The DC Animated Universe (DCAU, also referred to as the Timmverse or Diniverse by fans) is a shared fictional universe based on DC Comics properties and media franchise produced by Warner Bros. Animation.It began with Batman: The Animated Series in 1992 and ended with Justice League Unlimited in 2006.Batman and Harley Quinn and Justice League vs. the Fatal Five are partially connected to this continuity. The associated media franchise includes theatrical and direct-to-video feature films, shorts, comic books, video games, and other multimedia adaptations.
The DC Animated Universe has been praised for its storytelling, voice acting, animation, and maturity, with several of its shows listed among the greatest animated television series of all time.[1][2] It has also influenced the mainstream DC Comics in various ways, such as introducing new characters, revamped backstories, and character designs.[3]
List of DC Animated Universe media
While there are many animated projects based upon DC Comics characters, the DC Animated Universe consists of TV series and films that spin off from Batman: The Animated Series. While the series is largely standalone, two characters outside of the normal Batman canon, Zatanna and Jonah Hex, would guest star.However, the first series to indicate a shared continuity with other well-known characters was Superman: The Animated Series, in which the title character encounters heroes such as Batman, the Wally West version of Flash, the Green LanternKyle Rayner, Aquaman, and Doctor Fate.The follow-up sequel to Batman: The Animated Series, titled The New Batman Adventures would feature an art style revamp similar to Superman: The Animated Series, and these two shows would feature crossovers.Both of those shows would be followed by Batman Beyond, which featured an elderly, retired Bruce Wayne passing on the mantle to Terry McGinnis, the Batman of the future.
After Batman Beyond's third season, the Justice League show followed, which starred Batman, Superman, Wonder Woman, The Flash (Wally West), Green Lantern (John Stewart), Martian Manhunter (J'onn J'onzz), and Hawkgirl.After two seasons, the series was rebranded as Justice League Unlimited, a successor series which expanded the League roster and was the final series set in the DC Animated Universe.In between these shows was also Static Shock, which told the story of Virgil Hawkins and showcased a different aspect of the DC Animated Universe. It was the first time an African American superhero was the titular character of his own animated show. It explored many diverse stories and characters throughout its run. Another show that aired was The Zeta Project, which was a spin-off series based on the character Zeta from the Batman Beyond episode of the same name, an android who is on the run from NSA agents. The Zeta Project is largely unconnected to the larger DC Animated Universe, with Zeta appearing in one episode of Batman Beyond following his introduction and Batman appearing in one episode of The Zeta Project.
Television series
The DC Animated Universe consists of the following animated television series:
Feature films
The DCAU continuity also includes the following feature films:
Short films
Digital series
Offshoot material
The DCAU also includes tie-in materials such as comic books, video games, and direct-to video films with a similar animation style; however, their continuity is disputable. While they are sometimes marketed as being part of the DCAU, some of these works have contradictory elements or are written by a different team.
For instance, many of the DCAU tie-in comics were written by a different team than the animated crew, such as the Ty Templeton penned The Batman Adventures comic series.However, some of the comics, such as the Batman: The Adventures Continue comics were written by the animated series writers, Paul Dini and Alan Burnett.Per the opinion of Bruce Timm, who has commented about the continuity of the DCAU comics previously, said "we didn't have any direct input on the comics...DC never solicited our opinions on what they were doing, nor would we have had time to give them notes if they had--I learned very early on not to get my nose bent out of joint if they did something in the comics we would never have done--my own personal way of dealing with it was to consider only the animated episodes themselves as true canon-which means that even Mad Love wasn't purely canonical until we adapted it for the animated series."[13]
In terms of feature films, the 2006 feature film Superman: Brainiac Attacks has been stated by writer Duane Capizzi that it was not intended to be part of the DCAU, despite using the same animation style and many of the voice actors from Superman: The Animated Series.[14]
Cancelled projects
An animated series based on the Teen Titans comic books was planned for the DC Animated Universe during the mid-1990s, but was ultimately scrapped, however the team was confirmed to exist in the universe in the Static Shock (which was also not initially intended to be part of the DCAU until the second season) episode "Hard as Nails" with Robin confirmed to be a member by Batman.[15] Instead a Teen Titans series not related to the DC animated universe was released.Also, after the success of Batman: The Animated Series in the early 1990s, Fox approached producer Bruce Timm to create a spin-off series focusing on Catwoman, but the project never materialized.[15]
In 1998, writer John P. McCann had been tasked with coming up with a Lobo animated series in the DC Animated Universe, with Brad Garrett set to reprise his role as the character, but the show had been cancelled right before production.A few elements of the show would find its way in the 2000
Recurring cast and characters
Comics
The Batman Beyond comic series is a loose adaptation of the Batman Beyond franchise, intended to fit the character and storylines from the series into the mainstream DC continuity. The miniseries began in June 2010, under the title Future Evil. In August 2010, the series was announced to continue following the completion of the first arc as an ongoing series.[29] That series concluded alongside the entire line of ongoing monthly DC Comics superhero books during the 2011 revamp and relaunch, titled The New 52.
Superman Beyond, a one-shot comic set in the same universe as Batman Beyond, was released in 2011.
Batman Beyond Unlimited, a title chronicling the adventures of the future Justice League introduced in the DCAU, was released in February 2012.[30] This series published monthly triple-sized issues, containing three stories of Terry McGinnis, Clark "Cal" Kent, and the future Justice League Unlimited, respectively.[31]
Batman Beyond Universe succeeded Unlimited in August 2013, condensing to double-monthly issues upon the elderly Superman's rejoining the future Justice League.[32]
Terry McGinnis was the central figure in The New 52: Futures End weekly series.[33]
In 2015–2016, DC Comics and IDW Publishing released a jointly produced, six-issue miniseries comic titled Batman/TMNT, where the New 52 Batman encounters the IDW incarnation of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles.The success of this miniseries inspired a similar crossover story, with Batman's DCAU incarnation meeting the Amazing Adventures comic version of the 2012 CGI series' Turtles.Titled Batman/TMNT Adventures, the concept was first announced in late July 2016 and scheduled for a six-issue release starting November 9, 2016.[34][35]
A comic book continuation of seven-issues of Justice League Unlimited, called Justice League Infinity, was released monthly between July 2021 and January 2022; the series is set after the show's finale and explores the consequences of Darkseid's disappearance and the League clashing with their alternate universe counterparts.
Outside media
Video games
Several DCAU tie-in video games were released to correspond with the various animated television series and films. Some of these games have original plots, while others follow previous stories; their status in DCAU continuity is unknown. The games are:
Six of these games feature voice acting from the casts of the original shows. These are: The Adventures of Batman and Robin (Sega CD/Mega-CD version), Superman, Batman Vengeance, Superman: Shadow of Apokolips, Batman: Rise of Sin Tzu, and View-Master Batman Animated VR. The Sega CD/Mega-CD game, The Adventures of Batman and Robin, also features animation from one of the studios that worked on Batman: The Animated Series.
The Heart of Batman
A 90-minute documentary film was released on October 16, 2018, as part of the Batman: The Complete Animated Series Deluxe Limited Edition[38] and Batman: The Complete Animated Series Blu-ray/Digital box set,[39][40] and was later made available on the official Warner Bros. Entertainment YouTube channel.[40][41][42]
Crossovers, adaptations, and references
TV series
Movies
Comics
Characters adapted from the DCAU
Though the DCAU is an offshoot of the mainstream DC comics universe, it has also affected the DC universe in return. The following characters were originally created for their respective series in the DCAU, but were eventually adapted into the mainstream comics continuity:
In addition, the backstory of Mr. Freeze was adapted from his portrayal in Batman: The Animated Series, and the visuals or characterization of Green Lantern, Supergirl, Toyman, Two-Face, Parasite, Metallo, Clayface, and many others have been applied to their comic counterparts.On a different note, issue #22 of DC Comics' Superman/Batman series, which explores alternate realities, had Bizarro transported to an alternate version of Gotham City that was patrolled by a Batman using the Batman Beyond version of the costume. A version of the future of Batman Beyond made an appearance in Countdown to Final Crisis #21, as part of the new Multiverse in the wake of the Infinite Crisis and 52 series, and a Batman Beyond series had been planned. In January 2015, DC published The Multiversity Guidebook which revealed a universe inspired by the DCAU is Earth-12 in the DC Multiverse, and currently in the Batman Beyond era, while the Justice Lords Earth from those Beyond comics has also been added to the continuity as Earth-50.[56]
Several characters and aspects from Static Shock animated series were integrated into the DC Comics continuity, particularly during the 2021 Milestone Returns relaunch and the 2008 Teen Titans era. The 2021 revival aimed to merge elements from the original 1990s comics with the animated show. For example, in the original comics, Virgil's best friend was Rick Stone. The 2021 reboot officially renamed this character Richie Foley, adapting his animated persona and status as the superhero Gear. Virgil's family was also revamped to the characterization from the series, for example Virgik's father beginning with Static: Season One. Additionally, the characters of Hotstreak, Rubberband Man and Puff were changed to resemble their animated counterparts.
webseries, an online Flash animated series starring Lobo, the galactic bounty hunter, however whether the webseries is part of the official DCAU is unclear.
A wax statue with the same character design as Lobo in this series appeared in an episode of Gotham Girls which somewhat support that the webseries is part of the official DCAU, although this is still disputed.
Unlike the other shows set in the DCAU, it has graphic violence, sexual content, strong profanity, and a lack of tie-ins with the greater DCAU.
Before the release of Batman Beyond: Return of the Joker, a third animated feature based on Batman: The Animated Series was planned, entitled Batman: Arkham.The film was supposed to be a follow-up for Batman & Mr. Freeze: SubZero, and Boyd Kirkland was attached to write and direct; but the project was soon scrapped.A second Batman Beyond movie was planned for release but was finally scrapped due to the dark tones and controversies of Return of the Joker in 2001.[16] Around 2003, during the production of Batman: Mystery of the Batwoman, Warner Bros. approached Kirkland to write a Catwomandirect-to-video feature film as a tie-in with the 2004 live-action film.Although the script was written, the project was soon scrapped after the poor reception of the live-action film.[17]
Also, a direct-to-video feature-length animated film entitled Justice League: Worlds Collide was planned to connect Justice League with its follow-up Justice League Unlimited, but the production was finally cancelled in 2004, and the script was later rewritten for the animated film Justice League: Crisis on Two Earths, removing all connections to the DCAU.[18][19]
In the early 2020s, Warner Bros. Animation approached Bruce Timm with the idea of producing a revival of Batman: The Animated Series set after the events of The New Batman Adventures, but Timm refused to develop a Batman show that was a continuation to The Animated Series, only being interested in a revival of Justice League that Warner wasn't interested in, with Timm opting to develop instead a new Batman series, that being Batman: Caped Crusader.[20][21]
Comic books
Many of the DCAU productions have also had comic books created based on the characters of the various series, though their continuity is disputable. The comics are:
