that they had signed a letter of intent with Sako for the development of a new rifle system in two configurations, one for infantry designated marksmen and one as a sniper rifle.[2]

At the time, the rifle system was known as the K22[2] .[5] The new rifle system was planned as a complete replacement for the existing Dragunov sniper rifle and as a partial replacement for the TKIV 85 sniper rifle.[2]

The Inspector of the Infantry, Colonel specified that the rifle system should be deliverable in 2022, be chambered in 7.62×51mm NATO and be more ergonomic than the previous systems.[2] He noted, that at the time the K22 program did not have other participating nations, but other nations could join should they have similar needs for a rifle and a similar schedule.[2]

In April 2021, the Finnish Defence Forces announced that they had signed an information exchange agreement with the Swedish Armed Forces concerning small arms.[6] The Commander of the Finnish Army, Lieutenant General said in a press conference in October 2021 that Sweden was participating in the K22 program.[3]

On 21 December 2021, the Finnish Defence Forces announced the procurement of the M23 in the planned two configurations, at an initial price of €10 million, with an option of up to €525 million.[7] The purchase includes also equipment for the rifle, spare parts, servicing equipment and training for the system by Sako.[7] At the same time, the Minister of Defence of Finland also authorised the Finnish Defence Forces to perform a joint acquisition with Sweden.[7]

In October 2025, the Finnish Defence Forces announced that they will carry out field testing of 5.56 mm Sako rifles (based on the same design as the M23). The trials will be used to determine requirements for a 5.56 mm rifle to replace the RK 62 as the standard Finnish service rifle.[8]

Design

The Sako M23 is based on the American AR-10 and AR-15 (originally designed by Eugene Stoner), with a proprietary self-regulating short stroke gas piston.[4][9]

As displayed in the announcement of the adoption of the rifle system by the Finnish Defence Forces, and confirmed by Major, the rifle features a telescoping Magpul CTR stock,[10] green ceramic surface treatment, ambidextrous controls, has a full length NATO Accessory Rail (STANAG 4694) on top of the receiver and handguard for sights and M-LOK rail on the handguard for various accessories.[4][11]

FDF issued kit of the M23 includes 10 and 20 round magazines, bipod and an Ase Utra sound suppressor.[11] The TKIV 23 has a Steiner Optics M7Xi 2.9–20×50 telescopic sight with the Finnaccuracy MSR reticle variant MSR FDF reticle, while the KIV 23 has a Trijicon VCOG 1–6×24 telescopic sight.[11]

The Finnish Defence Forces also has signed a letter of intent with Nammo Lapua Oy for developing a domestically produced 7.62 cartridge for the Sako M23, the MG 3 and FN MAG which FDF uses.[12][13]

Adoption

Finland

The Finnish Defence Forces have adopted the rifle in two configurations, as the 7.62 KIV 23 designated marksman rifle variant and 7.62 TKIV 23 variant, which are to enter service in 2023.[4]

Sweden

In March 2023, Sweden announced it will procure 5.56 and 7.62 variants of the Sako ARG to replace their current carbine, rifle, and DMR inventory.[14]

As of March 2023, the Swedish Defence Materiel Administration intends to buy the ARG in both 5.56 and 7.62 variants of different barrel lengths, as part of a larger project to replace their current small arms inventory.[14]

The 5.56 personal defense weapon (SSV 24) will have an 11.5 inch barrel, an Aimpoint CompM5 red-dot sight and Magpul furniture.[15]The introduction of the 5.56 variant will start in 2025, and the 7.62 variants will begin seeing service in 2026.

The 5.56 PDW variant with an 11.5" barrel will replace the current Swedish inventory of Ak 5D carbines and other PDWs, while the infantry 7.62 rifle (16" or 18") will replace existing Automatkarbin 5C rifles and Automatkarbin 4B/C rifles.

The 7.62 marksman variant (18" or 20") will replace the Ak 4D DMR. The Swedish procurement will supply both the armed forces (including Home Guard), police, customs service, SÄPO, and coast guard.

Variants

  • K22 – prototype[3]
  • 7.62 KIV 23 – designated marksman rifle[4]
  • 7.62 TKIV 23 – sniper rifle[4]

Users

  • 🇫🇮 Finland[4]
  • 🇸🇪 Sweden[16]

See also

  • Sako ARG
  • M110 Semi-Automatic Sniper System
  • Heckler & Koch HK417

References

  1. Kiväärijärjestelmä M23 Finnish Defence Forces, retrieved 4 February 2026^
  2. Leevi Larkovuo. Uuden kiväärijärjestelmän kehitystyö alkaa ruotuvaki.fi, Finnish Defence Forces, 26 May 2020, retrieved 21 December 2021^
  3. Jouko Juonala. Puolustusvoimien perinteinen RK 62 jää kohta historiaan – korvaaja voi olla kevyempi Ilta-Sanomat, Sanoma Media Finland, 19 October 2021, retrieved 21 December 2021^
  4. New rifle system to supplement infantry capability maavoimat.fi, Finnish Defence Forces, 21 December 2021, retrieved 21 December 2021^
  5. Jukka Harju. Suomi ja Ruotsi suunnittelevat asekauppaa: Tarkoitus on hankkia yhdessä suuri määrä uusia tarkkuuskivääreitä Helsingin Sanomat, Sanoma Media Finland, 18 October 2021, retrieved 22 December 2021^
  6. Suomi ja Ruotsi allekirjoittivat käsiaseita koskevan tiedonvaihtosopimuksen puolustusvoimat.fi, Finnish Defence Forces, 26 April 2021, retrieved 22 December 2021^
  7. Puolustusvoimat hankkii uusia kiväärijärjestelmiä ja tiivistää yhteistyötä Ruotsin kanssa defmin.fi, Ministry of Defence (Finland), 21 December 2021, retrieved 22 December 2021^
  8. The Finnish Defence Forces to shift to using NATO-standard calibres for new small arms maavoimat.fi, Finnish Defence Forces, 2025-10-28, retrieved 2025-11-08^
  9. US20230160648A1 - Gas system of a firearm Sako, 25 May 2023, retrieved 27 August 2024^
  10. Mika Mäenpää. Muutamia kysyttyjä faktoja Kiväärijärjestelmä M23:sta 23 December 2021, retrieved 17 November 2022^
  11. Mika Mäenpää. Muutamia kysyttyjä faktoja Kiväärijärjestelmä M23:sta 23 December 2021, retrieved 17 November 2022^
  12. Mika Mäenpää. #Kiväärijärjestelmä23 etenee! Sama patruuna käy myös PSVKK MG3:n ja PSVKK FN MAG:n. 24 March 2022, retrieved 17 November 2022^
  13. Puolustusvoimille uusi taistelupatruuna Finnish Defence Forces Logistics Command, 23 March 2022, retrieved 17 November 2022^
  14. Eldhandvapen Swedish Defence Materiel Administration, 27 March 2023, retrieved 27 March 2023^
  15. Nya Eldhandvapen Swedish Defence Materiel Administration, retrieved 2 December 2023^
  16. POTD: Sweden's New Automatic Carbine 24 The Firearm Blog, 12 June 2024, retrieved 22 June 2024^