Perry Drug Stores

Perry Drug Stores was an American retail pharmacy chain founded in 1957 in the city of Pontiac, Michigan, United States.

At its peak in the 1980s, Perry operated more than 200 drug stores, primarily in the state of Michigan, as well as 200 Auto Works auto parts stores and fourteen A. L. Price discount health and beauty aids outlets.

In 1995, Perry Drug Stores was bought out by Rite Aid, a pharmacy chain based in Camp Hill, Pennsylvania. The Perry chain, which at the time comprised 224 stores, was the largest acquisition ever made by Rite Aid. In addition, this acquisition brought the Rite Aid name to the Detroit area for the first time.

History

Founder Jack A. Robinson opened his first Perry Drug Store in 1957 on Perry Street in Pontiac, Michigan.[1] A second store was opened in 1960. The company was listed on the New York Stock Exchange in 1973.[2]

In 1978, a prototype Perry store was opened, featuring an expanded sporting goods line, a home and automotive center, and live pets for sale.[3] Auto Works, an automotive parts retail chain, was introduced in 1982.[3]

In 1982, Cunningham Drug sold off 28 Michigan locations to new owners, who then relaunched them under the Apex Drug name.[4] By 1985, the Apex Drug stores and several other Cunningham locations were sold to Perry, while the Cunningham locations in Florida remained in operation.[5][6]

In 1989, Perry Drug expanded into the Chicago, Illinois market for the first time.[7] (The chain had previously tried to enter Chicago through a failed acquisition of DeKoven Drugs.)[3] A year later, these 16 stores were sold to businessmen Fred Barney and Bill Cartwright, two veteran businessmen who formed the Chicago operations into Perry Drug Chicago.[8] In 1984, Perry acquired 12 stores in Flint owned by Cook Drug, along with its medical supply business.[9][10] It also signed a letter of intent to acquire six stores in Grand Rapids operated by Remes Drug Stores. However, Rite Aid ultimately bought these stores.[11] By 1986, the company had 210 drug stores and 230 auto parts stores.[2] However, after suffering losses in the next two years, Perry divested its Auto Works chain in 1988 in order to focus on its drug store business in Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, and Wisconsin.[12][13]

In 1990, Perry acquired 16 Revco stores, then an additional 24 Revco locations later in the year, all in Michigan.[14][15] This acquisition made Perry the dominant drugstore chain in the Detroit area and expanded Perry's presence to the Upper Peninsula for the first time.[14] Perry sold off its locations in Indiana and Wisconsin, as well as its A. L. Price discount stores.[16][17][18][19] By the end of the year, the chain announced several cost cutting initiatives, including a 10% reduction in its administrative staff and the sale of its unprofitable wholesale medical and surgical supply business.[20][21]

After its out-of-state operations were sold, Perry continued to expand its presence within Michigan. Many locations were remodeled to the chain's "store of the '90s" format;[22] in addition, an online computer system called PerryLink was implemented at all stores, allowing for customers to have their prescriptions filled at any location.[23]

In 1992, Arbor Drugs, Perry's chief rival in Michigan, surpassed its market share in Detroit.[24] By 1993, Perry Drug Chicago's 14 locations were acquired by their supplier and wholesaler, McKesson, and were either sold or liquidated.[25]

Sale to Rite Aid

Rite Aid, a drugstore chain based in Camp Hill, Pennsylvania, acquired twenty-five locations from Hook's Drug Stores in 1994, subsequently selling nine of the locations to Perry.[26] Just weeks later, Rite Aid put in a tender offer to acquire all 224 of Perry Drug Stores' locations, including the former Hook's Drugs locations Robinson agreed to stay on for a year as president of Rite Aid Michigan.[27] The offer was completed by January 1995, at which point Rite Aid owned 94.5% of Perry stock.[28] Perry's ultimate selling price of $11 per share was said to be low by industry analysts at the time, the result of rapid diversification.[29] It was the largest acquisition made by Rite Aid at the time. The deal also tripled the chain's presence in Michigan and brought Rite Aid to the Detroit area, where it previously had no stores.[30][31][32]

Perry Drug Stores, Inc. remained an active subsidiary of Rite Aid (owning stores held by the company at its closure), as shown in the company's October 2023 Chapter 11 bankruptcy filings.[33]

On May 5, 2025, Rite Aid filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy for the second time in two years, listing assets and liabilities between $1 billion and $10 billion. Rite Aid will sell all of its assets as part of its procedure, as it overcomes financial challenges such as debt, increased competition, and inflation, including Perry Drug Stores.[34]

Other operations

In addition to the drugstore chain, Perry owned two other specialty chains: Auto Works and A.L. Price.

Auto Works

Unlike other drug stores, Perry diversified by carry non-traditional items such as automotive parts like brakes, shocks, exhaust systems, and carburetors in their drug stores as early as 1975.[35][36] By 1978, Perry had 15 of its 56 stores, all in lower Michigan, carrying auto parts.[37]

A few years later, Perry decided to open standalone auto part stores called Auto Works. By March 1983, three stores had been opened in Michigan and Chicago, with plans to open 20 more.[38] Perry's entry into the auto parts retailing space kicked off similar efforts from Rite Aid, Dart Drug, and Hook's.[39]

In July 1983, Perry signed a letter of intent to acquire Indianapolis-based Fleenor's Inc. with its chain of 50 auto part stores in Indiana, Ohio, and Kentucky.[40][41] After the acquisition was finalized, the Fleenor Auto Supply stores were rebranded FAS Auto Works.[42] In 1984, Perry acquired 25 stores in the St. Louis area, expanding the company into Missouri for the first time. The acquisition included the 22-store Jack Lampert-Singer Super Auto Parts chain and three stores operated by Pappy's Discount Auto Stores.[43][11][10] In October, Perry acquired Corvair Auto Parts with its chain of 46 auto part stores in Indiana, Ohio, Kentucky, and West Virginia. This transaction brought its store total to 150, which was more than the number of drug stores it owned.[44][45][46]

By May 1985, all FAS Auto Works and Corvair Auto Works stores were rebrand to just Auto Works.[47] However, for the first time in company history, Perry lost money in 1987, reporting $7.9 million in losses on sales of $726 million. Auto Works proved to be a bigger strain on resources than anticipated, and it would require even more investment to be profitable. The company had also taken on a heavy debt load to build the Auto Works chain and overpaid on acquisitions.[48]

Perry sold its Auto works division with its 252 stores in Michigan, Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin, Kentucky, Missouri and West Virginia to Northern Automotive in Northern Automotive for $51 million in February 1988.[49]

After five years of ownership, Northern Automotive failed to turn the ailing chain around and subsequently sold Auto Works' 159 retail stores in Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri, Ohio and West Virginia to Hahn Automotive Warehouse in November 1993 for $13 million in cash.[50][51]

Hahn finally closed Auto Works with its 53 stores in August 1997 after filing for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.[52]

A.L. Price

A.L. Price was a deep-discount health and beauty aids retailer with sixteen locations in the Detroit area that was started in 1983.

A.L. Price had 16 stores at the beginning of 1990.[53] In April 1990, Perry Drug Stores announced that it has plans to sell off 14 of its 16 A. L. Price locations for $14.8 million and convert the remaining two into Perry Drug stores, as part of a decision to focus entirely on the drugstore chain itself.[54][55] In March 1993, the chain, under new management, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. At the time of the filing, A.L. Price had 12 stores.[56] As one of the creditors, Perry initially announced that it plans to buy all 12 stores back for $2 million plus inventory,[57] but latter change the number to 11 and increase the purchase price to $10.8 million[58][59]

By May 1994, Perry closed all of the re-purchased A.L. Price stores, except for three. Perry had plans of converting one of the stores into a Perry store, merging the inventory of the second store into a nearby existing Perry store, and no announced plans for the remaining store.[60] The remaining three stores were finally closed by the end of 1994 with plans of converting two of the stores into drive-through pharmacies.[61]

References

  1. Robinson leads Perry forward Chain Drug Review, Racher Press, Inc., September 13, 1993^
  2. BUSINESS PEOPLE; Perry Drug's President Announces Resignation The New York Times, December 16, 1986, retrieved 2025-08-09^
  3. Twenty-five years at a glance. Chain Drug Review, Racher Press, Inc., September 15, 2003^
  4. David Pinto. Devine a link to industry's halcyon days Chain Drug Review, August 18, 2008, retrieved August 8, 2025^
  5. Devine, new Affil./Assoc. prez, gears up for the '90s Drug Store News, Lebhar-Friedman, Inc., September 10, 1990^
  6. Devine, new Affil./Assoc. prez, gears up for the '90s Drug Store News, September 10, 1990, retrieved August 8, 2025^
  7. Perry extends tactics to Illinois Chain Drug Review, Racher Press, Inc., September 11, 1989^
  8. James Frederick. Perry Chicago gets a remake Drug Store News, Lebhar-Friedman, Inc., December 9, 1991, retrieved 2007-11-27^
  9. COMPANY BRIEFS The New York Times, 1984-06-22, retrieved 2025-08-09^
  10. Perry Drug Stores Inc. announced Monday it has completed... UPI, September 24, 1984, retrieved 2025-08-10^
  11. The Pink Sheet. PERRY's RECENT ACQUISITIONS INCLUDE 12-STORE DRUG CHAIN Insights, 1984-10-01, retrieved 2025-08-10^
  12. Stan Luxenberg. INVESTING; Why Pharmacy Stocks are Climbing The New York Times, August 13, 1989, retrieved 2025-08-09^
  13. – The Perry Drug Store chain is… Chicago Tribune, 1989-05-04, retrieved 2025-08-09^
  14. James Frederick. Perry Drug snaps up 24 more Mich. Revcos Drug Store News, Lebhar-Friedman, Inc., July 23, 1990, retrieved 2007-11-27^
  15. PERRY DRUG TO ACQUIRE 24 REVCO STORES Chicago Tribune, 1990-07-03, retrieved 2025-08-09^
  16. James Frederick. Perry Drug predicts rebound from '90 loss Drug Store News, Lebhar-Friedman, Inc., January 7, 1991, retrieved 2007-11-27^
  17. Tammy Joyner. Perry Drops Wisconsin, Indiana Money-Losers Detroit News, March 14, 1990^
  18. Perry Drug Stores Inc. will leave the… Chicago Tribune, 1990-03-14, retrieved 2025-08-09^
  19. BRIEFS (Published 1990) The New York Times, April 25, 1990, retrieved 2025-08-10^
  20. PERRY DRUG OUTLINES COST-CUTTING MEASURES Chicago Tribune, 1990-11-07, retrieved 2025-08-09^
  21. Perry Drug Stores announces layoffs, restructuring UPI, November 6, 1990, retrieved 2025-08-10^
  22. James Frederick. Perry Drug predicts rebound from '90 loss Drug Store News, Lebhar-Friedman, Inc., January 7, 1991, retrieved 2007-11-27^
  23. Perry computers tie Rx into network Drug Store News, Lebhar-Friedman, Inc., August 20, 1990^
  24. International directory of company histories. Vol. 12 St. James Press, 1996^
  25. Perry Drug Chicago on brink of extinction Drug Store News, Lebhar-Friedman, Inc., June 7, 1993^
  26. Rite Aid, Perry grow in Michigan Chain Drug Review, Racher Press, Inc., November 21, 1994, retrieved 2007-11-27^
  27. Lisa I. Fried. Perry-Rite Aid consolidation begins Drug Store News, Lebhar-Friedman, Inc. / EnsembleIQ, February 20, 1995, retrieved 2007-11-27^
  28. COMPANY BRIEFS The New York Times, 1995-01-31, retrieved 2025-08-09^
  29. Alan Abrams. Life After Arbor The Detroit Jewish News, January 15, 1999, retrieved 2025-08-10^
  30. Rite Aid agrees to buy Perry Drug for $132 million Corporate Growth Report Weekly, Quality Services Company / NVST, Inc., January 9, 1995^
  31. Rite Aid: About Us: History Rite Aid, retrieved 2007-11-28^
  32. Richard Ringer. COMPANY NEWS; Rite Aid to Buy Michigan Drug Chain The New York Times, December 28, 1994, retrieved 2025-08-09^
  33. Perry Drug Stores, Inc. Files For Bankruptcy BKData, October 15, 2023, retrieved October 15, 2023^
  34. Dietrich Knauth. Rite Aid files for second bankruptcy in two years Reuters, May 5, 2025, retrieved May 5, 2025^
  35. Pushing Automotives to New Heights Discount Merchandiser, Redcoat Publishing / VNU eMedia, Inc., October 1981^
  36. Gordon Mitchell. Fast-Growing Perry Drug Stores To Ring Up Another Profits Peak Barron's National Business and Financial Weekly, Dow Jones & Company Inc., July 12, 1976^
  37. Perry Drug Stores Comes Up With Right Prescription for Growth Barron's National Business and Financial Weekly, Dow Jones & Company Inc., March 13, 1978^
  38. Stockholder Meeting Briefs Wall Street Journal, Dow Jones & Company Inc., March 16, 1983^
  39. The Pink Sheet. RITE AID ACCELERATING INTO AUTO PARTS RETAILING WITH ACQUISITION OF ADAP Insights, 1984-03-26, retrieved 2025-08-10^
  40. Drugstore to buy Fleenor's Inc. Indianapolis Star, July 27, 1983^
  41. Fleenor's sale to Perry chain mean new jobs in Muncie Muncie Evening Press, July 29, 1983^
  42. FAS Auto Works ad Indianapolis Star, October 10, 1983^
  43. BRIEFS The New York Times, 1984-08-28, retrieved 2025-08-09^
  44. Perry Drug has more auto parts units than drug stores The Pink Sheet, October 22, 1984^
  45. Mark Braykovich. Local FAS Auto Works on list of stores eyed for acquisition Palladium-Item, October 29, 1984^
  46. Perry Drug to Add 46 Car Part Stores New York Times, October 11, 1984^
  47. Auto Works ad Indianapolis Star, May 5, 1985^
  48. Kathy Jackson. Perry Drug Takes Strong Medicine Crain's Detroit Business, February 22, 1988, retrieved August 10, 2025^
  49. Richard C. Halverson. Schuck's Group buys Auto Works - Northern Automotive, formerly Checker-Schuck's-Kragen Discount Store News, February 15, 1988, retrieved September 11, 2024^
  50. Business Brief -- Hahn Automotive Warehouse Inc.: Auto Works to Be Acquired From Northern Retail Corp. Wall Street Journal, Dow Jones, November 1, 1993^
  51. Hahn Automotive Warehouse 10Q U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, December 31, 1996^
  52. Michigan Auto Works stores started sales last Saturday Argus-Press, August 26, 1997^
  53. Melinda Wilson. F&M Will Expand as Newcomer Enters Market Crain's Detroit Business, January 29, 1990^
  54. Perry agrees to divest its 14 A.L. Price units. Chain Drug Review, Racher Press, Inc., May 21, 1990^
  55. Susan Tompor. Perry Drug Will Sell A.L. Price Detroit News, April 24, 1990^
  56. Angela King. A.L. Price chain forced to declare bankruptcy Detroit News, March 16, 1993^
  57. Perry Drug Stores proposes to acquire 12 A.L. Price stores Perry Drug, April 23, 1993^
  58. Perry completes takeover of A.L. Price Drug Store News, Lebhar-Friedman, Inc., July 26, 1993^
  59. Business Briefs Wall Street Journal, June 22, 1993^
  60. Jean Halliday. Perry takes its medicine Crain's Detroit Business, May 2, 1994^
  61. Cecilia Deck. Rx: Drive-through Detroit News, October 1, 1994^