Establishment
After moving from China to Singapore,[8] LKF Medical's founder, Leung Yun Chee, met with German physician Dr. Schmeidler, who gave him a formula for a medicated oil containing menthol, camphor, and eucalyptus oil.[9] Leung was impressed by its wide range of applications and he founded the Leung Kai Fook Medical Company.[8][10]
He adopted the axe as the product's logo because customers would recognize it.[2] The outbreak of the Pacific War saw many businesses struggle but this was an unexpected opportunity as the Japanese occupation of Singapore cut off overseas competitors and permitted Axe Brand to capture significant market share in Malaya.[11]
Leung distributed pamphlets with famous stories on one side and Axe Brand advertisements on the other to increase the visibility of its products. He also used other marketing tactics and founded a series of newspapers to feature Axe Brand advertisements.[2] Notably, Shin Min Daily News (新民日报) was founded by Leung in collaboration with Hong Kong novelist Jin Yong on 18 March 1967.[12][13][14] In 1970, production was moved from a small cottage factory in South Bridge Road to a seven-story factory in Macpherson with Shin Min Daily News based on the building's top floor.[8]
In the 1970s, Saudi Arabia became the first significant foreign market for the oil.[15][16] From there, it spread to other Middle Eastern nations such as the UAE and Jordan.[4] Since then, Axe Oil has expanded sales to China, Hong Kong and African.[17]
A manufacturing facility was established in 1993 at Shunde, Guangdong. Meanwhile, a factory in Johor Bahru was expanded to accommodate additional production lines.[18] Concurrently, the company invested in property and the travel industry in Hong Kong while setting up the US$65 million Hotel Landmark Canton in Guangzhou.[10]
In 2002, the Singapore factory was expanded with the acquisition of a large warehouse adjacent to the existing plant; to reduce labour costs arising from high local wages, manufacturing operations were automated with a production line running at over 100 bottles per minute.[18][19][20] A few new derivative products such as an Axe Brand Inhaler and Red Flower Oil were added to target ailments such as nasal congestion and rheumatic or muscular pain respectively.[18][21][22]
Presently, Axe Oil is produced in four Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) certified factories in Singapore, Malaysia, China, and Indonesia.[3][23] The company has around 600 employees worldwide, with approximately 200 in its Singapore HQ and factory complex.[6]
